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1.
Child Neuropsychol ; 29(4): 607-627, 2023 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35899401

ABSTRACT

The present study aims to standardize the Bender-Gestalt II Test by exploring its psychometric properties on a Turkish sample between the ages of 4 and 17 years and to obtain its normative values. The standardization sample consisted of 2691 students aged 4.0-17.11 years/months from low, middle, and high socioeconomic statuses, attending preschool, primary, and high school education. The participants were administered the Bender-Gestalt II Test and other tests, including the Gesell Developmental Schedules test, Colored Progressive Matrices Test, Goodenough Draw-a-Man Test, Test of Nonverbal Intelligence, Raven Standard Progressive Matrices Test, and Visual-Aural Digit Span Test-Revised Form, according to their age groups. The results revealed the absolute agreement values of the Copy items to be between .87 and .98. Thereafter, we calculated the test-retest reliability coefficients of the Copy scores to range from .74 to .67 by age groups, while the split-half reliability coefficients for each age group were between .62 and .87. The results of the exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses suggested its single-factor structure for all age groups. The Copy scores showed significant correlations and predicted the criterion characteristics, which include general cognitive ability, mental development/fine motor skills, short-term memory, and attention. Overall, the present study confirmed that the Bender-Gestalt II Test is a valid, reliable, and standardized measure to evaluate the visual-motor integration ability of those aged 4.0-17.11 years/months.


Subject(s)
Bender-Gestalt Test , Psychomotor Performance , Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Psychometrics , Reproducibility of Results , Reference Standards
2.
Estud. Interdiscip. Psicol ; 12(2): 129-150, maio-ago.2021. Tab, Ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1355108

ABSTRACT

O teste de Bender avalia a maturidade perceptomotora de crianças a partir da cópia de desenhos. Atualmente no Brasil, o único sistema favorável para correção deste teste é o Sistema de Pontuação Gradual/B-SPG, que considera os erros a partir das distorções da forma. Devido à sua contribuição para a compreensão das dificuldades nas habilidades perceptomotoras apresentadas pela criança e para a elaboração/acompanhamento de intervenções, a presente revisão (scoping review) apresenta um panorama acerca do B-SPG (2005-2020). Foram objeto de análise quantitativa e qualitativa 35 artigos empíricos recuperados do Portal de Periódicos CAPES, Redalyc e Google Scholar. Os resultados indicaram que o B-SPG possui um acúmulo satisfatório de propriedades psicométricas; a sua aplicação em contexto de pesquisa amplia as noções sobre o funcionamento da maturidade perceptomora de crianças brasileiras e que este sistema de correção do Bender também corrobora a prática de psicólogas atuantes nos campos da Psicologia e da Educação


Bender test assesses the perceptomotor maturity of children from drawing reproduction. Currently, in Brazil, the only favorable system for correcting this test is the Gradual Scoring System/B-SPG, which considers errors distortions in drawing reproduction. Due to contribution to the comprehension of the difficulties in the perceptomotor skills presented by the child and the elaboration/follow-up of interventions, this scoping review gives an overview of the B-SPG (2005-2020). It was the object of quantitative and qualitative analysis 35 articles empirical recovered from the CAPES Journal Portal, Redalyc, and Google Scholar. The results indicated that B-SPG has a satisfactory accumulation of psychometric properties; Its application in a research context expands the notions of the functioning of Brazilian children's perceptive maturity and that B-SPG Bender correction system also corroborates the practice of psychologists working in the field of Psychology and Education (AU).


La prueba de Bender evalúa la madurez perceptomotora de niños a través de las copias de dibujos. Actualmente en Brasil, el único sistema disponible para la corrección es el Sistema de Puntuación Gradual/B-SPG, que considera los errores de distorsiones del dibujo. Debido su contribución para la comprensión de las dificultades en la madurez perceptomotora presentada por niños y para la elaboración/acompañamiento de intervenciones, esta revisión (scoping review) presenta un panorama cerca del B-SPG (2005-2020). El analice cuantitativa y cualitativa fue con 35 artículos empíricos recuperados en el Portal de Periódicos CAPES, Redalyc y Google Scholar. Los resultados indicaran que el B-SPG tiene un acumulo satisfactorio de propiedades psicométricas; su aplicación en contexto de pesquisa amplia las nociones sobre el funcionamiento de la madurez perceptomotora de niños brasileños y que este sistema de corrección también corrobora la práctica de psicólogos actuantes en el campo de la Psicología y de la Educación (AU).


Subject(s)
Humans , Psychomotor Performance , Bender-Gestalt Test , Comprehension , Education , Research
3.
J Pak Med Assoc ; 71(2(B)): 629-632, 2021 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33941948

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate neuropsychological functioning in children with and without Specific Learning Disorder. METHODS: The comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in schools affiliated with Punjab Education Foundation, Gujrat, Pakistan, from January -to June 2019, and comprised children diagnosed with Specific Learning Disorder and age-matched and class matched high achievers as controls. Bender Gestalt Test II with copy test, recall test, perceptual test and motor test subscales was administered on both the groups for the assessment of neuropsychological functioning. Data was analysed using SPSS 21. RESULTS: Of 116 subjects, 64(55.2%) were cases and 52(44.8%) controls. Overall, there were 64(55.2%) girls and 52(44.8%) boys with a mean age of 10.41±1.14. There was significant difference on recall test (p<0.01) between the groups which had 100% predictive power. CONCLUSIONS: Memory function was significantly impaired in children with Specific Learning Disorder.


Subject(s)
Specific Learning Disorder , Bender-Gestalt Test , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Memory , Pakistan/epidemiology
4.
Rev. bras. orientac. prof ; 20(2): 119-129, jul.-dez. 2019.
Article in Portuguese | Index Psychology - journals, LILACS | ID: biblio-1101624

ABSTRACT

Na estruturação da vida humana é comum privilegiar os esforços de preparação à atividade laboral em detrimento à vivência do tempo livre, de modo que a aposentadoria se apresenta como uma mudança significativa que exige a ressignificação dos vínculos socioafetivos e ocupacionais desenvolvidos ao longo do ciclo de vida. Este estudo trata-se de um ensaio teórico que visa refletir acerca da aposentadoria e da vivência do ócio a partir das possíveis contribuições da abordagem gestáltica, baseando-se nos conceitos de pessoa, de awareness e de aqui-e-agora, além de elementos do trabalho grupal em Gestalt-terapia, os quais podem corroborar de forma relevante para o processo de preparação à aposentadoria, possibilitando aos sujeitos o contato mais efetivo e responsável com suas escolhas, formas de ser e estar no mundo.


In the structuring of human life, it is common to privilege efforts to prepare for working activities than to experience free time living, so that retirement presents itself as a significant change that requires the re-signification of the socio-affective and occupational bonds developed throughout the life cycle. This study is a theoretical essay that aims to reflect on retirement and leisure experience from the possible contributions of the Gestalt approach, based on the concepts of person, awareness and here-and-now, as well as elements of Gestalt therapy group work, which can contribute in a relevant way to the process of preparation for retirement, enabling the subjects the most effective and responsible contact with their choices and ways of being in the world.


En la estructuración de la vida humana es común ponderar los esfuerzos de la preparación para la actividad laboral en detrimento de la vivencia del ocio, de modo que la jubilación se presenta como un cambio significativo que exige la resignificación de los vínculos socio-afectivos y ocupacionales desarrollados a lo largo del ciclo de vida. Este estudio constituye un ensayo teórico que pretende reflexionar acerca de la jubilación y la vivencia del ocio a partir de las posibles contribuciones del enfoque gestáltico, basándose en los conceptos de persona, de conciencia y de aquí y ahora, además de elementos del trabajo grupal en Gestalt-terapia, los cuales pueden aportar de forma relevante al proceso de preparación para la jubilación, posibilitándole a los sujetos un contacto más efectivo y responsable con sus elecciones y formas de ser y estar en el mundo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Retirement , Social Adjustment , Awareness , Work , Bender-Gestalt Test , Activities of Daily Living , Gestalt Therapy , Leisure Activities , Life Cycle Stages
5.
Aval. psicol ; 18(3): 316-324, jul.-set. 2019. tab
Article in Portuguese | Index Psychology - journals, LILACS | ID: biblio-1055233

ABSTRACT

Este estudo buscou evidências de validade de conteúdo e critério para a versão de rastreio do Bender - Sistema de Pontuação Gradual. Para isso, 693 crianças, ambos os sexos, com idades entre seis e 10 anos (M = 8,42; DP = 1,38) reproduziram a cópia de três figuras. Os resultados indicaram que a Figura 3 apresentou alto nível de dificuldade, sendo necessário maior nível de maturidade perceptomotora para sua execução. As Figuras 7a e 7b, embora apresentem sobreposição, foram mais fáceis de serem copiadas. Verificou-se que os erros de distorções na reprodução das figuras tendem a diminuir gradualmente conforme aumenta a idade das crianças. Observou-se que as três figuras não apresentam funcionamento diferencial dos itens entre meninas e meninos, além disso também não foram encontradas diferenças de média de desempenho. Esses achados sugerem que a versão de rastreio é uma proposta promissora para ser utilizada na avaliação da maturidade perceptomotora. (AU)


This study sought evidence of content and criteria validity for the screening version of the Bender - Gradual Scoring System. For this, 693 children of both sexes, between 6 and 10 years of age (M = 8.42; SD = 1.38), reproduced three figures. The results indicated that Figure 3 had a greater level of difficulty, with a greater level of perceptive-motor maturity required for its execution. Figures 7a and 7b, although overlapping, were easier to reproduce. It was found that the errors of distortions in the reproduction of figures tended to gradually decrease as the child's age increased. Another point observed was that the three figures did not present differential functioning for the items between girls and boys, nor were any mean performance differences found. These findings suggest that the screening version is a promising proposition for use in the evaluation of perceptive-motor maturity. (AU)


El estudio buscó evidencias de validez de contenido y criterio para la versión de rastreo del Bender - Sistema de Puntuación Gradual. Por esto, participaron 693 niños de ambos sexos con edades entre 6 y 10 años (M= 8,42; DP = 1,38), que reprodujeron la copia de tres figuras. Los resultados indicaron que la Figura 3 presentó alto nivel de dificultad, siendo necesario un mayor nivel de madurez perceptiva para su ejecución. Las Figuras 7a y 7b, aunque presentaban superposición, fueron más fáciles de dibujar. Se verificó que los errores de distorsión en la reproducción de las figuras tienden a disminuir gradualmente según aumenta la edad de los niños. Otro punto observado fue que las tres figuras no presentan funcionamiento diferencial entre las niñas y niños, además tampoco se encontraron diferencias de promedio de rendimiento. Estos hallazgos sugieren que la versión de rastreo es una propuesta oportuna para ser usada en la evaluación de la madurez perceptiva. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Bender-Gestalt Test , Reproducibility of Results , Age Factors
6.
Span J Psychol ; 21: E33, 2018 Aug 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30088462

ABSTRACT

Visual-motor skill forms an important psycho diagnostic component and is associated with psycho-neurological aspects. The Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt Test, widely used for the evaluation of this area, is meant for children up to 11 years. In adolescence, the changes associated with puberty generate nonlinear anthropometric development resulting in mild and temporary incoordination. This study investigated the relation between visual-motor development measured by the Bender test and pubertal changes according to the Tanner scale. In all 134 adolescents of both sexes, aged from 10 to 15, who kept routine medical appointments, participated. We used the Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt Test, Raven's Progressive Matrices Test, and medical chart data. The techniques were applied individually. Pubertal changes were associated with the Bender test results showing higher scores at the G3 stage, the period corresponding to a growth spurt, compared to the G5 stage (p = .007, ES = .187), the post-growth spurt period in boys. Age and gender did not influence the Bender test scores. According to the Raven test, the g intelligence factor, interfered significantly in the visual-motor performance (r = -57%, p < .001). Schooling, repetition of a school year, and developmental problems (p = .002, ES = .156; p = .002, ES = .623; p < .001, ES = .880, respectively) obtained similar results. The Bender Test was sensitive to schooling and maturational problems during adolescence. There was an association between visual-motor development and sexual maturity in male adolescents. Our results indicate the usefulness of the Bender Test at older ages than those used in the test standardization.


Subject(s)
Adolescent Development/physiology , Bender-Gestalt Test , Child Development/physiology , Psychomotor Performance/physiology , Puberty/physiology , Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male
7.
Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto, Online) ; 28: e2807, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-955214

ABSTRACT

Abstract The Bender Gradual Scoring System (B-GSS) is one of the main systems of visual-motor assessment used in Brazil. Studies, however, seldom address samples with atypical development. This study tested the psychometric properties of the B-GSS items in a sample of individuals with typical development (Group A; n = 198; aged between seven and 10 years old; group application) and in a sample with intellectual disabilities (Group B; n = 203; aged between 11 and 30 years old; individual application), in accordance with ethical recommendations. The results reveal figures with differential functioning. Figure 6 was biased toward group A, while figures 1 and 2 were biased toward group B. Test of the information curve indicates low precision for extreme scores. There is a need for further research to better understand how the B-GSS items work across different samples in order to verify whether such findings can be generalized to other samples.


Resumo O Bender-Sistema de Pontuação Gradual (B-SPG) é um dos principais sistemas de avaliação visomotora utilizados no Brasil. Entretanto, estudos com amostras com desenvolvimento atípico são escassos. Este estudo verificou o funcionamento dos itens do B-SPG em uma amostra com desenvolvimento típico (Grupo A, n = 198, idade entre sete e dez anos, aplicação coletiva) e com pessoas com diferentes diagnósticos de deficiência intelectual (Grupo B, n = 203, idade entre 11 e 30 anos, aplicação individual) respeitando-se todos os aspectos éticos. Os resultados indicaram figuras com funcionamento diferencial. A figura 6 favoreceu o grupo A, e as figuras 1 e 2 favoreceram o B. A curva de informação do teste indicou baixa precisão nas pontuações extremas. Discute-se a realização de mais estudos, visando melhor compreensão do funcionamento do B-SPG em diferentes amostras de modo a testar o quanto os achados se generalizam a outras amostras.


Resumen El Bender-Sistema de Puntuación Gradual (B-SPG) es uno de los principales sistemas de evaluación visomotora utilizados en Brasil. Sin embargo, los estudios con muestras con desarrollo atípico todavía son escasos. Este estudio verificó el funcionamiento de los ítems del B-SPG en una muestra de personas con desarrollo típico (Grupo A; n = 198; edades entre 7 y 10 años, aplicación colectiva) y con personas con diferentes diagnósticos de deficiencia intelectual (Grupo B; n = 203; edades entre 11 y 30 años, aplicación individual), respetando todos los aspectos éticos. Los resultados indicaron figuras con funcionamiento diferencial. La figura 6 favoreció al grupo A, mientras que las figuras 1 y 2 al Grupo B. La curva de información del test indicó una baja precisión en las puntuaciones extremas. Se debate la realización de más estudios que pretendan una mejor comprensión del funcionamiento del B-SPG en diferentes muestras, para comprobar si los resultados obtenidos en esta ocasión , se generalizan en otras muestras.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Psychomotor Performance , Bender-Gestalt Test , Projective Techniques
8.
Span. j. psychol ; 21: e33.1-e33.8, 2018. tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-189115

ABSTRACT

Visual-motor skill forms an important psycho diagnostic component and is associated with psycho-neurological aspects. The Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt Test, widely used for the evaluation of this area, is meant for children up to 11 years. In adolescence, the changes associated with puberty generate nonlinear anthropometric development resulting in mild and temporary incoordination. This study investigated the relation between visual-motor development measured by the Bender test and pubertal changes according to the Tanner scale. In all 134 adolescents of both sexes, aged from 10 to 15, who kept routine medical appointments, participated. We used the Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt Test, Raven's Progressive Matrices Test, and medical chart data. The techniques were applied individually. Pubertal changes were associated with the Bender test results showing higher scores at the G3 stage, the period corresponding to a growth spurt, compared to the G5 stage (p = .007, ES = .187), the post-growth spurt period in boys. Age and gender did not influence the Bender test scores. According to the Raven test, the g intelligence factor, interfered significantly in the visual-motor performance (r = -57%, p < .001). Schooling, repetition of a school year, and developmental problems (p = .002, ES = .156; p = .002, ES = .623; p < .001, ES = .880, respectively) obtained similar results. The Bender Test was sensitive to schooling and maturational problems during adolescence. There was an association between visual-motor development and sexual maturity in male adolescents. Our results indicate the usefulness of the Bender Test at older ages than those used in the test standardization


No disponible


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adolescent Development/physiology , Bender-Gestalt Test , Child Development/physiology , Psychomotor Performance/physiology , Puberty/physiology
9.
Investig. psicol ; 22(2): 17-24, dic. 2017. tab.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-914094

ABSTRACT

La maduración visomotora es una función universal, todos los niños a medida que aumenta su edad cronológica adquieren mayor maduración viso motora y, a su vez, se caracteriza por la diversidad, influida por el contexto. Objetivos: a) describir el nivel de madurez visomotora de niños y adolescentes escolarizados del Gran San Miguel de Tucumán, según edad y nivel socioeconómico (NSE), b) generar normas actualizadas del Test guestáltico visomotor de Bender y c) comparar los baremos obtenidos en la actualidad con los de 1995 para población de Tucumán. Participantes: 945 sujetos del Gran San Miguel de Tucumán, entre 5 y 12 años. Se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, comparativo, transversal, con muestreo no probabilístico intencional. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos del puntaje error y análisis univariados considerando edad y NSE. Se halló que la cantidad de errores tendían a disminuir a medida que aumentaba la edad y se encontraron diferencias estadísticas significativas en la combinación NSE y edad. Se establecieron percentiles para toda la muestra. Se efectuaron prueba t de Student para muestras independientes para comparar puntajes error del baremo Tucumán 1995 y los del presente estudio. Este trabajo aporta información valiosa al diagnóstico de la evaluación psicológica infantojuvenil.


Visuomotor maturation is a universal function. As children's chronological age advances so does their visuomotor maturation. Such maturation is characterized by diversity, which is, in turn, influenced by context. Objectives: a) to describe the level of visuomotor maturity of children schooled at San Miguel de Tucuman, taking into consideration age and socioeconomic status (NSE), b) to set updated norms on Bender Gestalt Test and c) to compare the recently obtained scale with that of the year 1995 for the population in Tucumán. Participants: 945 subjects from San Miguel de Tucuman, aged 5 ­ 12. This is a quantitative, comparative, cross-sectional, non-probability sampling based study. A descriptive analysis of the error score and a univariate analysis considering the informants' age and socioeconomic status were carried out. Findings showed that the older the children were, the less mistakes they tended to make. Additionally, meaningful statistical differences were found when both factors namely, age and socioeconomic status, were considered. Percentiles weree stablish ed for the whole sample. Student's t-tests for independent samples were performed so as to compare error scores from the scale Tucuman 1995 with those of the current study. This piece of research offers valuable information for the diagnosis of child and adolescent psychological assessment.


Subject(s)
Child , Adolescent , Bender-Gestalt Test , Child , Psychomotor Performance , Adolescent
10.
Paidéia (Ribeiräo Preto) ; 27(66): 24-32, Jan.-Apr. 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-841949

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Although the relationship between perceptual motor skills and attention is reported in the literature, few studies have empirically explored this association. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between these constructs, using the Bender-Gestalt Test: Gradual Scoring System (B-SPG) and the Psychological Battery for Attention Assessment (BPA). The participants were 320 children from four public schools in a city located in the South of the state of Minas Gerais, with ages ranging from seven to 10 years (M = 8.39, SD = 1.10) and 196 (55.9 %) female. The results showed negative, moderate and significant correlations between the total scores of the instruments, indicating the relationship between the constructs. Although the data has confirmed the existence of a relationship between perceptual motor skills and attention, further studies with samples from other regions are necessary.


Resumo: Embora seja apontada na literatura a relação entre a habilidade perceptomotora e a atenção, poucos estudos exploraram empiricamente essa associação. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a relação entre esses construtos, por meio dos instrumentos Teste Gestáltico Visomotor de Bender: Sistema de Pontuação Gradual (B-SPG) e a Bateria Psicológica para Avaliação da Atenção (BPA). Os participantes foram 320 crianças de quatro escolas públicas de uma cidade situada no sul do estado de Minas Gerais, com idades que variaram entre sete e 10 anos (M = 8,39; DP = 1,10), sendo 196 (55,9 %) do sexo feminino. Os resultados evidenciaram correlações negativas, moderadas e significativas entre os escores totais dos instrumentos, indicando a relação entre os construtos. Embora os dados tenham corroborado a existência de relação entre a habilidade perceptomotora e a atenção, considera-se necessária a realização de novos estudos com amostras de outras regiões.


Resumen: Aunque la literatura informe sobre la relación entre la habilidad perceptomotora y la atención, pocos estudios han explorado empíricamente esta asociación. El objetivo de este trabajo fue investigar la relación entre esos constructos, a través de los instrumentos Test Gestáltico de Bender: Sistema de Puntuación Gradual (B-SPG) y la batería de Psicología para la Evaluación de la Atención (BPA). Los participantes fueron 320 niños de cuatro escuelas públicas de una ciudad situada en el sur del estado de Minas Gerais, con edades que variaron de siete a 10 años (M = 8,39, DE = 1,10), siendo 196 (55,9 %) niñas. Los resultados mostraron correlaciones negativas, moderadas y significativas entre las puntuaciones totales de los instrumentos, lo que indica la relación entre los constructos. Aunque los datos han confirmado la existencia de relación entre habilidad perceptomotora y atención, se considera necesario realizar nuevos estudios con muestras de otras regiones.


Subject(s)
Child , Attention , Bender-Gestalt Test , Psychological Tests
11.
Int J Law Psychiatry ; 50: 68-75, 2017.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27289503

ABSTRACT

computed tomography and the Bender Gestalt Test are some of the tests used routinely for the assessment of alleged offenders referred under Sections 77 and 78 of the Criminal Procedure Act 51 of 1977. An exploratory retrospective study was conducted at the Free State Psychiatric Complex. The aim of this study was to identify the extent to which the Bender Gestalt Test results and the computed tomography scans are associated with outcomes in the assessment of competency to stand trial and criminal responsibility in individuals referred to the Free State Psychiatric Complex (FSPC) observation unit. This was a cross-sectional study and the entire population of patients admitted in 2013 was included in the study. The clinical and demographic data were obtained from patient files. The majority of participants were black, males, single and unemployed. The most common diagnosis was schizophrenia. The current study showed no statistically significant association between the Bender Gestalt Test Hain's scores and the outcome of criminal responsibility and competency to stand trial. Similarly, the study also showed no statistically significant association between the presence of a brain lesion and the outcome of criminal responsibility and competency to stand trial. It was also concluded that as CT scans are expensive, patients should be referred for that service only when there is a clear clinical indication to do so.


Subject(s)
Bender-Gestalt Test/statistics & numerical data , Brain Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Brain Diseases/psychology , Brain/diagnostic imaging , Mental Competency/legislation & jurisprudence , Psychometrics/statistics & numerical data , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent , Adult , Cross-Sectional Studies , Forensic Psychiatry/legislation & jurisprudence , Humans , Insanity Defense , Middle Aged , Patient Admission , Retrospective Studies , South Africa , Statistics as Topic , Utilization Review , Young Adult
12.
Rev. latinoam. psicol ; 48(3): 175-182, Dec. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-830534

ABSTRACT

El estudio tiene por objetivo contrastar la efectividad de calificadores sin entrenamiento específico en el test gestáltico visomotor de Bender, 2.ª edición (Bender-II), usando un método para calificar el grado de exactitud de los dibujos reproducidos propio de este instrumento (sistema de calificación global). Algunos estudios previos han demostrado buenos niveles de confiabilidad intercalificador, pero no se verificó el efecto de la falta de entrenamiento específico. En el estudio participaron 75 niños divididos en dos grupos (34 y 41) de edad y cuatro calificadores (dos estudiantes y dos egresados, todos de psicología). Después de aplicar el test individualmente, los calificadores recibieron la instrucción de puntuar los dibujos usando únicamente el manual como guía, sin interactuar entre ellos. Se hicieron comparaciones intragrupo e intergrupos. Aunque los resultados indicaron algunas diferencias moderadas entre los grupos, principalmente se hallaron niveles altos de acuerdo y consistencia; y comparado con los estudios previos, las diferencias generalmente no fueron sustanciales. Se concluye que el puntaje visomotor del Bender-II puede alcanzar buenos niveles de confiabilidad.


This study aims to test the effectiveness of raters without specific training in the Global Scoring System, a method used to score the level of accuracy of the drawings reproduced in the Bender gestalt test, 2nd edition (Bender -II). Some previous studies have shown good reliability in inter-rater levels, but the effect of the lack of specific training was not verified. The participants were 75 children, divided into two groups (34 and 41, both between 8 and 11 years old), and four raters (two students and two graduates in psychology). After applying the test individually, the raters were instructed to rate the reproduced designs using the manual as a guide only, with no interaction between them. A within and between-group comparisons analysis was performed. Although the results showed some moderate differences in the group comparisons, high levels of agreement and consistency were mainly found. When compared with previous studies, the differences were generally not substantial. It can be concluded that the Bender-II visual-motor score can achieve good levels of reliability.


Subject(s)
Bender-Gestalt Test , Aptitude , Reproducibility of Results , Guideline Adherence , Evaluation Study
13.
Aval. psicol ; 15(2): 257-264, ago. 2016. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: lil-797799

ABSTRACT

Este estudo buscou descrever o desenvolvimento perceptomotor de estudantes baianos, tal qual avaliado pelo Bender-Sistema de Pontuação Gradual, e explorar eventuais diferenças por idade, ano escolar e sexo. Participaram 388 escolares, ambos os sexos, entre 7 e 10 anos (M=8,94; DP=0,9), do segundo ao quinto ano do Ensino Fundamental de escolas públicas do interior da Bahia. Os resultados indicaram que 206 discentes apresentaram dificuldades na reprodução das figuras e, portanto, um desenvolvimento perceptomotor comprometido. Os estudantes em anos escolares mais avançados e mais velhos obtiveram melhores desempenhos no B-SPG do que os em anos escolares iniciais e mais novos. Embora os meninos tenham apresentado menos distorções no teste, não houve diferença significativa entre os sexos. Esses resultados são congruentes com os de outros estudos e apontam para a importância de que novas investigações sobre o tema sejam realizadas, especialmente em regiões ainda pouco investigadas.


This study aimed to describe the perceptomotor development of Bahian students, as evaluated by Bender–Gradual Scoring System (B-SPG), and to explore differences related to age, school year and gender among the participants. The sample was composed of 388 school children, of both sexes, between 7 and 10 years of age (M=8.94, SD=0.9), from 2nd to 5th grade in inner city public schools in the state of of Bahia. The results indicated that 206 students had difficulties reproducing figures and therefore an impaired perceptomotor development. Older students and those in later school years had better B-SPG performance tan younger students or those in the lower grades. Although the boys experienced less distortion in the test, there was no significant difference between the sexes. These results are consistent with other studies and point to the importance of further research on the subject, especially in poorly investigated regions.


Este estudio tuvo como objetivo describir el desarrollo perceptomotor de los estudiantes de Bahía, como se evalúa por Bender- Sistema de Pontuação Gradual (B-SPG), y explorar las diferencias entre ellos por edad, sexo y año escolar. Participaron 388 niños en edad escolar, de ambos sexos, entre 7 y 10 años (M=8,94, SD=0,9), el segundo al quinto año de educación primaria en escuelas públicas en una ciudad en el interior de Bahía. Los resultados indicaron que 206 estudiantes tenían dificultades para reproducir figuras y por lo tanto un desarrollo perceptomotor deteriorada. Los estudiantes en los años escolares posteriores y mayores tuvieron mejores actuaciones en la B-SPG que en los primeros años escolares y más jóvenes. Aunque los niños han experimentado una menor distorsión en la prueba, no hubo diferencia significativa entre los sexos. Estos resultados son consistentes con otros estudios y apuntan a la importancia de la investigación sobre el tema se llevan a cabo, especialmente en las regiones escasamente investigados.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Psychomotor Performance , Students/psychology , Bender-Gestalt Test , Education, Primary and Secondary
14.
Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto) ; 26(64): 215-223, May-Aug. 2016. tab
Article in English | Index Psychology - journals | ID: psi-67742

ABSTRACT

Abstract Visual-motor maturity and executive functions are closely related in the child development process. This study aimed to investigate the relation between visual-motor abilities and executive functions in 83 healthy children between 7 and 10 years old. The tools used were the Bender Gestalt Visual-Motor Test - Gradual Scoring System (B-GSS), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPM), and Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF). The correlation between the B-GSS and WCST scores was significantly negative (r = -.23, p < .033), while ROCF variables, such as Total Memory and Total Copy, had a moderate, significant correlation with total B-GSS score (r = -.55, p < .001; r = -.44, p < .001, respectively). The results empirically show the relation between executive functions and visual-motor maturity and are discussed in face of developmental neuropsychology.(AU)


Resumo A maturidade visomotora e as funções executivas estão intimamente relacionadas no processo de desenvolvimento infantil. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a relação entre habilidades visomotoras e funções executivas em 83 crianças hígidas, de 7 a 10 anos. Os instrumentos utilizados foram Teste Gestáltico Visomotor de Bender - Sistema de Pontuação Gradual (B-GSS), Teste Wisconsin de Classificação de Cartas (WCST), Matrizes Progressivas de Raven (RPM) e Rey- Osterrieth Figura Complexa Test (ROCF). A correlação entre os escores de B-GSS e WCST foi negativa e significativa (r = 0,23, p < 0,033) e variáveis do ROCF, como Cópia Total e Memória Total apresentaram correlação moderada e significativa com o escore total do B-GSS (r = -0,55, p < 0,001; r = -0,44, p < 0,001, respectivamente). Os resultados evidenciam empiricamente a relação entre funções executivas e maturidade visomotora e são discutidos à luz da neuropsicologia do desenvolvimento.(AU)


Resumen La madurez visual-motora y las funciones ejecutivas están estrechamente relacionados en el proceso de desarrollo del niño. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la relación entre habilidades visomotoras y funciones ejecutivas en 83 niños sanos, de 7-10 años. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron Prueba Gestáltica Visomotora de Bender - Sistema de Puntuación Gradual (B-GSS), Prueba Wisconsin de Clasificación de Cartas (WCST), Matrices Progresivas de Raven (RPM) y Prueba Rey- Osterrieth Figura Compleja (ROCF). La correlación entre las puntuaciones B-GSS y WCST fue negativa y significativa (r = 0,23, p < 0,033) y ROCF variables, como Copiar y Memoria Total mostraron correlación moderada y significativa con la puntuación total de la B-GSS (r = -0,55, p < 0,001; r = -0,44, p < 0,001, respectivamente). Los resultados demuestran empíricamente la relación entre las funciones ejecutivas y la madurez visomotora y se discuten a la luz de la neuropsicología del desarrollo.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy , Neuropsychology , Bender-Gestalt Test
15.
Aval. psicol ; 15(2): 257-264, ago. 2016. tab
Article in Portuguese | Index Psychology - journals | ID: psi-69653

ABSTRACT

Este estudo buscou descrever o desenvolvimento perceptomotor de estudantes baianos, tal qual avaliado pelo Bender-Sistema de Pontuação Gradual, e explorar eventuais diferenças por idade, ano escolar e sexo. Participaram 388 escolares, ambos os sexos, entre 7 e 10 anos (M=8,94; DP=0,9), do segundo ao quinto ano do Ensino Fundamental de escolas públicas do interior da Bahia. Os resultados indicaram que 206 discentes apresentaram dificuldades na reprodução das figuras e, portanto, um desenvolvimento perceptomotor comprometido. Os estudantes em anos escolares mais avançados e mais velhos obtiveram melhores desempenhos no B-SPG do que os em anos escolares iniciais e mais novos. Embora os meninos tenham apresentado menos distorções no teste, não houve diferença significativa entre os sexos. Esses resultados são congruentes com os de outros estudos e apontam para a importância de que novas investigações sobre o tema sejam realizadas, especialmente em regiões ainda pouco investigadas.


This study aimed to describe the perceptomotor development of Bahian students, as evaluated by Bender­Gradual Scoring System (B-SPG), and to explore differences related to age, school year and gender among the participants. The sample was composed of 388 school children, of both sexes, between 7 and 10 years of age (M=8.94, SD=0.9), from 2nd to 5th grade in inner city public schools in the state of of Bahia. The results indicated that 206 students had difficulties reproducing figures and therefore an impaired perceptomotor development. Older students and those in later school years had better B-SPG performance tan younger students or those in the lower grades. Although the boys experienced less distortion in the test, there was no significant difference between the sexes. These results are consistent with other studies and point to the importance of further research on the subject, especially in poorly investigated regions.


Este estudio tuvo como objetivo describir el desarrollo perceptomotor de los estudiantes de Bahía, como se evalúa por Bender- Sistema de Pontuação Gradual (B-SPG), y explorar las diferencias entre ellos por edad, sexo y año escolar. Participaron 388 niños en edad escolar, de ambos sexos, entre 7 y 10 años (M=8,94, SD=0,9), el segundo al quinto año de educación primaria en escuelas públicas en una ciudad en el interior de Bahía. Los resultados indicaron que 206 estudiantes tenían dificultades para reproducir figuras y por lo tanto un desarrollo perceptomotor deteriorada. Los estudiantes en los años escolares posteriores y mayores tuvieron mejores actuaciones en la B-SPG que en los primeros años escolares y más jóvenes. Aunque los niños han experimentado una menor distorsión en la prueba, no hubo diferencia significativa entre los sexos. Estos resultados son consistentes con otros estudios y apuntan a la importancia de la investigación sobre el tema se llevan a cabo, especialmente en las regiones escasamente investigados.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Bender-Gestalt Test , Psychomotor Performance , Students/psychology , Education, Primary and Secondary
16.
Paidéia (Ribeiräo Preto) ; 26(64): 215-223, May-Aug. 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-780913

ABSTRACT

Visual-motor maturity and executive functions are closely related in the child development process. This study aimed to investigate the relation between visual-motor abilities and executive functions in 83 healthy children between 7 and 10 years old. The tools used were the Bender Gestalt Visual-Motor Test - Gradual Scoring System (B-GSS), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPM), and Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF). The correlation between the B-GSS and WCST scores was significantly negative (r = -.23, p < .033), while ROCF variables, such as Total Memory and Total Copy, had a moderate, significant correlation with total B-GSS score (r = -.55, p < .001; r = -.44, p < .001, respectively). The results empirically show the relation between executive functions and visual-motor maturity and are discussed in face of developmental neuropsychology.


A maturidade visomotora e as funções executivas estão intimamente relacionadas no processo de desenvolvimento infantil. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a relação entre habilidades visomotoras e funções executivas em 83 crianças hígidas, de 7 a 10 anos. Os instrumentos utilizados foram Teste Gestáltico Visomotor de Bender - Sistema de Pontuação Gradual (B-GSS), Teste Wisconsin de Classificação de Cartas (WCST), Matrizes Progressivas de Raven (RPM) e Rey- Osterrieth Figura Complexa Test (ROCF). A correlação entre os escores de B-GSS e WCST foi negativa e significativa (r = 0,23, p < 0,033) e variáveis do ROCF, como Cópia Total e Memória Total apresentaram correlação moderada e significativa com o escore total do B-GSS (r = -0,55, p < 0,001; r = -0,44, p < 0,001, respectivamente). Os resultados evidenciam empiricamente a relação entre funções executivas e maturidade visomotora e são discutidos à luz da neuropsicologia do desenvolvimento.


La madurez visual-motora y las funciones ejecutivas están estrechamente relacionados en el proceso de desarrollo del niño. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la relación entre habilidades visomotoras y funciones ejecutivas en 83 niños sanos, de 7-10 años. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron Prueba Gestáltica Visomotora de Bender - Sistema de Puntuación Gradual (B-GSS), Prueba Wisconsin de Clasificación de Cartas (WCST), Matrices Progresivas de Raven (RPM) y Prueba Rey- Osterrieth Figura Compleja (ROCF). La correlación entre las puntuaciones B-GSS y WCST fue negativa y significativa (r = 0,23, p < 0,033) y ROCF variables, como Copiar y Memoria Total mostraron correlación moderada y significativa con la puntuación total de la B-GSS (r = -0,55, p < 0,001; r = -0,44, p < 0,001, respectivamente). Los resultados demuestran empíricamente la relación entre las funciones ejecutivas y la madurez visomotora y se discuten a la luz de la neuropsicología del desarrollo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Bender-Gestalt Test , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy , Neuropsychology
17.
Psicol. teor. prát ; 18(2): 117-128, ago. 2016. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-955998

ABSTRACT

O B-SPG foi proposto como um sistema de correção para o Teste Bender, em 2005. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar se, com um conjunto menor de figuras, é possível chegar a uma medida da avaliação da habilidade perceptomotora equivalente à proposta original desse sistema. Participaram 787 crianças, com idades entre 6 e 10 anos (M = 8,18; DP = 1,33). Por meio de uma análise fatorial exploratória, foram verificados os itens com maiores cargas fatorais, considerando os conjuntos de figuras formadas por pontos e laçadas, linhas retas e ângulos e linhas curvas. A partir disso, realizou-se uma análise de regressão, verificando que um conjunto de três figuras, 3, 4 e 7, explicaram 80% da variância do escore total do B-SPG. O valor do coeficiente alfa foi calculado, indicando uma confiabilidade de 0,74. Pode-se dizer que esse conjunto de figuras se revelou adequado. No entanto, são necessários estudos que investiguem suas relações com outras variáveis, corroborando, assim, sua adequação psicométrica.


The B-SPG was proposed as a correction system for the Bender Test in 2005. The aim of this study was to determine, if, with a set lower figures, is possible to get a measure of evaluation of perceptual motor skills equivalent to the original purpose of this system. Participated in this study 787 children, with ages ranging from 6 to 10 years (M = 8.18, SD = 1.33). Through an exploratory factor analysis, the items were checked with larger loads factorials, considering the sets of figures formed by dots and circles, straight lines and angles and curved lines. From there, was a regression analysis, finding that the set of three figures, 3, 4 and 7, explained 80% of the variance of the total B-SPG score. The value of the alpha coefficient was 0.74. It can be said that this set of figures proved appropriate. However, studies are needed to investigate the relationship with other variables, which confirms the psychometric adequacy of this set of items.


El B-SPG fue propuesto en 2005 como sistema de corrección para el Test de Bender. el objetivo de este estudio fue verificar si con menos figuras se puede obtener una medida para evaluar la capacidad perceptomotora, equivalente a la propuesta original del sistema. Participaron 787 niños, con edades entre 6 y 10 años (M = 8,18, DT = 1,33). A partir del análisis factorial exploratorio fueron observados los ítems con mayor carga factorial, considerando los conjuntos de figuras que se refieren a puntos y lazos, líneas rectas y ángulos, y líneas curvas. A partir de eso se realizó un análisis de regresión, encontrando que un conjunto de tres figuras, 3, 4 y 7, explicaron el 80% de la varianza de la puntuación total del B-SPG. el valor del coeficiente alfa fue calculado, indicando una confiabilidad de 0,74. Se concluye que este conjunto de figuras resultó apropiado. Sin embargo, se necesitan estudios para investigar su relación con otras variables para confirmar la adecuación psicométrica de este grupo de ítems.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Bender-Gestalt Test , Child Development , Factor Analysis, Statistical
18.
Article in Korean | WPRIM (Western Pacific) | ID: wpr-725020

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Although forgetfulness is a common complaint among menopausal depressed women, there is still a debate about the relationship between memory impairment and menopause. The aim of this study is to examine whether menopause is related to cognitive decline among women with depressive disorders. We hypothesized that postmenopausal depressed women show generally poorer performance than premenopausal depressed women on various cognitive function tests. METHODS: With a retrospective chart review, we identified a total of 87 female patients (45 premenopausal patients and 42 postmenopausal patients) who were hospitalized with depressive disorders from 2000 to 2016. Demographic and clinical variables and cognitive test results were compared between two groups. RESULTS: ducation year is longer in premenopausal group than postmenopausal group whereas clinical characteristics (illness duration, recurrence, and symptom severity) and mean Intelligence Quotient (IQ) were similar between two groups. The postmenopausal group took longer time for Bender-Gestalt Test (BGT) recall, Trail Making Test (TMT)-A, and TMT-B than the premenopausal group. After controlling for age and education, significant difference was remained for BGT recall (p = 0.029). CONCLUSIONS: Postmenopausal state may be related with decline of visuospatial memory function, in particular, among depressed female patients. Other areas of cognitive function including complex attention, verbal memory, auditory memory, and working memory might be interpreted while considering age and education level.


Subject(s)
Female , Female , Humans , Bender-Gestalt Test , Cognition , Depression , Depressive Disorder , Education , Intelligence , Memory , Memory, Short-Term , Menopause , Recurrence , Retrospective Studies , Trail Making Test
19.
Psicol. pesq ; 9(1): 03-09, jun. 2015. tab
Article in Portuguese | Index Psychology - journals | ID: psi-70489

ABSTRACT

O presente estudo avaliou amostras de quatro estados brasileiros em relação ao desempenho no Bender-Sistema de Pontuação Gradual. Participaram 1.148 crianças, de ambos os sexos, com idades variando de seis a 10 anos (M = 8,09, DP = 1,36), dos estados de Minas Gerais (26,0%), Paraíba (18,6%), Piauí (24,0%) e São Paulo (31,4%). Os resultados indicaram que as diferenças entre os estados foram significativas apenas nas crianças de nove e 10 anos. Na pontuação total do teste Bender-Sistema de Pontuação Gradual, embora as crianças de São Paulo tenham apresentado o melhor desempenho e as de Minas Gerais o pior, a diferença não foi significativa. Os achados são discutidos à luz da literatura. (AU)


The present research evaluated the performance of samples from four Brazilian states in test Bender-Gradual Scoring System. Participants were 1,148 children, of both genders, ages ranging from 6 to 10 years old (M = 8.09; SD = 1.36), from the states of Minas Gerais (26.0%), Paraiba (18.6%), Piaui (24.0%) and São Paulo (31.4%). Results showed that the differences between states were significant only for nine and 10 years old children. In general score, although São Paulo's children had the best performance and Minas Gerais' the worst, the difference was not significant. Findings are discussed based upon the theory. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Bender-Gestalt Test , Psychological Tests , Weights and Measures , Motor Activity
20.
Psicol. pesq ; 9(1): 03-09, jun. 2015. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-869290

ABSTRACT

O presente estudo avaliou amostras de quatro estados brasileiros em relação ao desempenho no Bender-Sistema de Pontuação Gradual. Participaram 1.148 crianças, de ambos os sexos, com idades variando de seis a 10 anos (M = 8,09, DP = 1,36), dos estados de Minas Gerais (26,0%), Paraíba (18,6%), Piauí (24,0%) e São Paulo (31,4%). Os resultados indicaram que as diferenças entre os estados foram significativas apenas nas crianças de nove e 10 anos. Na pontuação total do teste Bender-Sistema de Pontuação Gradual, embora as crianças de São Paulo tenham apresentado o melhor desempenho e as de Minas Gerais o pior, a diferença não foi significativa. Os achados são discutidos à luz da literatura.


The present research evaluated the performance of samples from four Brazilian states in test Bender-Gradual Scoring System. Participants were 1,148 children, of both genders, ages ranging from 6 to 10 years old (M = 8.09; SD = 1.36), from the states of Minas Gerais (26.0%), Paraiba (18.6%), Piaui (24.0%) and São Paulo (31.4%). Results showed that the differences between states were significant only for nine and 10 years old children. In general score, although São Paulo's children had the best performance and Minas Gerais' the worst, the difference was not significant. Findings are discussed based upon the theory.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Bender-Gestalt Test , Weights and Measures , Motor Activity , Psychological Tests
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