Efectividad de los ejercicios de Brandt-Daroff en pacientes con vértigo posicional paroxístico benigno / Effectiveness of the Brandt-Daroff Exercises in Patients with Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

El vértigo posicional paroxístico benigno se caracteriza por episodios breves pero intensos de vértigo con los cambios de postura, en su tratamiento pueden utilizarse ejercicios específicos. Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad de los ejercicios de Brandt-Daroff en el tratamiento del vértigo posicional paroxístico benigno y su relación con los grupos de edades y sexo. Métodos: Se aplicó un método descriptivo, con una muestra de 62 pacientes adultos que presentaban diagnóstico de vértigo paroxístico posicional benigno. Se utilizó la escala dicotómica con presencia o ausencia de vértigo, al inicio y final del tratamiento con estos ejercicios. Se analizaron las variables: edad, sexo y mejoría clínica de la enfermedad. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó la Prueba de homogeneidad λ2 con un nivel de significación de ά 0,05. Resultados: Se observó evolución favorable para el tratamiento de este trastorno mediante los ejercicios de Brandt-Daroff con el 87,09 por ciento en la eliminación del vértigo a las 7 sesiones de tratamiento, un 90 por ciento de efectividad en edades de 25 a 59 años y el 76,19 por ciento del sexo femenino, de ellas el 91,66 por ciento no presentó vértigos a final del tratamiento. Conclusiones: Se señala la efectividad de los ejercicios de Brandt-Daroff en el tratamiento del vértigo paroxístico posicional benigno con diferencias estadísticamente significativas en comparación con el tratamiento convencional. Mayor efectividad en edades de 25 a 59 años y el predominio del sexo femenino(AU)

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is characterized by brief but intense episodes of vertigo with changes in posture. Specific exercises can be used for its treatment. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of Brandt-Daroff exercises in the treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and its relationship with age and sex groups. Methods: A descriptive method was applied, with a sample of 62 adult patients who had a diagnosis of benign positional paroxysmal vertigo. The dichotomous scale with presence or absence of vertigo was used at the beginning and at the end of treatment with these exercises. The variables analyzed were age, sex, and clinical improvement of the disease. For statistical analysis, the chi-square homogeneity test was used with a significance level of 0.05. Results: A favorable evolution was observed for the treatment of this disorder by means of the Brandt-Daroff exercises, with 87.09 percent in the elimination of vertigo after seven treatment sessions, 90 percent effective in ages 25-59 years, and 76.19 percent corresponding to the female sex, of which 91.66 percent did not present vertigo at the end of treatment. Conclusions: The effectiveness of the Brandt-Daroff exercises is highlighted for the treatment of benign positional paroxysmal vertigo, with statistically significant differences compared to conventional treatment. Greater effectiveness in ages 25-59 years and the predominance of the female sex(AU)

Vértigo posicional paroxístico benigno: factores de riesgo asociados y eficacia de las maniobras de reposición / Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: associated risk factors and efficacy of particle repositioning maneuvers

INTRODUCCIÓN: El vértigo posicional paroxístico benigno (VPPB) es el vértigo periférico más frecuente. El tratamiento depende del compromiso de los canales semicirculares (CSC) y/o cúpulas, y consiste en maniobras de reposición de partículas. OBJETIVO: Evaluar los factores de riesgo asociados al VPPB en pacientes atendidos en el Servicio de Otorrinolaringología de la Red de Salud UC Christus. Evaluar la tasa de éxito de las maniobras de reposición. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Estudio retrospectivo. Se revisaron casos de VPPB con indicación de maniobras de reposición durante los años 2016-2017. Se obtuvo información demográfica, antecedentes médicos, la maniobra realizada y su éxito. Se evaluaron comorbilidades y temporada del año. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 195 consultas, realizándose 293 maniobras. La mayoría de los pacientes fueron mujeres (74%) con edad promedio de 63 años. Comorbilidades más frecuentes fueron hipertensión, dislipidemia y diabetes mellitus. El 20% presentó una hipofunción vestibular concomitante, 23% presentó antecedentes de VPPB y 8% compromiso bilateral. Canalolitiasis del CSC posterior fue predominante (90%). En el 77,3% se resuelve el caso con una maniobra. Los casos fueron más frecuentes en primavera y otoño. CONCLUSIONES: El VPPB fue más frecuente en mujeres, con una edad promedio de 63 años. La mayoría presentó canalolitiasis unilateral lográndose resolución con una maniobra de reposición.

INTRODUCTION: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most common cause of peripheral vertigo. The treatment depends on the semicircular canal (SCC) and/or cupula involved and consists of particle repositioning maneuvers. AIM: Analyze risk factors associated with BPPV for patients seen at the otorhinolaryngology department of the UC Christus health center. Evaluate the success rate of the repositioning maneuvers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective study. All cases of BPPV for which a repositioning maneuver was prescribed during the years 2016-2017 were reviewed. Data obtained includes demographics, medical history, maneuver performed, and its success rate. Comorbidities and seasonality were evaluated. RESULTS: 195 cases were included; with 293 maneuvers. The majority were women (74%), and the average age was 63 years. Common comorbidities were hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus. Concurrently, 20% had unilateral vestibular hypofunction, 23% had a history of BPPV, and 8% had bilateral involvement. Posterior SCC canalithiasis was most common (90%). In 77.3%, the case was resolved with one maneuver. Cases were most frequent in the spring and autumn season. CONCLUSION: BPPV was more common in women with an average age of 63 years. The majority of patients presented with unilateral canalithiasis obtaining a complete recovery with a single maneuver.

Physical Therapy for Posterior and Horizontal Canal Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo: Long-term Effect and Recurrence: A Systematic Review

Abstract Introduction Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most common cause of vertigo, and it is characterized by episodes of vertigo roundabout when the head is moved. A systematic review was performed using the most important scientific databases. This review included studies published in English in the last ten years, performed in adults, with emphasis on the diagnosis and treatment of BPPV. Objective To investigate the long-term effectiveness of vestibular rehabilitation (VR) in patients with BPPV and the rate of recurrence of symptoms. Data Synthesis A total of 38 studies were identified, of which only 12 met the inclusion criteria. The majority of the studies stated that VR is effective in decreasing the symptoms, with a short-term efficacy of 84.7%, and 89.2% in the long term in the reviewed studies. Conclusion Valuable studies show the beneficial effects of the maneuvers for the treatment of BPPV and their long-term effectiveness. This strengthens the conclusion that this treatment is effective in resolving symptoms and decreasing recurrences.

Effects of balance Vestibular Rehabilitation Therapy in elderly with Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo: a randomized controlled trial.

PURPOSE: To evaluate short-term effects of balance Vestibular Rehabilitation Therapy (VRT) on balance, dizziness symptoms and quality of life of the elderly with chronic Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV). METHOD: In this randomized, single-blind and controlled trial, older adults with chronic BPPV were randomized into two groups, the experimental group (n = 7, age: 69 (65-78) years) and the control group (n = 7, age: 73 (65-76) years). Patients in the experimental group underwent balance VRT (50 min per session, two times a week) and Canalith Repositioning Maneuver (CRM) as required, for 13 weeks. The control group was treated using only CRM as required. Standing and dynamic balance, dizziness symptoms and quality of life were measured at the baseline, and at one, five, nine and thirteen weeks. RESULTS: There were no between-group differences in dizziness, quality of life and standing balance over the 13 weeks. Significant differences were observed in dynamic balance measures between groups (p <  0.05 for most tests) through assessments. In intragroup analysis, both groups showed improvements in all measurements except no improvement was found in majority of the dynamic balance tests in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: The patients who received additional balance VRT demonstrated better results in dynamic balance than those who received only CRM. Implications for Rehabilitation The findings that balance VRT in addition to CRM improves dynamic balance in elderly people with BPPV should be useful in guiding rehabilitation professionals' clinical decision making to design interventions for seniors suffering from BPPV; Improvements in tests of dynamic balance suggest that the risk of adverse consequences of BPPV in the elderly such as falls and fractures can be potentially reduced through implementation of CRM in conjunction with balance VRT; Lack of additional improvement in Visual Analogue Scale of dizziness and Dizziness Handicap Index suggests that addition of balance VRT does not influence dizziness symptomatology, per se, and CRM alone is effective to ameliorate vertiginous symptoms and potentially improve quality of life.