Respect for bioethical principles and human rights in prisons: a systematic review on the state of the art.

BACKGROUND: Respect for human rights and bioethical principles in prisons is a crucial aspect of society and is proportional to the well-being of the general population. To date, these ethical principles have been lacking in prisons and prisoners are victims of abuse with strong repercussions on their physical and mental health. METHODS: A systematic review was performed, through a MESH of the following words (bioethics) AND (prison), (ethics) AND (prison), (bioethics) AND (jail), (ethics) AND (jail), (bioethics) AND (penitentiary), (ethics) AND (penitentiary), (prison) AND (human rights). Inclusion and exclusion criteria were defined and after PRISMA, 17 articles were included in the systematic review. RESULTS: Of the 17 articles, most were prevalence studies (n.5) or surveys (n.4), followed by cross-sectional studies (n.3), qualitative studies (n.1), retrospective (n.1) and an explanatory sequential mixed-methods study design (n.1). In most cases, the studies associated bioethics with prisoners' access to treatment for various pathologies such as vaccinations, tuberculosis, hepatitis, HIV, it was also found that bioethics in prisons was related to the mental health of prisoners, disability, ageing, the condition of women, the risk of suicide or with the request for end-of-life by prisoners. The results showed shortcomings in the system of maintaining bioethical principles and respect for human rights. CONCLUSIONS: Prisoners, in fact, find it difficult to access care, and have an increased risk of suicide and disability. Furthermore, they are often used as improper organ donors and have constrained autonomy that also compromises their willingness to have end-of-life treatments. In conclusion, prison staff (doctors, nurses, warders, managers) must undergo continuous refresher courses to ensure compliance with ethical principles and human rights in prisons.

Advocacy and Bioethics: Aspiration, Obligation, and Negotiation.

AbstractA long-standing tenet of healthcare clinical ethics consultation has involved the neutrality of the ethicist. However, recent pressing societal issues have challenged this viewpoint. Perhaps now more than ever before, ethicists are being called upon to take up roles in public health, policy, and other community-oriented endeavors. In this article, I first review the concept of professional advocacy and contrast this conceptualization with the role of patient advocate, utilizing the profession of nursing as an exemplar. Then, I explore the status of advocacy in clinical ethics and how this conversation intersects with the existing professional obligations of the bioethicist, arguing that the goals of ethics consultation and ethical obligations of the clinical ethicist are compatible with the role of professional advocate. Finally, I explore potential barriers to professional advocacy and offer suggestions for a path forward.

A preliminary epistemological ″human ecology″ framework for understanding the limits of bioethics.

This article tries to set up the epistemological bases of the science of ″human ecology″. This term has started to be used as a synonymous of morality, especially in the Catholic moral social doctrine that used for the first time to justify its marriage prospectives. We look at both terms together (human plus ecology) and we propose that human ecology should be a discipline that in the first time study human behavior and population (objective) using the postulates of the science of ecology (method) and then, once a conceptual framework for social sciences disciplines such as bioethics can be settle, could be used as a way to support or not moral postulates in the name of ecology. We conclude by defining which should be the methods of knowledge acquisition, the limits and the validity of what should be considered ″Human ecology″, that is to say, the ecology of the humans.

Uptown Squirrel Does Not Eat That.

This essay plays out a few ethics reasons we have to reconsider what's really being marketed to us in some free offers that distract us from questions of ethical, cultural, and clinical importance, for example. Possible points of focus for bioethics as a field are related to antimicrobial resistance and stewardship.

Might the bioethical principle of individual decisional autonomy have a politically liberalizing effect on soft authoritarian communities?

According to the bioethical principle of individual decisional autonomy, the patient has a right of informed consent to any medical or experimental procedure. The principle is politically liberal by advocating significant individual freedom as guaranteed by law and secured by civil liberties. When practiced in illiberal communities, might it have a political liberalizing effect? I respond first by analyzing cross-national norms of individual decisional autonomy to identify tensions with illiberal community; second, by examining examining Singapore in a single case study to show that liberal bioethics does not promote political liberalization; and third, by showing that the possibility of practicing liberal bioethics in research, clinically as well as in education, does not require a democratic order, and that liberal bioethics is unlikely to encourage the liberalization of illiberal political communities. Hence, it may never contribute to the development of globally effective cross-national norms for the legal regulation of bioethical research and clinical practice. Fourth, to bolster this analysis, I anticipate several possible objections to various of its aspects.

Bioethics curriculum for undergraduate medical students: an evaluation study utilizing mixed methods approach.

BACKGROUND: The undergraduate bioethics curriculum introduced in a private medical college in Pakistan in 1988 and revised in 2009 has evolved over time to incorporate globally relevant innovations, including integration of bioethics spirally within an existing problem-based learning curricular framework. The present evaluation study shares the results of this integrated bioethics curriculum delivered for 10 years across the five-year undergraduate medical curriculum. The study assessed the effectiveness of the curriculum in terms of student achievement, appropriateness of course contents and efficiency of instructional methods. METHODS: The study utilized a mixed method sequential explanatory design. The quantitative method was used in the first phase to gather data by utilizing a structured online questionnaire. This was followed by the second phase of qualitative methods to explain the findings of the first phase and enrich the data gathered. This phase was based on focus group discussions and document review. RESULTS: Student and faculty responses showed the curriculum contents to be relevant, informative, and appropriate as per learning objectives and student achievement. Multi-modal instructional methods used were stated to be effective and engaging; small group teaching and shorter sessions suggested to be preferable for fostering discussion and maintaining student engagement and attention. Large class formats were stated to be less effective. Students affirmed the contribution of bioethics education to their personal and professional development and ethical positioning. The majority of students agreed that the curriculum contributed to their knowledge acquisition (60.3-71.2%), skill development (59.41-60.30%) and demonstration of ethical/professional behavior (62.54-67.65%). The ranges indicate agreement with related sets of questions. Participants suggested that the curriculum could be further strengthened by better integration in clinical years, role modelling and providing opportunities for application in clinical health care settings. Moreover, topics like ethical issues related to the use of social media, public health ethics and ethics and law were suggested as additions to the existing curriculum. These findings have regional and global relevance for the development and assessment of effective bioethics curricula. CONCLUSION: An effective bioethics curriculum for undergraduate medical education should run longitudinally across the 5 year curriculum and be integrated in the modules and clerkships. Basic acquisition of knowledge and skills takes place in Years 1 & 2 with reinforcement and application in Years 3-5. Learning embedded in an integrated curriculum can help students recognize, critically analyze and address ethical dilemmas. Involvement and commitment of the clinical faculty is essential for reinforcing the ethical principles and concepts learnt in the earlier years.

The obligation of the physician to save the life of the detainee on a hunger strike: the opinion of the Italian National Bioethics Committee.

Abstract: The Cospito case has highlighted a widely debated bioethical issue regarding the need to choose between safeguarding the life of a detainee and their right to self-determination through the practice of a hunger strike. Recently, the Italian National Bioethics Committee has been called upon to give an opinion on this matter. On the other hand, the media resonance of this case has shed light on the need to pose an ethical and social question regarding such situations: does the physician have an obligation to protect the detainee's health at the expense of their free choice? To be able to answer, it is necessary to understand whether law no. 219/17 is applicable to this context.

Additional Steps for Maintaining Public Trust in the FDA.

This letter responds to the essay "Securing the Trustworthiness of the FDA to Build Public Trust in Vaccines," by Leah Z. Rand, Daniel P. Carpenter, Aaron S. Kesselheim, Anushka Bhaskar, Jonathan J. Darrow, and William B. Feldman, in the special report "Time to Rebuild: Essays on Trust in Health Care and Science," in the September-October 2023 issue of the Hastings Center Report.

Bios-Ethics and the Bios Emergency: Finding the Real Work.

This article presents a case for transforming traditional bioethics into "Bios-ethics." This exposition relies on three propositions: (1) the climate emergency is the "Bios emergency"; (2) in the Bios emergency, bioethics must be replaced by Bios-ethics; and (3) the top and overwhelming priority of Bios-ethics is to address the Bios emergency. Biocentrism, habitat, and environmental ethics are discussed in light of their contribution to the development of Bios-ethics, and potential lines of research in Bios-ethics are outlined. The urgency of undertaking substantive conceptual and practical innovations in response to our current danger is emphasized throughout.

Does Bioethics Need Ethical Theories?

The relationship between philosophy and bioethics remains a matter of perennial debate, but there does appear to be a consensus on one issue: whatever bioethics might want to borrow from philosophical ethics, it won't be normative theories. This essay argues that theories can have an important role to play in bioethics, though it might not be the one traditionally assumed by philosophers.

Research ethics and artificial intelligence for global health: perspectives from the global forum on bioethics in research.

BACKGROUND: The ethical governance of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in health care and public health continues to be an urgent issue for attention in policy, research, and practice. In this paper we report on central themes related to challenges and strategies for promoting ethics in research involving AI in global health, arising from the Global Forum on Bioethics in Research (GFBR), held in Cape Town, South Africa in November 2022. METHODS: The GFBR is an annual meeting organized by the World Health Organization and supported by the Wellcome Trust, the US National Institutes of Health, the UK Medical Research Council (MRC) and the South African MRC. The forum aims to bring together ethicists, researchers, policymakers, research ethics committee members and other actors to engage with challenges and opportunities specifically related to research ethics. In 2022 the focus of the GFBR was "Ethics of AI in Global Health Research". The forum consisted of 6 case study presentations, 16 governance presentations, and a series of small group and large group discussions. A total of 87 participants attended the forum from 31 countries around the world, representing disciplines of bioethics, AI, health policy, health professional practice, research funding, and bioinformatics. In this paper, we highlight central insights arising from GFBR 2022. RESULTS: We describe the significance of four thematic insights arising from the forum: (1) Appropriateness of building AI, (2) Transferability of AI systems, (3) Accountability for AI decision-making and outcomes, and (4) Individual consent. We then describe eight recommendations for governance leaders to enhance the ethical governance of AI in global health research, addressing issues such as AI impact assessments, environmental values, and fair partnerships. CONCLUSIONS: The 2022 Global Forum on Bioethics in Research illustrated several innovations in ethical governance of AI for global health research, as well as several areas in need of urgent attention internationally. This summary is intended to inform international and domestic efforts to strengthen research ethics and support the evolution of governance leadership to meet the demands of AI in global health research.

La objeción de conciencia en el ámbito sanitario: un equilibrio entre derechos y deberes / L’objecció de consciència en l'àmbit sanitari: un equilibri entre drets i deures / Conscientious objection in the healthcare domain: A balance between rights and responsibilities

La entrada en vigor de la Ley Orgánica 3/2021 sobre eutanasia en España (2021), ha propiciado un debate de relevancia en el ámbito de la bioética, como es el de la objeción de conciencia (OC) de los profesionales de la salud. Ahora bien, a pesar de que la literatura científica ha abordado esta cuestión, lo cierto es que la comprensión de los motivos subyacentes que impulsan a los profesionales a objetar no está del todo clara. Diversos autores han destacado que la OC halla sus fundamentos en creencias personales, ética profesional, aspectos emocionales y dinámicas del propio sistema. A su vez, se ha observado cómo hay posiciones diversas sobre la legitimidad de la OC, generando debates sobre su validez.Los objetivos de este artículo son revisar el concepto objeción de conciencia en el ámbito sanitario; analizar los factores que motivan este derecho; examinar las consecuencias de la OC en la carga asistencial de los profesionales no objetores; y explorar su posible conflicto ético con la justicia distributiva en la atención sanitaria. Por último, se reflexionará sobre la posibilidad de la OC institucional y sus posibles consecuencias en los derechos de pacientes y trabajadores.(AU)

L'entrada en vigor de la Llei Orgànica 3/2021 sobre l'eutanàsia a Espanya (2021) ha suscitat un debat rellevant en l'àmbit de la bioètica, com és el de l’objecció de consciència(OC) dels professionals de la salut. Tanmateix, malgrat que la literatura científica ha abordat aquesta qüestió, és cert que la comprensió dels motius subjacents que impulsen els professionals a objectar no està del tot clara. Diversos autors han destacatque l’OC troba els seus fonaments en creences personals, ètica professional, aspectes emocionals i dinàmiques del propi sistema. Al seu torn, s'ha observat com hi ha posicions diverses sobre la legitimitat de l’OC, generant debats sobre la seva validesa. Els objectius d'aquest article són revisar el concepte d’objecció de consciència en l'àmbit sanitari; analitzar els factors que motiven aquest dret; examinar les repercussions de l’OC en la càrrega assistencial dels professionals no objectors; i explorar el seu possible conflicte ètic amb la justícia distributiva en l'atenció sanitària. Finalment, es reflexionarà sobre la possibilitat de l’OC institucional i les seves possibles repercussions en els drets dels pacients i treballadors.(AU)

The enactment of Organic Law 3/2021 on euthanasia in Spain has sparked a significant debate in the field of bioethics, namely the issue of conscientious objection (CO) among healthcare professionals. However, despite the scientific literature addressing this matter, the understanding of the underlying reasons that drive professionals to object is not entirely clear. Several authors have highlighted that CO is rooted in personal beliefs, professional ethics, emotional aspects, and dynamics within the healthcare system. Simultaneously, there have been varying stances on the legitimacy of CO, leading to debates regarding its validity.The objectives of this article are to review the concept of conscientious objection in the healthcare context, analyze the factors motivating this right, examine the consequences of CO on the workload of non-objecting professionals, and explore its potential ethical conflict with distributive justice in healthcare. Finally, we will reflect on the possibility of institutional CO and its potential implications for the rights of patients and healthcare workers.(AU)

Bioética y democracia en la sociedad digital / Bioètica i democràcia a la societat digital / Bioethics and democracy in digital society

La sociedad contemporánea vive la revolución digital y la necesidad de reflexionar sobre la interacción entre los seres humanos y las tecnologías digitales. El auge de las tecnologías de inteligencia artificial y la algoritmización social ha planteado interrogantes sobre la indispensabilidad de la supervisión y el análisis ético de la información y los datos en Internet. Así como la necesidad de verificar la influencia de las plataformas digitales en el ejercicio de la ciudadanía. La bioética posibilita la investigación sobre los principios que se deben respetar en una sociedad democrática y digital. Resaltamos los principios de responsabilidad social y no discriminación con la intención de que los beneficios del uso tecnológico promuevan el bienestar y la calidad de vida de los menos favorecidos. Su objetivo es garantizar la supervivencia de la especie humana y la mejora de la protección de la vida de todos los seres vivos, animales y plantas. La reflexión bioética sobre el uso de la inteligencia artificial podría establecer la brújula moral que oriente el análisis de los conflictos éticos y la defensa de que a todos los seres humanos se les debe garantizar la igualdad de oportunidades y las condiciones para realizar plenamente su proyecto de vida.(AU)

La societat contemporània viu la revolució digital i la necessitat de reflexionar sobre la interacció entre els éssers humans i les tecnologies digitals. L'auge de les tecnologies d'intel·ligència artificial i la algoritmització social ha plantejat interrogants sobre la indispensabilitat de la supervisió i l'anàlisi ètic de la informació i les dades a Internet. Així com la necessitat de verificar la influència de les plataformes digitals en l'exercici de la ciutadania. La bioètica possibilita la recerca sobre els principis que es deuen respectar en una societat democràtica i digital. Destaquem els principis de responsabilitat social i no discriminació amb la intenció que els beneficis de l'ús tecnològic promoguin el benestar i la qualitat de vida dels menys afavorits. El seu objectiu és garantir la supervivència de l'espècie humana i la millora de la protecció de la vida de tots els éssers vius, animals i plantes. La reflexió bioètica sobre l'ús de la intel·ligència artificial podria establir la brúixola moral que orienti l'anàlisi dels conflictes ètics i la defensa que a tots els éssers humans se'ls ha de garantir la igualtat d'oportunitats i les condicionsper realitzar plenament el seu projecte de vida.(AU)

Contemporary society is going through the digital revolution and the need to reflect on the interaction between human beings and digital technologies. The rise of artificial intelligence technologies and social algorithmization has raised questions about the need for ethical monitoring and analysis of information and data on the Internet. As well as the need to verify the influence of digital platforms in the exercise of citizenship. Bioethics enables research on the principles that must be respected in a democratic and digital society. We highlight the principles of social responsibility and non-discrimination with the intention that the benefits of technological use promote the well-being and quality of life of the less favored. Its objective is to guarantee the survival of the human species and the improvement of the protection of the life of all living beings, animals, and plants. Bioethical reflection on the use of artificial intelligence could establish the moral compass that guides the analysis of ethical conflicts and the defense that all human beings must be guaranteed equal opportunities and the conditions to fully carry out their project of life.(AU)

La búsqueda de la felicidad en la literatura de autoayuda. Un desafío para la bioética / La cerca de la felicitat en la literatura d'autoajuda. Un desafiament per a la bioètica / The pursuit of happiness in self-help literature. A challenge for bioethics

Esta investigación propone el análisis de los posibles riesgos asociados al consumo de libros de autoayuda, donde hay una constante búsqueda inmediatista de soluciones a los problemas de la vida cotidiana. El trabajo se enmarca en la metodología de artículo teórico. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica en bases de datos científicas y de humanidades, además de considerar los antecedentes y el contexto relacionados con el tema abordado, seguido de un análisis de la información. Como resultado, se evidenció que existen riesgos asociados al uso de la autoayuda como método de solución para los problemas que afectan al sujeto contemporáneo en la sociedad, debido a la posibilidad de transgredir los principios de la bioética, además de la ausencia de implementaciónde los fundamentos acerca del alcance de la felicidad proporcionada por la neurociencia.(AU)

Aquesta investigació proposa l'anàlisi dels possibles riscos associats al consum de llibres d'autoajuda, on hi ha una constant cerca immediatista de solucions als problemes de la vida quotidiana. El treball s'emmarca en la metodologia d'article teòric. Es va realitzar una revisió bibliogràfica en bases de dades científiques i d'humanitats, a més de considerar els antecedents i el context relacionats amb el tema abordat, seguit d'un anàlisi de la informació. Com a resultat, es va evidenciar que existeixen riscos associats a l'ús de l'autoajuda com a mètode de solució per als problemes que afecten el subjecte contemporani en la societat, degut a la possibilitat de transgredir els principis de la bioètica, a més de l'absència d'implementació dels fonaments sobre l'abast de la felicitat proporcionada per la neurociència.(AU)

The aim of the present study is to analyze the possible risks associated with the consumption of self-help books, in which people are constantly looking for instant solutions to everyday life problems. The research is framed in the theoretical article methodology. A literature search was conducted in scientific and humanities databases, in addition to considering the background and context related to the proposed topic, followed by an analysis of the information. Results showed that the use of self-help as a method to solve problems affecting the contemporary subject in society has risks, due to the possibility of transgressing the principles of bioethics, and the failure to implement the foundations provided by neuroscience on the scope of happiness.(AU)

Privacidade e confidencialidade dos dados de pessoas idosas frente às tecnologias de monitoramento em saúde / Privacidad y confidencialidad de los datos de las personas mayores frente a las tecnologías de vigilancia de la salud / Privacitat i confidencialitat de les dades de las persones grans davant les tecnologies de vigilància de la salut / Privacy and data confidentiality of older people in the face of health monitoring technologies

O presente artigo discute os avanços e desafios das tecnologias de monitoramento em saúde de pessoas idosas e suas implicações na privacidade e confidencialidade dos dados coletados. Trata-se de estudo exploratório, fundamentado na literatura, com síntese narrativa. O texto contextualiza as demandas decorrentes do envelhecimento populacional e o uso de sensores e de outros dispositivos eletrônicos no monitoramento de atividades diárias de pessoas idosas em ambientes internos e externos. É importante ressaltar que os benefícios oferecidos pelas tecnologias não devem comprometer a privacidade e a confidencialidade dos dados. Para garantir isso, é necessário aprimorar os mecanismos regulatórios, estabelecendo padrões de segurança e princípios éticos para a proteção de dados pessoais, respeitando a privacidade e a confidencialidade dos dados.(AU)

L'article present discuteix els avenços i reptes de les tecnologies de monitoratge en salut de les persones majors i les seves implicacions en la privacitat i confidencialitat de les dades recopilades. Es tracta d'un estudi exploratori, fonamentat en la literatura, amb una síntesi narrativa. El text contextualitza les demandes derivades de l'envelliment de la població i l'ús de sensors i d'altres dispositius electrònics en el monitoratge de les activitats quotidianes de les persones majors en ambients interns i externs. És important destacar que els beneficis oferts per les tecnologies no han de comprometre la privacitat i la confidencialitat de les dades. Per garantir-ho, és necessari millorar els mecanismes reguladors, establint estàndards de seguretat i principis ètics pera la protecció de dades personals, respectant la privacitat i la confidencialitat de les dades.(AU)

El presente artículo discute los avances y desafíos de las tecnologías de monitorización en salud de personas mayores y sus implicaciones en la privacidad y confidencialidad de los datos recolectados. Se trata de un estudio exploratorio, fundamentado en la literatura, con síntesis narrativa. El texto contextualiza las demandas derivadas del envejecimiento poblacional y el uso de sensores y otros dispositivos electrónicos en la monitorización de actividades diarias de personas mayores en ambientes internos y externos. Es importante resaltar que los beneficios ofrecidos por las tecnologías no deben comprometer la privacidad y confidencialidad de los datos. Para garantizar esto, es necesario mejorar los mecanismos reguladores, estableciendo estándares de seguridad y principios éticos para la protección de datos personales, respetando la privacidad y confidencialidad de los dato.(AU)

This article discusses the advances and challenges of health monitoring technologies for elderly individuals and their implications on the privacy and confidentiality of collected data. It is an exploratory study grounded in the literature, with a narrative synthesis. The text contextualizes the demands arising from the aging population and the use of sensors and other electronic devices in monitoring daily activities of elderly people in both indoor and outdoor environments. It is important to emphasize that the benefits offered by these technologies should not compromise the privacy and confidentiality of the data. To ensure this, it is necessary to enhance regulatory mechanisms by establishing security standards and ethical principles for the protection of personal data, while respecting privacy and data confidentiality.(AU)

Direitos reprodutivos das mulheres submetidas à cesárea em Moçambique: uma revisão integrativa / Drets reproductius de les dones sotmeses a cesària a Moçambic: una revisió integradora / Derechos reproductivos de las mujeres sometidas a cesárea en Mozambique: una revisión integradora / Reproductive rights of women undergoing cesarean section in Mozambique: an integrative review

O presente artigo está voltado às questões referentes aos direitos reprodutivos e ao parto cesárea das mulheres em Moçambique. O objetivo foi analisar as ações/estratégias governamentais e não governamentais que visem a efetivação dos direitos reprodutivos das mulheres submetidas ao parto cesárea em Moçambique, discutindo sobre as fragilidades que configuram a violação desses direitos. Para tanto, foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura nas bases de dados Elsevier, GALE, PubMed, Web of Science e DOAJ a partir da combinação dos descritores cesarean section OR reproductive rights AND Mozambique. Depois de aplicadas as estratégias de inclusão e exclusão, resultaram 13 artigos elegíveis para elaboração do presente estudo. Os resultados apontam para a falta de aplicabilidade das ações governamentais que, apesar de existirem, ainda são ineficazes para que as mulheres de Moçambique tenham seus direitos reprodutivos garantidos e assistidos.(AU)

Aquest article es centra en qüestions relacionades amb els drets reproductius i el part per cesària de les dones a Moçambic. L'objectiu era analitzar les accions/estratègies tant governamentalscom no governamentals que busquen l'efectivitat dels drets reproductius de les dones sotmeses a cesària a Moçambic, discutint les debilitats que constitueixen la violació d'aquests drets. Per fer-ho, es va realitzar una revisió integradora de la literatura a les bases de dades Elsevier, GALE, PubMed, Web of Science i DOAJ a partir de la combinació dels descriptors cesarean section OR reproductive rights AND Mozambique. Després d'aplicar les estratègies d'inclusió i exclusió, es van obtenir 13 articles elegibles per a l'elaboració del present estudi. Els resultats assenyalen la manca d'aplicabilitat de les accions governamentals que, malgrat existir, encara són ineficaços per garantir i atendre els drets reproductius de les dones a Moçambic.(AU)

El presente artículo se centra en cuestiones relacionadas con los derechos reproductivos y el parto por cesárea de las mujeres en Mozambique. El objetivo fue analizar las acciones/estrategias gubernamentales y no gubernamentales que buscan la efectividad de los derechos reproductivos de las mujeres sometidas a cesárea en Mozambique, discutiendo las debilidades que constituyen la violación de estos derechos. Para ello, se realizó una revisión integradora de la literatura en las bases de datos Elsevier, GALE, PubMed, Web of Science y DOAJ a partir de la combinación de los descriptores cesarean section OR reproductive rights AND Mozambique. Después de aplicar las estrategias de inclusión y exclusión, se obtuvieron 13 artículos elegibles para la elaboración del presente estudio. Los resultados señalan la falta de aplicabilidad de las acciones gubernamentales que, a pesar de existir, aún son ineficaces para garantizary atender los derechos reproductivos de las mujeres en Mozambique.(AU)

This article addresses issues related to reproductive rights and cesarean delivery for women in Mozambique. The objective was to analyze governmental and non-governmental actions / strategies aimed at the realization of the reproductive rights of women submitted to cesarean delivery in Mozambique, discussing the weaknesses that constitute the violation of these rights. To this end, an integrative literature review was carried out in the Elsevier, GALE, PubMed, Web of Science and DOAJ databases based on the combination of the descriptors cesarean section OR reproductive rights AND Mozambique. After applying the inclusion and exclusion strategies, 14 articles were eligible for the preparation of this study. The results point to the lack of applicability of government actions that, although they exist, are still ineffective for women in Mozambique to have their reproductive rights fully guaranteed and assisted.(AU)