ABSTRACT
More and more dogs are legally entering the UK from overseas, bringing with them the risk of importing unusual parasites, some of which are zoonotic. Here, Ian Wright and colleagues describe three cases of parasitic worms found in Romanian dogs.
Subject(s)
Cestode Infections/veterinary , Communicable Diseases, Imported/veterinary , Dog Diseases/diagnosis , Pentastomida/physiology , Spirurida Infections/veterinary , Animals , Cestoda/isolation & purification , Cestode Infections/diagnosis , Cestode Infections/diagnostic imaging , Cestode Infections/parasitology , Communicable Diseases, Imported/diagnosis , Communicable Diseases, Imported/diagnostic imaging , Communicable Diseases, Imported/parasitology , Dog Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Dog Diseases/parasitology , Dogs , Female , Parasitic Diseases, Animal/diagnosis , Parasitic Diseases, Animal/diagnostic imaging , Parasitic Diseases, Animal/parasitology , Romania , Spirurida Infections/diagnosis , Spirurida Infections/diagnostic imaging , Spirurida Infections/parasitology , Thelazioidea/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
A 4-year-old, 20 kg, female mixed breed dog was referred to our Veterinary Teaching Hospital for severe respiratory distress. Thoracic ultrasonography revealed severe pleural effusion with multiple anechoic cystic structures within the fluid. Abdominal cavity presented few small and irregular cystic structures. Diagnosis of infection by larval stages of Mesocestoides spp. on the basis of a PCR approach was performed and therapy with oral fenbendazole was started. Due to an incomplete clinical response, the dog underwent to remove metacestodes cysts by surgical debridement. The dog showed no recurrence of clinical signs for 12 months after the surgery. Pleural larval cestodiasis should be added as a differential diagnosis in the list of diseases causing pleural effusion in dogs.
Subject(s)
Cestode Infections/veterinary , Dog Diseases/parasitology , Mesocestoides/isolation & purification , Pleural Effusion/veterinary , Animals , Anthelmintics/therapeutic use , Cestode Infections/diagnostic imaging , Cestode Infections/drug therapy , Dog Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Dog Diseases/drug therapy , Dogs , Female , Fenbendazole/therapeutic use , Larva , Mesocestoides/genetics , Pleural Effusion/parasitology , Pleural Effusion/surgery , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Ultrasonography/veterinaryABSTRACT
The incidence of parasitic infections is rising in developed countries and its diagnosis might be challenging. We present the case of a woman diagnosed with a tapeworm infection by capsule endsocopy. Capsule endoscopy may have a role when the microscopic stool examination is negative in patients with non-specific symptoms.
Subject(s)
Capsule Endoscopy , Cestode Infections/diagnostic imaging , Anthelmintics/therapeutic use , Cestode Infections/drug therapy , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Praziquantel/therapeutic useSubject(s)
Arachnoiditis/diagnostic imaging , Cestoda/isolation & purification , Cestode Infections/diagnostic imaging , Meningitis, Bacterial/diagnostic imaging , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification , Adult , Animals , Anticestodal Agents/therapeutic use , Arachnoiditis/complications , Cestode Infections/complications , Cestode Infections/drug therapy , Chronic Disease , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Lumbar Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging , Lumbar Vertebrae/microbiology , Meningitis, Bacterial/complications , RecurrenceABSTRACT
This survey describes the evolution in vivo of Coenurus cerebralis in small ruminants. At presentation, neurological signs and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) features were suggestive of multifocal or diffuse inflammatory reaction. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) captured the transition between the invasive and quiescent phase of the infection, revealing the concurrent presence of meningitis and small cysts. During the quiescent phase, in all animals, neurological symptoms disappeared, and cerebrospinal fluid was unremarkable while cysts grew progressively. Subsequently, the onset of neurological symptoms coincided with MRI signs of diffuse or localized increase of intracranial pressure, as confirmed by direct intracranial pressure measuring. All the animals had an excellent post-surgical recovery. This is the first report describing the evolution of coenurosis in vivo. Sequential imaging allowed describing interesting such as the death of some coenuri and different parasite growth rate in the same host.
Subject(s)
Central Nervous System Parasitic Infections/veterinary , Cestode Infections/pathology , Goat Diseases/pathology , Sheep Diseases/pathology , Animals , Central Nervous System Parasitic Infections/diagnostic imaging , Central Nervous System Parasitic Infections/pathology , Central Nervous System Parasitic Infections/surgery , Cerebrospinal Fluid/cytology , Cestode Infections/diagnostic imaging , Cestode Infections/surgery , Goat Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Goat Diseases/surgery , Goats , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Sheep , Sheep Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Sheep Diseases/surgery , Surgical Procedures, Operative , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Coenurosis, a rare zoonotic disease caused by the larval form of Taenia multiceps (bladderworm) is common in sheep rearing countries, but human infections are rare. Central nervous system involvement produces large giant sized cysts that radiologically closely mimic hydatid cysts. Most human infections resulting in cerebral coenuri have been reported from Europe and Africa. We report two cases of cerebral coenurosis from India, the first in a 55-year-old male presenting with a large cystic lesion in the right parietooccipital region and the second occurring in a 36-year-old male involving the left temporal trigonal region, that radiologically closely mimicked hydatid cyst. Histopathologic examination revealed characteristic features of coenuri with multiple protoscolices invaginating into a large cyst lined by outer cuticular layer. Awareness of this rare parasitic infestation is important to discriminate from the more common hydatid and giant cysticercal cysts.
Subject(s)
Brain Diseases/diagnosis , Brain Diseases/parasitology , Cestode Infections/diagnosis , Cestode Infections/pathology , Echinococcosis/diagnosis , Adult , Animals , Brain/diagnostic imaging , Brain/parasitology , Brain/pathology , Brain Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Cestode Infections/diagnostic imaging , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Taenia/isolation & purification , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
Peritoneal infections caused by Mesocestoides spp. are rare in dogs and cats. Little data exist on the role of abdominal ultrasonography for diagnosis and therapy management of the disease. We describe the ultrasonographic features of peritoneal cestodiasis in a dog and in a cat. In the dog, abdominal ultrasound allowed both a presumptive diagnosis and the collection of tissue samples to confirm peritoneal larval infection. Ultrasound was also very useful for therapy management. In the second patient the ultrasonographic features of tetrathyridial infection in a cat in which the parasite was observed as an incidental finding during ovariohysterectomy are described.
Subject(s)
Cat Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Cestode Infections/veterinary , Dog Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Mesocestoides/isolation & purification , Peritoneal Diseases/veterinary , Animals , Cats , Cestode Infections/diagnostic imaging , Diagnosis, Differential , Dogs , Female , Male , Peritoneal Diseases/diagnostic imaging , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
Parasitic infections are distributed worldwide and affect hundreds of millions of individuals-primarily those living in endemic areas or in regions with a high rate of immigration from endemic areas-causing significant morbidity and mortality. A broad spectrum of parasitic infections (eg, amebiasis, malaria, trypanosomiasis, ascariasis, strongyloidiasis, dirofilariasis, cystic echinococcosis, schistosomiasis, paragonimiasis) frequently affect the lungs, mediastinum, and thoracic wall, manifesting with abnormal imaging findings that often make diagnosis challenging. Although most of these infections result in nonspecific abnormalities, familiarity with their imaging features as well as their epidemiologic, clinical, and physiopathologic characteristics may be helpful to the radiologist in formulating an adequate differential diagnosis.
Subject(s)
Parasitic Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Cestode Infections/diagnostic imaging , Cestode Infections/epidemiology , Cestode Infections/parasitology , Humans , Nematode Infections/diagnostic imaging , Nematode Infections/epidemiology , Nematode Infections/parasitology , Parasitic Diseases/epidemiology , Parasitic Diseases/parasitology , Protozoan Infections/diagnostic imaging , Protozoan Infections/epidemiology , Protozoan Infections/parasitology , Radiography , Trematode Infections/diagnostic imaging , Trematode Infections/epidemiology , Trematode Infections/parasitology , Tropical MedicineABSTRACT
Intracranial infestation by the coenurus of the tapeworm Taenia multiceps is a rare occurrence in humans, with about 55 cases having been reported so far. Although most of these cases were observed in African or South American countries, the illness was occassionally found also in sheep-raising areas of Western Europe and the United States. Out of 4 personal cases, who were operated upon over an 18-year-period, 2 were neurologically intact respectively 20 and 3 years following surgical treatment. CT scans confirmed the absence of a progression of the disease. One patient was able to work 6 years after surgery, when he was killed in a road accident. A further, severely impaired patient remained unchanged and died with intercurrent infection 10 years following the operation.
Subject(s)
Brain Diseases/surgery , Cestode Infections/surgery , Adult , Brain Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Cestode Infections/diagnostic imaging , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Italy , Male , Middle Aged , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
Coenurus serialis, the intermediate stage of Taenia serialis, was the cause of progressive, fatal, intracranial disease in a 5-year-old cat. X-Ray computed tomographic findings were identical to those associated with intracranial parasitic cysts in people, in whom x-ray computed tomographic features are considered pathognomonic and superior to those of other diagnostic methods. The presumed source of the coenurus was the owner's dog.
Subject(s)
Brain Diseases/veterinary , Cat Diseases , Cestode Infections/veterinary , Animals , Brain Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Cat Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Cats , Cestode Infections/diagnostic imaging , Female , Taenia , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/veterinaryABSTRACT
During the period between November 1982 and April 1984, 11 sheep showing clinical signs of infection by Coenurus cerebralis were subjected to clinical and radiographical examinations, and subsequently treated surgically for removal of the cyst. A detailed account is given of the investigations carried out and of the surgical procedure adopted for the removal of the cyst together with cystographical and surgicopathological findings. There was a successful clinical response to the removal of the cyst.
Subject(s)
Cestode Infections/veterinary , Sheep Diseases/diagnosis , Animals , Cestode Infections/diagnosis , Cestode Infections/diagnostic imaging , Cestode Infections/surgery , Female , Male , Radiography , Sheep , Sheep Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Sheep Diseases/surgeryABSTRACT
Parasitic diseases are very common on a worldwide basis. In certain cases radiological features are of importance both for primary diagnosis and for detection of complications of infestation. This review concentrates on parasitic diseases of radiological interest.
Subject(s)
Parasitic Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Bone and Bones/diagnostic imaging , Calcinosis/diagnostic imaging , Cestode Infections/diagnostic imaging , Helminthiasis/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/diagnostic imaging , Intestine, Small/diagnostic imaging , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/diagnostic imaging , Protozoan Infections/diagnostic imaging , Radiography, Thoracic , Schistosomiasis/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Trematode Infections/diagnostic imagingABSTRACT
Tapeworm cyst infestations of the brain often present as diagnostic problems. The radiological appearances in proven cases are discussed with a brief review of the life cycle and clinical presentations.