ABSTRACT
This paper explores the question: is working as a child harmful to an individual in terms of adult outcomes in earnings? Although this is an extremely important question, little is known about the effect of child labor on adult outcomes. Estimations of an instrumental variables earnings model on data from Brazil show that child labor has a large negative impact on adult earnings for male children even when controlling for schooling and that the negative impact of starting to work as a child reverses at around ages 1214.
Subject(s)
Child Welfare , Education , Employment , Social Conditions , Socioeconomic Factors , Adolescent , Brazil/ethnology , Child , Child Advocacy/economics , Child Advocacy/education , Child Advocacy/history , Child Advocacy/legislation & jurisprudence , Child Advocacy/psychology , Child Welfare/economics , Child Welfare/ethnology , Child Welfare/history , Child Welfare/legislation & jurisprudence , Child Welfare/psychology , Developing Countries/economics , Developing Countries/history , Education/economics , Education/history , Education/legislation & jurisprudence , Employment/economics , Employment/history , Employment/legislation & jurisprudence , Employment/psychology , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Humans , Schools/economics , Schools/history , Schools/legislation & jurisprudence , Social Conditions/economics , Social Conditions/history , Social Conditions/legislation & jurisprudence , Socioeconomic Factors/history , Student Dropouts/education , Student Dropouts/history , Student Dropouts/legislation & jurisprudence , Student Dropouts/psychologyABSTRACT
This article intends to examine the conditions of the city of Rio de Janeiro, regarding the city's health safety of the living and housing condition of its workers, which helped bringing about the spread of tuberculosis in the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century. Evidencing the high incidence of tuberculosis at this time, it intends to verify the reasons for creating the Brazilian League Against Tuberculosis and its purpose, analyzing its project of assistance to children's health and its intervention to discipline, which resulted in the creation of the Dona Amélia Queen Reformatory.
Subject(s)
Child Welfare , Disease Outbreaks , Hospitals , Poverty Areas , Public Health Practice , Residence Characteristics , Tuberculosis , Brazil/ethnology , Child , Child Advocacy/economics , Child Advocacy/education , Child Advocacy/history , Child Advocacy/psychology , Child Health Services/economics , Child Health Services/history , Child Welfare/economics , Child Welfare/ethnology , Child Welfare/history , Child Welfare/psychology , Child, Preschool , Disease Outbreaks/economics , Disease Outbreaks/history , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , Hospitals/history , Humans , Organizations/economics , Organizations/history , Public Health Practice/economics , Public Health Practice/history , Social Class , Tuberculosis/economics , Tuberculosis/ethnology , Tuberculosis/history , Tuberculosis/psychology , Urban Health/history , Urban Population/history , Volunteers/education , Volunteers/history , Volunteers/psychology , Workplace/economics , Workplace/history , Workplace/psychologySubject(s)
Child Advocacy , Child Welfare , Exhibitions as Topic , Government Programs , Public Policy , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil/ethnology , Child , Child Advocacy/economics , Child Advocacy/education , Child Advocacy/history , Child Advocacy/legislation & jurisprudence , Child Advocacy/psychology , Child Health Services/economics , Child Health Services/history , Child Health Services/legislation & jurisprudence , Child Welfare/economics , Child Welfare/ethnology , Child Welfare/history , Child Welfare/legislation & jurisprudence , Child Welfare/psychology , Child, Preschool , Family Relations/ethnology , Family Relations/legislation & jurisprudence , Government/history , Government Programs/economics , Government Programs/education , Government Programs/history , Government Programs/legislation & jurisprudence , History, 20th Century , Humans , Public Health/economics , Public Health/education , Public Health/history , Public Health/legislation & jurisprudence , Social Welfare/economics , Social Welfare/ethnology , Social Welfare/history , Social Welfare/legislation & jurisprudence , Social Welfare/psychologyABSTRACT
El presente documento agrupa los artículos de la convención sobre los Derechos de la Niñez en cinco categorias: A)Derechos Civiles y libertades, b)Medio familiar, c)Educación, recreación y actividades culturales y e) Protección especial. Para cad grupo de artículos, se identificaron los temas de mayor interés para analizar la situación de los niños y las niñas nicaragüenses, procediendocon el análisis a partir de los datos y documentos disponibles en el país...