Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction: a retrospective review of the surgical outcomes.

PURPOSE: Limited data exist regarding the surgical outcomes of acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (ACPO), commonly referred to as Ogilvie syndrome, in modern clinical practice. The prevailing belief is that surgery should be avoided due to previously reported high mortality rates. We aimed to describe the surgical results of ACPO treated within our institution. METHODS: Our prospectively maintained colorectal surgery registry was queried for patients diagnosed with ACPO, who underwent surgery between 2009 and 2022. Postoperative complications were graded according to Clavien-Dindo (CD) classification. The primary outcome was postoperative mortality. RESULTS: A total of 32 patients who underwent surgery for ACPO were identified. Overall, nonoperative therapy was initially administered to 21 patients (65.6%). The surgeries performed included total abdominal colectomy (15, 43.1%), ascending colectomy with end ileostomy (8, 25%), transverse colostomy (5, 15.6%), ileostomy and transverse colostomy (3, 9.4%), and Hartmann's operation (1, 3.1%). Severe postoperative complications (CD grade 3 or 4) occurred in five patients (15.6%). No recurrence of ACPO was observed and no patient required reoperation. The average postoperative length of stay was 14.5 days, 30-day mortality was 6.3% (n = 2), and 90-day mortality was 15.6% (n = 5) due to complications of underlying comorbidities. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical treatment was effective for patients with ACPO refractory to medical therapy or presenting with acute complications. Although postoperative complications were frequent, both the 30- and 90-day mortality rates were lower than previously documented in the literature. Further investigations are warranted to determine the optimal surgical strategy, which may involve total or segmental colectomy, or diversion alone without resection.

Colonic Decompression Reduces Proximal Acute Colonic Pseudo-obstruction and Related Symptoms.

BACKGROUND: Colonoscopic decompression is performed in inpatients for management of acute colonic pseudo-obstruction. Evidence for its efficacy is limited to small descriptive studies published before the use of neostigmine for acute colonic pseudo-obstruction. Furthermore, therapeutic end points were not defined. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to compare the effectiveness of colonic decompression with standard medical therapy (supportive and pharmacologic therapy) to standard medical therapy alone. DESIGN: This is a retrospective, propensity-matched study. SETTING: The study was conducted at a tertiary care center. PATIENTS: Inpatients with first diagnosis of acute colonic pseudo-obstruction between 2000 and 2016 were selected. INTERVENTIONS: The intervention group received colonic decompression as well as supportive and/or pharmacologic therapy. The control group did not receive colonic decompression. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was the resolution of overall colonic dilation on imaging 48 hours following colonic decompression or the initiation of standard medical therapy alone. Secondary outcomes included symptom improvement, colonic segment diameter percentage change, perforation, 30-day readmission, and all-cause mortality. RESULTS: The standard medical therapy and colonic decompression groups included 61 and 83 patients. Of the patients who underwent colonic decompression, 47.7% had complete resolution of acute colonic pseudo-obstruction versus 19.9% of patients who underwent standard medical therapy (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in mid or distal colon diameter reduction between groups. The 30-day readmission rate was 15.7% in the colonic decompression group versus 26.2% in the standard medical therapy group. No immediate adverse events were noted in either group. Thirty-day all-cause mortality was 8.4% for the colonic decompression group and 14.8% in the standard medical therapy group. LIMITATIONS: The study was a retrospective review on a highly comorbid population. CONCLUSIONS: Colonic decompression is effective compared to standard medical therapy alone for proximal colonic dilation or symptoms associated with acute colonic pseudo-obstruction. On segmental analysis, colonic decompression does not provide any additional benefit over standard medical therapy in improving transverse or distal colonic dilation. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B32. LA DESCOMPRESIÓN COLÓNICA REDUCE LA PSEUDOOBSTRUCCIÓN COLÓNICA AGUDA PROXIMAL Y LOS SÍNTOMAS RELACIONADOS.: La descompresión colonica se realiza en pacientes hospitalizados para el tratamiento de la pseudoobstrucción colónica aguda. La evidencia de su eficacia se limita a pequeños estudios descriptivos antes del uso de neostigmina para la pseudoobstrucción colónica aguda. Además, los puntos finales terapéuticos no se definieron.El objetivo fue comparar la efectividad de la descompresión colónica mas el tratamiento médico estándar (tratamiento de apoyo y farmacológico) contra el tratamiento médico estándar solamente.Este es un estudio retrospectivo de propensión coincidente.El estudio se realizó en un centro de atención de tercer nivel.Pacientes hospitalizados con diagnóstico de pseudoobstrucción colónica aguda entre 2000 y 2016.El grupo de intervención recibió descompresión colónica, así como tratamiento de apoyo o farmacológica. El grupo control no recibió descompresión colónica.La medida de resultado primaria fue la resolución de la dilatación colónica general en la imagen 48 horas después de la descompresión colónica o el inicio del tratamiento médico estándar solo. Los resultados secundarios incluyeron mejoría de los síntomas, cambio porcentual en el diámetro del segmento colónico, perforación, reingreso a los 30 días y mortalidad por cualquier causa.La terapia médica estándar y los grupos de descompresión colónica incluyeron 61 y 83 pacientes, respectivamente. El 47,7% de los pacientes con descompresión colónica tuvieron una resolución completa de la pseudoobstrucción colónica aguda frente al 19,9% de los pacientes con terapia médica estándar (p < 0,001). No hubo diferencias significativas en la reducción del diámetro del colon medio o distal entre los grupos. La tasa de reingreso a los 30 días fue del 15,7% en el grupo de descompresión colónica frente al 26,2% en el grupo de tratamiento médico estándar. No se observaron eventos adversos inmediatos en ninguno de los dos grupos. La mortalidad por cualquier causa a los 30 días fue del 8.4% para la descompresión del colon y del 14.8% en los grupos de terapia médica estándar.El estudio fue una revisión retrospectiva en una población altamente comórbida.La descompresión colónica es efectiva en comparación con el tratamiento médico estándar solo para la dilatación del colon proximal o los síntomas asociados con la pseudoobstrucción colónica aguda. En el análisis segmentario, la descompresión colónica no proporciona ningún beneficio adicional sobre el tratamiento médica estándar para mejorar la dilatación colónica transversal o distal. Vea el resumen del video en http://links.lww.com/DCR/B32.

[Conservative and surgical ileus treatment]. / Konservative und operative Therapie des Ileus.

The diagnosis ileus is one of the most common indications for an emergency laparotomy. In 70% of the cases, the small intestine is affected, and in 30% it is the colorectum. While stuck hernias are a major cause in developing countries, the most common causes in western countries are postoperative adhesions that lead to an acute bowl obstruction. The timeframe for treatment of a complete mechanical obstruction is short as acute ischemia can lead to necrosis with bowl perforation within 6 h. The perioperative lethality for an emergency laparotomy due to an ileus ranges from 5-15%. In addition to the mechanical ileus, primary and secondary paralytic ileus is important in the differential diagnosis. As the genesis of postoperative ileus is multifactorial, a multimodal concept is required for successful treatment.

[Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction: Ogilvie syndrome]. / Akute Kolonpseudoobstruktion: Ogilvie-Syndrom.

Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (ACPO) is characterized by marked colonic dilatation which develops over several days. ACPO is due to a motility disorder and is not caused by colonic obstruction and occurs in patients with severe, often acute underlying diseases or postoperatively. It is associated with a 25-30% mortality overall that increases to up to 50% in patients who develop complications (e.g. colonic ischemia and perforation). The pathogenesis of the disorder has not yet been clarified and clinical symptoms and signs are relatively unspecific. In particular, ACPO has to be differentiated from colonic obstruction and toxic megacolon. For this blood tests and radiological tests are required, e.g. plain abdominal radiograph, abdominal computed tomography (CT) and water soluble contrast enema, which are also required for detection of complications. Patients with ACPO should generally receive supportive therapy for decompression of the gastrointestinal tract (e.g. gastric and rectal tubes) and to minimize predisposing factors. In most uncomplicated cases this leads to resolution of colonic dilatation. Clinical and radiological controls at close intervals are required until the condition is resolved. If patients do not respond within 1-2 days or if ACPO has already reached a critical duration (>3-4 days) or extent (i.e. cecal diameter ≥12 cm), neostigmine should be administered and leads to durable success in approximately 3 out of 4 patients. Patients who are still refractory to treatment should receive endoscopic decompression. More invasive therapeutic options, such as cecostomy or (segmental) colonic resection should only be considered for patients who still do not respond to treatment or present with the abovementioned complications.

Colorectal stenting for colonic obstruction: the indications, complications, effectiveness and outcome--5 year review.

INTRODUCTION: Currently self-expanding metallic stents are being used for palliation and acute decompression of colonic obstruction. The aim of this study is to review our experience of using these metallic stents over a 5-year period. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Case records of 102 patients who had colorectal stenting between 1998 and 2004 were reviewed retrospectively. The indications for colorectal stenting, efficacy of the procedure in relieving the obstruction, complications and clinical outcome were analysed. RESULTS: Ninety-nine patients had malignant disease and in three patients a benign cause of obstruction was demonstrated. All procedures were performed during normal working hours. Stenting was technically successful in 87 patients (85%). A single stent was placed in 80 patients. Seven patients required two stents. Of the successful cases, 67 had stents placed by fluoroscopy alone and 20 by a combined fluoroscopy/endoscopy procedure. Four percent had early complications (within 30 days) which included four perforations. There were late complications (over 30 days) in 9% which included five stent migrations, two blocked stents and one colovesical fistula. Ninety percent (n=76) of the successful patients needed no further radiological or surgical intervention later. Survival ranged from 14 days to 2 years. CONCLUSION: Colorectal stenting when technically successful is an effective procedure for both preoperative and palliative decompression of colonic obstruction.

A new approach to the cure of the Ogilvie's syndrome.

The Authors describe a their own observation of 25 cases of acute colonic pseudo obstruction, better known as "Ogilvie Syndrome" with the objective to demonstrate that an early recognition and prompt appropriate therapy, better if conservative, can reduce the morbidity and the mortality of the Syndrome. The surgical therapy is reserved only to that cases in which the risk of perforation of the cecum represent an absolute indication to intervention.

[Ogilvie syndrome in the elderly: retrospective study of 40 cases]. / Syndrome d'Ogilvie chez la personne âgée: étude rétrospective de 40 cas.

OBJECTIVE: To assess, in a population of elderly patients, the circumstances clinical and progressive characteristics and form of management of an acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (ACPO). METHOD: Retrospective study of the files of 40 patients aged 70 and more having presented an acute colonic pseudo-obstruction and hospitalised in the university hospital in Dijon from January 1995 to June 2000. RESULTS: The population was composed of 24 men (60%) and 16 women (40%) with a mean age of 80.8 years. The reasons for hospitalisation were varied: only 15 patients had been referred for an occlusive syndrome. 39 patients presented with abdominal distension, 30 suffered from abdominal pain. In this population, 17 patients exhibited reduced or clearly limited mobility, 20 patients had altered cognitive capacity with an MMS < 20. Thirty-eight patients suffered from a progressive heart disease and 8 patients presented with advanced dementia. The usual treatment of these patients to help the intestinal transit included diuretics in 25 cases and agents slowing the transit in 19 cases. Biologically speaking, hypokalaemia was observed in 21 cases and increased thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in 3 cases. An image was obtained of the abdomen without preparation in all patients: the mean caecum diameter was of 9.8 cm. A colon aspiration was performed in 20 patients and molecules to improve peristaltism were administered in 21 cases, with neostigmine prescribed for 9 patients. Surgery was required for 7 patients and 3 of them subsequently died. In terms of progression, 20 patients were cured after treatment, 13 relapsed and 7 patients worsened. Unfortunately, 10 patients died in our series. DISCUSSION: In our study, the clinical profiles of acute colonic pseudo-obstruction were similar to those described in the literature: they occurred in varying circumstances, in medical or surgical settings ina predominantly male population of elderly, heavily dependent,patients. Treatment of this affection is not clearly codified for fragile patients with multiple diseases and the mortality rate observed should stimulate further studies, notably on pharmacological level.

Isquemia colónica grave: factores pronósticos y tratamiento / Grave colonic ischemia: prognostic factors and treatment

Antecedentes: Si bien la isquemia intestinal aguda representa sólo el 0,9 por ciento de los casos hospitalizados por abdomen agudo, su alta morbimortalidad convierte a esta afección en un verdadero desafío para internistas y cirujanos. Objetivos: Evaluar en forma retrospectiva nuestra casuística, analizando los principales aspectos referidos al diagnóstico, los factores predisponentes con su eventual injerencia pronóstica y el tratamiento realizado. Material y métodos: Se presentan 22 casos de isquemia colónica aguda, operados en el Servicio de Cirugía General y Coloproctología de la Clínica Modelo de Lanús entre Enero de 1995 y Diciembre de 2000. Se analizaron los factores predisponentes y la extensión de la isquemia hallada en la cirugía, como posibles factores predictivos de mortalidad. Resultados: La edad promedio fue de 78 años con un rango entre 70 y 86. La causa de la isquemia fue en diecinueve de los 22 casos atribuida a hipoflujo y en tres ocasiones a la cirugía aórtica de urgencia. El hallazgo operatorio en 8 pacientes fue isquemia total del colon (36,4 por ciento) y en 14 segmentaria (63,6 por ciento). Sólo la extensión de la necrosis presentó tendencia a la significación estadística como factor predictivo de mortalidad (p=0.192). La morbilidad fue del 72.7 por ciento y la mortalidad alcanzó el 63.6 por ciento (14 casos) como consecuencia de falla múltiple de órganos y sistemas por sepsis no controlada. Conclusiones: Se puede afirmar que el advenimiento de métodos de estudio más complejos no ha modificado la evolución natural de las isquemias colónicas graves, disminuir su alta morbimortalidad aún depende del conocimiento y la sagacidad médica.

Isquemia colónica grave: factores pronósticos y tratamiento / Grave colonic ischemia: prognostic factors and treatment

Antecedentes: Si bien la isquemia intestinal aguda representa sólo el 0,9 por ciento de los casos hospitalizados por abdomen agudo, su alta morbimortalidad convierte a esta afección en un verdadero desafío para internistas y cirujanos. Objetivos: Evaluar en forma retrospectiva nuestra casuística, analizando los principales aspectos referidos al diagnóstico, los factores predisponentes con su eventual injerencia pronóstica y el tratamiento realizado. Material y métodos: Se presentan 22 casos de isquemia colónica aguda, operados en el Servicio de Cirugía General y Coloproctología de la Clínica Modelo de Lanús entre Enero de 1995 y Diciembre de 2000. Se analizaron los factores predisponentes y la extensión de la isquemia hallada en la cirugía, como posibles factores predictivos de mortalidad. Resultados: La edad promedio fue de 78 años con un rango entre 70 y 86. La causa de la isquemia fue en diecinueve de los 22 casos atribuida a hipoflujo y en tres ocasiones a la cirugía aórtica de urgencia. El hallazgo operatorio en 8 pacientes fue isquemia total del colon (36,4 por ciento) y en 14 segmentaria (63,6 por ciento). Sólo la extensión de la necrosis presentó tendencia a la significación estadística como factor predictivo de mortalidad (p=0.192). La morbilidad fue del 72.7 por ciento y la mortalidad alcanzó el 63.6 por ciento (14 casos) como consecuencia de falla múltiple de órganos y sistemas por sepsis no controlada. Conclusiones: Se puede afirmar que el advenimiento de métodos de estudio más complejos no ha modificado la evolución natural de las isquemias colónicas graves, disminuir su alta morbimortalidad aún depende del conocimiento y la sagacidad médica. (AU)

Long-term outcome of congenital intestinal pseudoobstruction.

We evaluated 85 children with congenital chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction (CIP) over the past 10 years. Twelve (14%) were born prematurely. One had a family history of CIP. Six had systemic diseases. Thirty-five (41%) had urinary bladder involvement. Manometric features were consistent with myopathy in 32, neuropathy in 48, and mixed disease in 5. Of 48 patients with neuropathy, 6 had urinary bladder involvement (12.5%) (P < 0.0001 vs myopathy), and 10 had malrotation (21%) (P = NS vs myopathy). Upon referral, 53 (62%) were dependent on partial or total parenteral nutrition (PN). At the time of chart review (median 25 months after evaluation), 22 patients had died, 14 of whom were on total PN, 13 of them died because of PN-related complications and 1 died of sepsis. Three others died of sepsis while on partial PN (P = 0.007 vs mortality in patients fed enterally) and five died after small bowel transplantation. In conclusion, in children with congenital CIP, the risk for prematurity is increased twofold, the majority of cases are sporadic, abnormal bladder function is more common in myopathic CIP, and complications related to parenteral nutrition are the main cause of death in children with CIP.

[Clinical differences between surgically treated patients with large bowel obstruction in the cities of Van and Istanbul]. / Van ve Istanbul illerinde cerrahi tedavi uygulanan akut kalin barsak tikanmali olgular arasindaki klinik farklar.

BACKGROUNDS AND AIMS: Geographical differences between cases of colonic obstructions affect clinical course and outcome of patients. We aimed to establish regional clinical differences between patients with colonic obstruction from eastern and western regions of Turkey. METHODS: We retrospectively analysed 224 patients with colonic obstruction who were surgically treated in two hospital situated in Istanbul from western and in Van from eastern regions of Turkey. This analysis was made in respect of demographic features, causes of obstruction and location in the colon, complicated obstructions, postoperative clinical course and mortality. RESULTS: Men constituted 71.4% of patients with a mean age of 55.5 years. Obstruction site was the left colon in 82.5% and the sigmoid in 66% of patients from western region, and 91.7% (p = 0.03), and 85% (p = 0.007) respectively of those from eastern region. The leading causes of obstruction were obstructive cancer (52.5%) in Istanbul and volvulus (80.2%) Van respectively (p < 0.001). The colonic obstruction was complicated in 22% of patients. The rate of complicated obstruction was 17.5% and 26.4% (p = 0.07) in Van respectively. The overall postoperative mortality was found as 12.9%. The mortality being 8.6% in simple obstruction raised to 28% (p = 0.008) in complicated patients. CONCLUSIONS: We found significant differences in colonic obstruction cases between eastern and western parts of Turkey. The incidence of complicated obstruction is bigger in eastern region. A considerable mortality arises in surgically treated patients with colonic obstruction. Postoperative mortality was significantly elevated in cases of obstruction complicated by strangulation, necrosis, and perforation.

Síndrome de Ogilvie: a propósito de un caso / Ogilvies syndrome: a case report

Se analiza una paciente que presenta Síndrome de Ogilvie (Pseudoobstrucción Colónica), después del drenaje percutáneo de un Pseudoquiste Pancreático. Se mencionan diferentes cuadros clínicos que se han complicado con este síndrome, como también las manifestaciones clínicas, los métodos de diagnóstico y las posibilidades terapéuticas. En la literatura consultada no ha sido encontrado el drenaje de un Pseudoquiste como etiología del Síndrome de Ogilvie. (AU)

Síndrome de Ogilvie: a propósito de un caso / Ogilvie's syndrome: a case report

Se analiza una paciente que presenta Síndrome de Ogilvie (Pseudoobstrucción Colónica), después del drenaje percutáneo de un Pseudoquiste Pancreático. Se mencionan diferentes cuadros clínicos que se han complicado con este síndrome, como también las manifestaciones clínicas, los métodos de diagnóstico y las posibilidades terapéuticas. En la literatura consultada no ha sido encontrado el drenaje de un Pseudoquiste como etiología del Síndrome de Ogilvie.

Use of pelvic flexure biopsies to predict survival after large colon torsion in horses.

OBJECTIVE: To determine if morphologic evaluation of intraoperative biopsies of the large colon could be used to accurately predict outcome in horses with large colon torsion. STUDY DESIGN: Clinical study. ANIMALS: Fifty-four horses with large colon torsion. METHODS: A full-thickness biopsy was collected from the pelvic flexure of the ascending colon after correction of naturally occurring colonic torsion. Morphologic changes were evaluated and graded for interstitial tissue to crypt ratio (I:C ratio), percentage loss of superficial and glandular epithelium, and the degree of hemorrhage and edema. These variables were then used to predict survival. RESULTS: Morphologic variables could be used to correctly predict survival or death in 51 horses (P < .0001). This corresponded to a sensitivity of 95.1% (82.2%-99.2%; 95% CI) and a specificity of 92.3% (62.0%-99.6%; 95% CI). Of 6 horses that had colonic resection, 5 survived; an accurate prediction of outcome based on morphologic criteria was made for each horse. CONCLUSIONS: Interpretation of changes in colonic morphology can be used to accurately predict postoperative survival in horses with large colon torsion. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Use of frozen colonic tissue sections is a rapid, reliable, and relatively inexpensive method for assessing morphologic damage associated with large colon torsion during surgery. Intraoperative evaluation of pelvic flexure biopsies can aid in the prediction of survival and guide surgical judgment as to the need for colonic resection.

[Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction or Ogilvie syndrome]. / Pseudoocluzia acuta a colonului sau sindrom Ogilvie (P.A.C.). Observatii pe baza a 7 cazuri operate în intervalul 1985-1995.

Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction is a clinical condition with the symptoms, signs and radiological appearances of acute large bowel obstruction but without any apparent mechanical cause. The mortality rate for patients undergoing surgery was 57%. The incidence of caecal-perforation was 1 for 7 patients. The pathogenesis of the syndrome is unknown but in more then 80% of cases many conditions that have been associated with this syndrome. The efficacy of prepulsid agents for the treatment of syndrome remains to be assessed in a controlled study. In our patients clinical observation, radiologic studies and direct observation during several hours of surgery had shown a complete lack of propulsive motility within of the large bowel. This can be related to the ganglionitis and later to the aganglionosis of the mesenteric plexus.

Pseudobstrucción aguda de colon (síndrome de Ogilvie) / Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (Ogilvie' syndrome)

Informe de tres casos y revisión de la literatura sobre el síndrome de pseudobstrucción aguda de colon. Este estudio presenta 3 casos, sexo femenino, entre 21 y 35 años, postcesarea, con signos y síntomas comunes con progresión a abdomen agudo oclusivo, entre 3 y 6 días de evolución. La condición de ausencia de causa obstructiva mecánica fue estudiada en 2 casos por colon por enema a baja presión. El tratamiento en 100 por ciento de los casos fue quirúrgico, encontrándose perforación cecal, (c1, c2, c3), de colon ascendente (c3) y de transverso (c3). La mortalidad fue del 33.33 por ciento (un caso). Se revisan los tratamientos descriptos en la literatura

Pseudobstrucción aguda de colon (síndrome de Ogilvie) / Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (Ogilvie syndrome)

Informe de tres casos y revisión de la literatura sobre el síndrome de pseudobstrucción aguda de colon. Este estudio presenta 3 casos, sexo femenino, entre 21 y 35 años, postcesarea, con signos y síntomas comunes con progresión a abdomen agudo oclusivo, entre 3 y 6 días de evolución. La condición de ausencia de causa obstructiva mecánica fue estudiada en 2 casos por colon por enema a baja presión. El tratamiento en 100 por ciento de los casos fue quirúrgico, encontrándose perforación cecal, (c1, c2, c3), de colon ascendente (c3) y de transverso (c3). La mortalidad fue del 33.33 por ciento (un caso). Se revisan los tratamientos descriptos en la literatura

[Ogilvie's syndrome or colonic pseudo-obstruction. Apropos of 26 cases]. / Syndrome d'Ogilvie ou de pseudo-obstruction colique. A propos de 26 observations.

From twenty six personal cases, the authors make a review of the literature. 92% of their cases are met in a post operative (28%), neurological (28%), general (24%) context, or in intensive care with assisted ventilation (36%). The major symptom is the meteorism (100%) with in one out of three cases, abdominal pain, vomiting, right iliac defense, absence of bowel sounds. Radiological distension involves mostly the right colon and the coecum (28%), right and transverse colon (40), sometimes the whole colon (32%). The mean diameter of the coecum reached 12 cm (9 to 25 cm). Early coloscopy was mandatory in 20 patients, of which 14 were cured, 13 patients were operated on, for suspicion of ischemia or perforation, because incertain diagnosis, or failure of colonoscopy. Ceocostomy or right hemicolectomy (55%) were performed rather than transverse colostomy. The surgical approach must be adapted to the anatomical lesions. Total mortality was 4% in this series. Early diagnosis of pseudo obstruction, early colonoscopy with intubation must allow to avoid surgery.

Endoscopic decompression for acute colonic pseudo-obstruction.

BACKGROUND: Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction is often treated by colonoscopic decompression. Efficacy, safety, and outcome of endoscopic decompression was assessed. METHODS: Colonoscopic decompressions from 1988 to 1994 were reviewed. Resolution without further endoscopic intervention was defined as clinical success. RESULTS: Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction was diagnosed in 50 patients. Thirty-three cases followed surgery or trauma and 17 developed during severe medical illness. Orthopedic joint surgery was most common. Nineteen of 50 patients (38%) had severe underlying medical disease. Forty-one patients (82%) had one colonoscopic decompression with clinical success in 39 (95%). Nine patients (18%) required multiple (2 to 4) colonoscopic decompressions with clinical success in 5 (56%). A decompression tube positioned in the right colon (57%) and in the transverse colon (33%) had similar clinical success. In 8 procedures a decompression tube was not placed, with poor clinical success (25%). The overall clinical success of colonoscopic decompression was 88% (44 of 50). An endoscopic perforation occurred in 1 patient (2%). Overall hospital mortality was 30%. CONCLUSIONS: Colonoscopic decompression is effective and safe for acute colonic pseudo-obstruction that does not respond to conservative therapy. Most patients will respond to one colonoscopic decompression with decompression tube placement. Complete colonoscopy and cecal tube placement is unnecessary.

[Ogilvie's syndrome in surgical patients]. / Sindrom Ogilvi u khirurgicheskikh bol'nykh.

On the basis of the analysis of observation of 24 patients, the causes and mechanisms of the Ogilvie syndrome development after the operation were studied. The incidence of occurrence of the syndrome in 1615 patients with acute ileus has been established. Its clinical forms, methods for diagnosis and treatment were studied.