ABSTRACT
Se presenta a una paciente con antecedentes de tratamiento quirúrgico hace dos años para la elevación del párpado superior por ptosis palpebral derecha, quien exhibía retracción palpebral izquierda, aparentemente secundaria a la cirugía de ptosis, que dejaba expuesta ampolla de filtración por trabeculectomía previa, la cual le causaba molestias permanentes y la limitaba a realizar sus actividades diarias, cuadro clínico que se constató a las 24 horas en el posoperatorio. Se remitió a nuestro Centro y se discutió en colectivo. Se decidió realizar nueva cirugía de la ptosis derecha y tarsorrafia izquierda, con lo que se logró corrección de la ptosis derecha y recubrimiento de la bula de filtración del ojo izquierdo. Se mantuvo asintomática hasta los 3 meses del posoperatorio en que apareció con retracción palpebral izquierda recurrente. Se evaluó nuevamente y se decidió, por la edad de la paciente y los antecedentes de reintervenciones en ambos ojos así como el riesgo de complicación de cirugía filtrante, aplicar toxina botulínica en el párpado superior, 3 cc equivalente a 7 U. Con la aplicación de la toxina botulínica se logró la caída del párpado superior izquierdo, lo que permitió cubrir la bula de filtración, y desapareció la sintomatología. La toxina botulínica, a pesar de tener un efecto transitorio, constituye una buena opción en los pacientes con retracción palpebral en quienes otros tratamientos no han sido satisfactorios(AU)
A female patient with a history of surgical treatment for eyelid ptosis is reported. Two years before, she was operated on for correction of upper eyelid due to right eyelid ptosis, but now she presented left eyelid retraction, apparently secondary to ptosis surgery, which exposed a filtering bleb caused by previous traveculectomy. This condition caused permanent disturbances and restricted her daily activities, a clinical picture that was confirmed 24 hours after the surgery. She was sent to our center and the case was collectively discussed. It was decided to perform a new surgery to correct right ptosis and left tarsoraphy. The result was correction of right ptosis and coating of the filtering bleb in the left eye. She remained asymptomatic for three months in the postoperative period, but recurrent left eyelid retraction occurred. She was re-evaluated and it was decided, due to the patient´s age and the history of resurgeries in both eyes in addition to the risk of filtering surgery complications, to apply botulinum toxin in the upper eyelid at a dose of 3cc equal to 7 U. The administration of botulinum toxin allows fall of the left upper eyelid and covering of the filtering bleb, thus symptoms disappeared. Despite its transient effect, botulinum toxic is a good option for patients with eyelid retraction who had not achieved satisfactory results with other types of treatment(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Blepharoptosis/surgery , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/therapeutic use , Conditioning, Eyelid , Trabeculectomy/adverse effectsABSTRACT
Se presenta a una paciente con antecedentes de tratamiento quirúrgico hace dos años para la elevación del párpado superior por ptosis palpebral derecha, quien exhibía retracción palpebral izquierda, aparentemente secundaria a la cirugía de ptosis, que dejaba expuesta ampolla de filtración por trabeculectomía previa, la cual le causaba molestias permanentes y la limitaba a realizar sus actividades diarias, cuadro clínico que se constató a las 24 horas en el posoperatorio. Se remitió a nuestro Centro y se discutió en colectivo. Se decidió realizar nueva cirugía de la ptosis derecha y tarsorrafia izquierda, con lo que se logró corrección de la ptosis derecha y recubrimiento de la bula de filtración del ojo izquierdo. Se mantuvo asintomática hasta los 3 meses del posoperatorio en que apareció con retracción palpebral izquierda recurrente. Se evaluó nuevamente y se decidió, por la edad de la paciente y los antecedentes de reintervenciones en ambos ojos así como el riesgo de complicación de cirugía filtrante, aplicar toxina botulínica en el párpado superior, 3 cc equivalente a 7 U. Con la aplicación de la toxina botulínica se logró la caída del párpado superior izquierdo, lo que permitió cubrir la bula de filtración, y desapareció la sintomatología. La toxina botulínica, a pesar de tener un efecto transitorio, constituye una buena opción en los pacientes con retracción palpebral en quienes otros tratamientos no han sido satisfactorios(AU)
A female patient with a history of surgical treatment for eyelid ptosis is reported. Two years before, she was operated on for correction of upper eyelid due to right eyelid ptosis, but now she presented left eyelid retraction, apparently secondary to ptosis surgery, which exposed a filtering bleb caused by previous traveculectomy. This condition caused permanent disturbances and restricted her daily activities, a clinical picture that was confirmed 24 hours after the surgery. She was sent to our center and the case was collectively discussed. It was decided to perform a new surgery to correct right ptosis and left tarsoraphy. The result was correction of right ptosis and coating of the filtering bleb in the left eye. She remained asymptomatic for three months in the postoperative period, but recurrent left eyelid retraction occurred. She was re-evaluated and it was decided, due to the patient´s age and the history of resurgeries in both eyes in addition to the risk of filtering surgery complications, to apply botulinum toxin in the upper eyelid at a dose of 3cc equal to 7 U. The administration of botulinum toxin allows fall of the left upper eyelid and covering of the filtering bleb, thus symptoms disappeared. Despite its transient effect, botulinum toxic is a good option for patients with eyelid retraction who had not achieved satisfactory results with other types of treatment(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Blepharoptosis/surgery , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/therapeutic use , Conditioning, Eyelid , Trabeculectomy/adverse effectsABSTRACT
Se presentan 4 casos clínicos de pacientes de 46-76 años con carcinomas basocelular y escamoso de párpado inferior, diagnosticados en la consulta oftalmológica del Hospital General Docente Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso. A los afectados se le realizó tarsectomía parcial o total con reconstrucción palpebral mediante colgajos miocutáneos en islas de área cigomática y músculo nasal. Los resultados tanto funcionales como estéticos fueron óptimos y se corroboró la efectividad de los colgajos antes citados(AU)
Four case reports of patients of 46-76 years with squamous-cell carcinoma and basal-cell epithelioma of lower eyelid was described, diagnosed in the ophthalmology department of Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso Teaching General Hospital. In those affected a partial or total tarsectomy with eyelid reconstruction by means of island myocutaneous flaps of zygomatic area and nasal muscle was performed. The functional and aesthetic results were optimal and the effectiveness of these flaps was confirmed(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Carcinoma, Basal Cell , Conditioning, Eyelid , Meibomian GlandsABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to examine whether the progressive disappearance of short-latency conditioned responses, or inhibition of delay, observed in Pavlovian conditioning with long inter-stimulus intervals, could be reverted by the presentation of a novel stimulus. In one experiment, two groups of rabbits received extensive training with a short (250 ms) or a long (1500 ms) tone that overlapped and terminated with a periorbital shock unconditioned stimulus. After training, the presentation of an extraneous stimulus prior to tone onset produced a reinstatement of short latency CRs in the group trained with the long CS, but did not affect CR latency in the group trained with the short CS. This finding is consistent with Pavlov's (1927) view that conditioning with long conditioned stimuli involves the acquisition of response tendencies in the early portion of the stimulus that are subsequently suppressed by the development of an inhibitory process.
Subject(s)
Behavior, Animal/physiology , Conditioning, Classical/physiology , Conditioning, Eyelid/physiology , Inhibition, Psychological , Reaction Time/physiology , Animals , Association , Discrimination, Psychological/physiology , Male , Rabbits , Reinforcement, PsychologyABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to examine whether the progressive disappearance of short-latency conditioned responses, or inhibition of delay, observed in Pavlovian conditioning with long inter-stimulus intervals, could be reverted by the presentation of a novel stimulus. In one experiment, two groups of rabbits received extensive training with a short (250 ms) or a long (1500 ms) tone that overlapped and terminated with a periorbital shock unconditioned stimulus. After training, the presentation of an extraneous stimulus prior to tone onset produced a reinstatement of short latency CRs in the group trained with the long CS, but did not affect CR latency in the group trained with the short CS. This finding is consistent with Pavlov's (1927) view that conditioning with long conditioned stimuli involves the acquisition of response tendencies in the early portion of the stimulus that are subsequently suppressed by the development of an inhibitory process.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rabbits , Behavior, Animal/physiology , Conditioning, Classical/physiology , Conditioning, Eyelid/physiology , Inhibition, Psychological , Reaction Time/physiology , Association , Discrimination, Psychological/physiology , Reinforcement, PsychologyABSTRACT
To test a mathematical model for measuring blinking kinematics. Spontaneous and reflex blinks of 23 healthy subjects were recorded with two different temporal resolutions. A magnetic search coil was used to record 77 blinks sampled at 200 Hz and 2 kHz in 13 subjects. A video system with low temporal resolution (30 Hz) was employed to register 60 blinks of 10 other subjects. The experimental data points were fitted with a model that assumes that the upper eyelid movement can be divided into two parts: an impulsive accelerated motion followed by a damped harmonic oscillation. All spontaneous and reflex blinks, including those recorded with low resolution, were well fitted by the model with a median coefficient of determination of 0.990. No significant difference was observed when the parameters of the blinks were estimated with the under-damped or critically damped solutions of the harmonic oscillator. On the other hand, the over-damped solution was not applicable to fit any movement. There was good agreement between the model and numerical estimation of the amplitude but not of maximum velocity. Spontaneous and reflex blinks can be mathematically described as consisting of two different phases. The down-phase is mainly an accelerated movement followed by a short time that represents the initial part of the damped harmonic oscillation. The latter is entirely responsible for the up-phase of the movement. Depending on the instantaneous characteristics of each movement, the under-damped or critically damped oscillation is better suited to describe the second phase of the blink.
Subject(s)
Biomechanical Phenomena/physiology , Computer Simulation/standards , Conditioning, Eyelid/physiology , Eyelids/physiology , Models, Neurological , Psychophysics/methods , Reflex/physiology , Adult , Biological Clocks/physiology , Facial Muscles/physiology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Movement/physiology , Muscle Contraction/physiology , Reaction Time/physiology , Time Factors , Video Recording/methods , Young AdultABSTRACT
Based on kinematic properties and distinct substrates, there are different classes of eyelid movement described as eyeblinks. We investigate whether the eyelid movements made in response to a conditioned stimulus (CS) are a category of eyelid movements distinct from blinks. Human subjects received 60 trials of classical eyelid conditioning with a tone as the CS and electrical stimulation of the supraorbital branch of the trigeminal nerve as the unconditioned stimulus (UCS). Before and after training, reflex blinks were elicited with the UCS. The kinematics of conditioned responses (CRs) differed significantly from those of reflex blinks. The slope of the amplitude-maximum velocity function was steeper for reflex blinks than for CRs, and reflex blink duration was significantly shorter than CR duration. Unlike reflex blinks, for which maximum velocity was independent of blink duration, the maximum velocity of CRs depended on CR duration. These quantitative and qualitative differences indicated that CRs were a unique class of eyelid movements distinct from blinks and eyelid movements with vertical saccadic gaze shifts.
Subject(s)
Blinking/physiology , Conditioning, Eyelid/physiology , Eyelids/physiology , Movement/physiology , Adult , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Reaction Time/physiology , Young AdultSubject(s)
Humans , Conditioning, Eyelid , Eyelids/injuries , Eyelid Neoplasms , Eye Injuries , Clinical ProtocolsABSTRACT
La reconstrucción funcional y estética del párpado traumático requiere el conocimiento anatómico y funcional de sus partes. El análisis semiológico previo permite reconocer la causa de la ptosis y poder planificar el acto quirúrgico...La reconstrucción palpebral traumática con alteración de todas las unidades requiere la individualización de cada unidad anatómica. La exploración minuciosa, permite detectar la causa y poder restablecer con diferentes procedimientos la función natural palpebral. El caso clínico-quirúrgico presentado demuestra que restableciendo los parámetros anátomos-funcionales de la región se puede ofrecer un tratamiento tanto reparador como estético.
The functional and aesthetic reconstruction of the traumatic eyelid requires the precise knowledge of the periorbital anatomy. A previous complete semiologic exam helps to clarify the ethiology of ptosis and planning the surgical procedure...The patient recovers the eyelid function and presents a very good post op evolution with a good functional and aesthetic result. The surgical aproach detects the etiology and with different techniques provides a natural eyelid function. This clincal case shows that we can offer a direct repair and aesthetic solution by restablishing the anatomic-functional periorbital units.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Blepharoplasty , Blepharoptosis/pathology , Conditioning, Eyelid , Ethmoid Bone/injuries , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures , Eyelids/injuriesABSTRACT
La triquiasis es una orientación anómala interna adquirida de una o más pestañas, que puede producir, en casos severos, úlceras de córnea. A menudo se le asocia con tracoma y blefaritis crónica estafilocóccica o posterior a cirugías oftalmológicas. El tratamiento de la enfermedad es difícil, pero existen varias opciones disponibles: la cirugía convencional (blefaroplastia) o la depilación simple o por diferentes métodos: electrodepilación, radiofrecuencia, Láser Argón y criocirugía. Presentamos un trabajo donde se utilizó la criocirugía como tratamiento para diez casos de triquiasis, con excelentes resultados
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Child , Conditioning, Eyelid , Cryosurgery , Pemphigoid, Benign Mucous Membrane , Eyelashes/abnormalities , Trachoma , Dermatology , Ophthalmology , VenezuelaABSTRACT
Presentamos un caso de diagnóstico prenatal por ultrasonido, de holoprosencefalia sublobar con displasia fronto nasal. La existencia de 2 proboscis con narina única cada una simuló una etmocefalia. El diagnóstico diferencial definitivo es por hipertelorismo, narinas separadas, junto con las imágenes de monoventrículo en ultrasonido y en tomografía axial computarizada. El veruna sola proboscis sin buscar la opuesta simuló una holoprosencefalia sublobar. El requerimiento de autopsia fue negado. Esta asociación de holoprosencefalia con displasia fronto nasal no había sido descrita en la literatura venezolana
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Conditioning, Eyelid , Fetus , Holoprosencephaly , Respiratory Insufficiency , Gynecology , Obstetrics , VenezuelaABSTRACT
El autor hace un aporte de su experiencia con la técnica de R. de la Plaza y Arroyo en la blefaroplastía, creando un muro de contención al sufurar la FCP con el periostio orbitario luego de reintroducir lagrasa periocular
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Blepharoptosis/surgery , Conditioning, EyelidABSTRACT
El autor hace un aporte de su experiencia con la técnica de R. de la Plaza y Arroyo en la blefaroplastía, creando un muro de contención al sufurar la FCP con el periostio orbitario luego de reintroducir lagrasa periocular
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Conditioning, Eyelid , Blepharoptosis/surgeryABSTRACT
El área cantal interna palpebral es una zona de dificil resolución ante un defecto de continuidad. La resección con bordes oncológicos de las lesiones, y la realización de un procedimiento quirúrgico que brinde buenos resultados funcionales y estéticos es primordial. Se presenta una nueva técnica para la resolución de los defectos de continuidad en el área del canto interno palpebral para lesiones menores de 4 cm2 que no afecten al tendón del canto interno o al sistema de drenaje lagrimal. Dicho procedimiento está basado en el principio del colgajo miocutáneo con diseño V-Y de dorso nasal. Las ventajas de dicha técnica están determinadas por el cierre inmediato en un sólo acto quirúrgico, aporte de piel de similar textura y calidad, bajo índice de complicaciones, cierre sin tensión y excelente resultado estético
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Conditioning, Eyelid , Nasal Cavity/surgery , Surgical Flaps , Surgery, PlasticABSTRACT
El área cantal interna palpebral es una zona de dificil resolución ante un defecto de continuidad. La resección con bordes oncológicos de las lesiones, y la realización de un procedimiento quirúrgico que brinde buenos resultados funcionales y estéticos es primordial. Se presenta una nueva técnica para la resolución de los defectos de continuidad en el área del canto interno palpebral para lesiones menores de 4 cm2 que no afecten al tendón del canto interno o al sistema de drenaje lagrimal. Dicho procedimiento está basado en el principio del colgajo miocutáneo con diseño V-Y de dorso nasal. Las ventajas de dicha técnica están determinadas por el cierre inmediato en un sólo acto quirúrgico, aporte de piel de similar textura y calidad, bajo índice de complicaciones, cierre sin tensión y excelente resultado estético
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Surgical Flaps , Conditioning, Eyelid , Nasal Cavity/surgery , Surgery, PlasticSubject(s)
Humans , Eye/anatomy & histology , Orbit/abnormalities , Refraction, Ocular/physiology , Conditioning, Eyelid/classification , Conditioning, Eyelid/physiology , Conjunctivitis , Corneal Diseases , Keratitis , Uveal Diseases , Glaucoma , Cataract/classification , Retinoblastoma , Fundus Oculi , Ocular Motility Disorders/diagnosis , Ocular Motility Disorders/classification , Ocular Motility Disorders/prevention & control , Blindness/prevention & control , Eye Injuries , Occupational RisksABSTRACT
Este trabajo presenta una nueva técnica, descrita por Hinderer, mediante la cual recuperamos la función palpebral inferior. Nuestras exigencias, abarcan 13 pacientes, en todos ellos llenamos las espectativas que nos propusimos. Consideramos que la función del párpado inferior, no solo es de importancia para la visión, sino tambien cumple un papel estético en la expresión humana de ahí que desde hace muchos años atrás, su estudio fue encausado por numerosos autores.