Adult Day Services for People With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: A Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: Adult day services (ADS) are therapeutic, social, and health-related activities that keep people in their homes, rather than institutional settings. While there is a growing body of literature on ADS for older adults, there is far less information available about ADS for younger adults with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities (IDDs). METHOD: Researchers conducted a scoping review of 6 databases (892 total articles). RESULTS: After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 74 full articles were reviewed, with 10 articles meeting study requirements. The research team found the literature is limited to simple descriptive reports or interventions that use ADS as a platform. CONCLUSIONS: Simply put, we know very little about the services provided to younger adults with IDD in ADS. Implications for future research are discussed, including the need to catalog the services offered in ADS for younger adults with IDD and to evaluate their impact on participant well-being.

Consensus-based recommendations for the development and expansion of palliative day care clinics in Germany: results of a Delphi study.

BACKGROUND: Needs-based, patient-oriented palliative care includes palliative day care clinics as a specialized semi-inpatient care offer. However, the establishment and development of these facilities has been unsystematic. Research is needed to strengthen their transparency and ensure their accessibility, quality, and structural adequacy. A national Delphi study was conducted to generate appropriate recommendations for the establishment and development of palliative day care clinics in Germany. METHODS: Recommendations were formulated from focus group data on the development and expansion of palliative day care clinics in Germany. Experts on in- and outpatient palliative care rated 28 recommendations for relevance and feasibility, respectively, using a 4-point Likert-type scale. Suggestions for improvement were captured via free text comments. Items were considered consented when more than 80% of the experts scored them 4 (strongly agree) or 3 (somewhat agree), regarding both relevance and feasibility. RESULTS: A total of 23 experts (32% response rate) completed three Delphi rounds. Following the first round, 10 of 28 recommendations were revised according to participants' comments; 1 recommendation was rejected. After the second round, 3 of these 10 recommendations were revised, while 3 were rejected. Consensus was achieved after the third round for 22 of the initial recommendations. CONCLUSIONS: The Delphi-consented recommendations provide a basis for the targeted evidence- and needs-based development of palliative day care clinics. The findings show a need for standards setting and the meaningful integration of these clinics into existing structures. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The present study was prospectively registered on April 20, 2020, with the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00021446).

Impact of clinical severity on treatment response in a randomized controlled trial comparing day hospital and intensive outpatient mentalization-based treatment for borderline personality disorder.

This study examined the impact of clinical severity on treatment outcome in two programs that differ markedly in treatment intensity: day hospital mentalization-based treatment (MBT-DH) and intensive outpatient mentalization-based treatment (MBT-IOP) for borderline personality disorder (BPD). A multicenter randomized controlled trial was conducted. Participants include the full intention-to-treat sample of the original trial of N = 114 randomized BPD patients (MBT-DH n = 70, MBT-IOP n = 44), who were assessed at baseline and subsequently every 6 up to 36 months after start of treatment. Outcomes were general symptom severity, borderline features, and interpersonal functioning. Clinical severity was examined in terms of severity of BPD, general symptom severity, comorbid symptom disorders, comorbid personality disorders, and cluster C personality features. None of the severity measures was related to treatment outcome or differentially predicted treatment outcome in MBT-DH and MBT-IOP, with the exception of a single moderating effect of co morbid symptom disorders on outcome in terms of BPD features, indicating less improvement in MBT-DH for patients with more symptom disorders. Overall, patients with varying levels of clinical severity benefited equally from MBT-DH and MBT-IOP, indicating that clinical severity may not be a useful criterion to differentiate in treatment intensity.

[Adult Day Care Service: Who Uses it and Who Wants to Use it? Multivariable Analysis of Current and Future Use of Adult Day Care Service by Elderly Persons in Long-Term Care]. / Tagespflege: Wer nutzt sie und wer möchte sie nutzen? Multivariable Analyse der aktuellen und zukünftigen Inanspruchnahme der Tagespflege bei der häuslichen Pflege.

Background Adult day care serves to ease the burden on informal caregivers and to provide adequate care and support for care recipients. Across Bavaria and Germany, adult day care is attended by 4% of all care recipients. The aim of the secondary analysis was to identify variables linked to the current or desired future use of adult day care services. Methodology For the cross-sectional study Benefits of Being a Caregiver ("Zugewinne durch die Pflege"), informal caregivers of geriatric care receiver were surveyed in Bavaria from October 2019 to March 2020 (age>65; n=958). Data regarding caregiving situation, characteristics of informal caregivers and care recipients, and sociodemographic information were collected. Two binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify predictors of current or desired adult day care service use. Results Adult day care was used by 7.3% (n=70) of informal caregivers. Utilization was associated with dementia and high care degree requirements of the care recipient(Nagelkerke's R2 = 0.200). Of the 888 informal caregivers not using adult day care services, 223 (25.1%) expressed a desire to use them. This was associated with care recipients suffering from dementia, a poor previous relationship, and a high subjective burden on the informal caregiver (Nagelkerke's R²=0.083). Conclusion The utilization rate of adult day care was found to be higher than reported in Bavarian or German care statistics. Dementia and an increased need for care of the care recipient were associated with utilization, but contrary to reports in literature, no association with everyday limitations, sex, education, or duration of care was found. More than two-thirds of Bavarian informal caregivers do not want to use adult day care services either now or in the future.

Evaluation of a long day care intervention targeting the mealtime environment and curriculum to increase children's vegetable intake: a cluster randomised controlled trial using the multiphase optimisation strategy framework.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the reach, adoption, implementation and effectiveness of an intervention to increase children's vegetable intake in long day care (LDC). DESIGN: A 12-week pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial, informed by the multiphase optimisation strategy (MOST), targeting the mealtime environment and curriculum. Children's vegetable intake and variety was measured at follow-up using a modified Short Food Survey for early childhood education and care and analysed using a two-part mixed model for non-vegetable and vegetable consumers. Outcome measures were based on the RE-AIM framework. SETTING: Australian LDC centres. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-nine centres, 120 educators and 719 children at follow-up. RESULTS: There was no difference between intervention and waitlist control groups in the likelihood of consuming any vegetables when compared with non-vegetable consumers for intake (OR = 0·70, (95 % CI 0·34-1·43), P = 0·32) or variety (OR = 0·73 (95 % CI 0·40-1·32), P = 0·29). Among vegetable consumers (n 652), there was no difference between groups in vegetable variety (exp(b): 1·07 (95 % CI:0·88-1·32, P = 0·49) or vegetable intake (exp(b): 1·06 (95 % CI: 0·78, 1·43)), P = 0·71) with an average of 1·51 (95 % CI 1·20-1·82) and 1·40 (95 % CI 1·08-1·72) serves of vegetables per day in the intervention and control group, respectively. Intervention educators reported higher skills for promoting vegetables at mealtimes, and knowledge and skills for teaching the curriculum, than control (all P < 0·001). Intervention fidelity was moderate (n 16/20 and n 15/16 centres used the Mealtime environment and Curriculum, respectively) with good acceptability among educators. The intervention reached 307/8556 centres nationally and was adopted by 22 % eligible centres. CONCLUSIONS: The pragmatic self-delivered online intervention positively impacted educator's knowledge and skills and was considered acceptable and feasible. Intervention adaptations, using the MOST cyclic approach, could improve intervention impact on children' vegetable intake.

Comparison of intravenous ibuprofen and paracetamol for peri-operative analgesia in paediatric day care tonsillectomy.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of intravenous ibuprofen and acetaminophen as perioperative analgesics in paediatric patients undergoing day- care tonsillectomy with general anaesthesia. METHODS: The quasi-experimental stud y was conduc ted at the Ana esthe sia D epartment of Pa k Emirates M ilitary Hospital, Rawalpindi , Pak ist an, from July 20 21 to June 2022, and comp rised paediatric pa t ients aged 5-12 yea r s undergoing day- care tonsil lec tomy with gen era l anaesthesia. The sub jec ts were divid ed into two equa l groups. Patients in Group I received intravenous ibuprofen 7mg/kg and patients in Group P received intravenous paracetamol 10mg/kg im media t ely after induction of anaesthesi a. All patients recei ved standard general anaesthesia with endotracheal intubation. The primary outcome measured was revised faces pain score immediately after recovery and at the time of discharge 6 hours later. Adverse events were also noted. Data was analysed using SPSS 26. RESULTS: Of the 100 patients, there were 50(50%) in Group I; 21(42%) boys and 29(58%) girls with mean age 7.82±1.903 years. The remaining 50(50%) subjects were in Group P; 25(50%) boys and 25(50%) girls with mean age 7.68±1.812 years. At baseline, 44(88%) patients in Group I and 42(84%) in Group P reported no pain, while 6(12%) and 8(16%) patients in the two groups, respectively, reported pain (p=0.56). At discharge, 35(70%) patients in Group I and 18(36%) in Group P reported no pain (p<0.001). Adverse events were not significantly different between the groups (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: I ntravenous ibuprofen was found to b e a superior pain-killer than intravenous paracetamol for perioperative care of paediatric patients in day- care tonsillectomy.

A Pilot Project to Integrate Individualized Measurement Into Measurement-Based Care in a Child Partial Hospitalization Program.

Measurement-based care (MBC), or the regular use of progress measures to inform clinical decision-making, improves quality of care and clinical outcomes. MBC typically focuses on standardized rather than individualized outcome measurement. In this pilot study, we examined the clinical utility of integrating individualized measurement with existing standardized outcome monitoring in a children's partial hospitalization program. Participants were 48 youth (M age 10.13 ±â€¯1.39; 54.2% male, 41.7% female, 4.2% transgender or nonbinary). Comorbidity was common; 83.4% of youth had more than one diagnosis at intake. Using the Youth Top Problems for individualized outcome measurement, we examined Top Problem content and clinical improvement over time. Finally, we examined completion rates and describe implementation issues. Top Problems were heterogeneous and sensitive to change. Of the 144 problems, 107 (74%) had a focus consistent with measures used in program, while 37 (26%) were not captured by standardized measures used in program. Effect sizes from admission to final measurement ranged from Cohen's d = .75 - 1.00. Initial adoption of the MBC was strong, but sustained use of the system over the treatment course was challenging. Individualized outcome measurement in children's partial hospitalization programs is feasible to administer and sensitive to clinical change that is unique from change captured in standardized measures. Parents were able to self-identify clinically meaningful, highly individualized Top Problems. Challenges of implementation and clinical assessment in acute settings and potential strategies for improving implementation are discussed.

[The effect of intensified training therapy on axial spondylarthritis in day care units]. / Der Effekt intensivierter Trainingstherapie bei axialer Spondyloarthritis im teilstationären Setting.

BACKGROUND: Day care units are an essential part of psychiatric treatment in Germany. In rheumatology they are also regularly used. Axial spondylarthritis (axSpA) is an inflammatory rheumatic disease that causes pain, diminished quality of life, limitations in activities of daily living and ability to work, especially if insufficiently treated. The multimodal rheumatologic complex treatment with at least 14 days of inpatient care is an established tool to control exacerbated disease activity. The feasibility and effect of an equivalent treatment in a day care setting has not yet been evaluated. METHODS: The effect of a therapy in a day care unit comparable to the inpatient multimodal rheumatologic complex treatment was investigated using clinically established patient reported outcomes (NAS pain, FFbH, BASDAI, BASFI). RESULTS: Selected subgroups of axSpA patients can routinely and effectively be treated in day care units. Intensified multimodal as well as nonintensified treatment forms lead to reduced disease activity. Additionally, compared to nonintensified treatment, the intensified multimodal treatment approach leads to significantly reduced pain, and disease-related and functional limitations in daily life. CONCLUSION: If available, treatment in a day care unit can complement the established inpatient treatment modalities in selected axSpA patients. In cases with high disease activity and suffering, intensified multimodal treatment should be preferred due to better outcomes.

Expert Perspectives on the Additional Benefit of Day Hospices and Palliative Day Care Clinics in Germany: A Qualitative Approach.

Background: In Germany, hospice and palliative care is well covered through inpatient, outpatient, and home-based care services. It is unknown if, and to what extent, there is a need for additional day care services to meet the specific needs of patients and caregivers. Methods: Two day hospices and two palliative day care clinics were selected. In the first step, two managers from each facility (n = 8) were interviewed by telephone, using a semi-structured interview guide. In the second step, four focus groups were conducted, each with three to seven representatives of hospice and palliative care from the facilities' hospice and palliative care networks. Interviews and focus groups were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: The interviewed experts perceived day care services as providing additional patient and caregiver benefits. Specifically, the services were perceived to meet patient needs for social interaction and bundled treatments, especially for patients who did not fit into inpatient settings (due to, e.g., their young age or a lack of desire for inpatient admission). The services were also perceived to meet caregiver needs for support, providing short-term relief for the home care situation. Conclusions: The results suggest that inpatient, outpatient, and home-based hospice and palliative care services do not meet the palliative care needs of all patients. Although the population that is most likely to benefit from day care services is assumed to be relatively small, such services may meet the needs of certain patient groups more effectively than other forms of care.

MMPI-2-RF validity scales add utility for predicting treatment engagement during partial psychiatric hospitalizations.

Partial psychiatric hospitalizations are resource-intensive clinical services designed to stabilize patients in the short term, prevent inpatient hospitalizations, and encourage long-term recovery. Typically, providers base their referral decisions on categorical diagnoses and subjective impressions of patient distress without closely considering the evidence for reporting biases. The present study followed veterans (n = 430) participating in partial psychiatric hospitalization services. We evaluated the extent to which clinical diagnoses at intake predicted treatment variables and changes in later mental health care utilization. Using hierarchical linear regressions with bootstrap confidence intervals, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form content-based validity scales demonstrated incremental utility for predicting patient outcomes beyond intake diagnoses. Elevated Fp-r ("Infrequent Psychopathology Responses") scores independently predicted an increased number of times arriving late for partial hospitalization programming, self-report of worse current functioning at intake, and a relative increase in mental health care encounters in the 12 months following discharge. Low K-r ("Adjustment Validity") scores independently predicted self-report of worse current functioning at both intake and later discharge from partial hospitalization. Thus, indicators of severe psychopathology overreporting as well as the unlikely disavowal of emotional adjustment (i.e., high Fp-r, low K-r) predicted engagement with health care services and self-presentations of symptoms over and above the diagnostic impressions from referring providers. We discuss how indicators of content-based invalid responding on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form have real-world value for understanding patient behavior and shaping clinical interventions among vulnerable populations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

The availability of dialectical behavior therapy in partial hospitalization and residential services for borderline personality disorder: An exploratory longitudinal study of the National Mental Health Services Survey from 2014 to 2021.

OBJECTIVE: Treatment guidelines on borderline personality disorder (BPD) recommend day-hospital or residential treatments for patients with BPD who cannot tolerate outpatient treatment (American Psychiatric Association, 2010; National Health & Medical Research Council, 2013). However, the current literature suggests that evidence-based treatment for BPD may be difficult to access (Lohman et al., 2017). The present study aims to characterize the accessibility of dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT) in day-treatment and residential programs in the United States in the last 7 years and examines whether day-treatment and residential programs that accept state benefits (i.e., Medicaid) are significantly less likely to offer DBT. METHOD: Using mixed logistic regression, we examined trends in the National Mental Health Services Survey data from 2014 to 2021, a survey of U.S. mental health facilities which tracks whether facilities provide DBT. RESULTS: We found that the likelihood that a residential or day-hospital facility offers DBT has been growing over time at the national level (ORday-treatment = 1.07, SE = .03, z = 1.90, p = .05; ORresidential = 1.08, SE = .05, z = 1.77, p = .08). We also found significant variability in these trends at the state level. In addition, we found that facilities accepting state benefits were less likely to offer DBT (ORday-treatment = .66, SE = .021, z = -1.93, p = .05; ORresidential = .67, SE = .21, z = -1.91, p = .06). CONCLUSION: Consistent with previous literature, our study suggests that these programs are very scarce across the United States and difficult to access for those with Medicaid.guidelines on borderline personality disorder (BPD) recommend day-hospital or residential treatments for patients with BPD who cannot tolerate outpatient treatment (American Psychiatric Association, 2010; National Health & Medical Research Council, 2013). However, the current literature suggests that evidence-based treatment for BPD may be difficult to access (Lohman et al., 2017). The present study aims to characterize the accessibility of dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT) in day-treatment and residential programs in the United States in the last 7 years and examines whether day-treatment and residential programs that accept state benefits (i.e., Medicaid) are significantly less likely to offer DBT. METHOD: Using mixed logistic regression, we examined trends in the National Mental Health Services Survey data from 2014 to 2021, a survey of U.S. mental health facilities which tracks whether facilities provide DBT. RESULTS: We found that the likelihood that a residential or day-hospital facility offers DBT has been growing over time at the national level (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Outcomes at the Motherhood Center: A Comparison of Virtual and On-Site Versions of a Specialized Perinatal Partial Hospitalization Program.

OBJECTIVES: Remotely administered mental health care is becoming increasingly common for treatment of a range of psychiatric disorders; however, there is a dearth of literature overviewing direct comparisons between remote and in-person interventions for treatment of Perinatal Mood and Anxiety Disorders (PMADs). The sudden advent of the Covid-19 pandemic in New York City forced an abrupt conversion for an intensive day treatment program for new mothers with PMADs, from an on-site to a remote program. METHODS: The current report compares outcomes of 81 women who completed the program in-person to those of 60 women who completed the program remotely. RESULTS: Improvement in depression scores was statistically superior in the remote program, and improvement in mother-infant bonding was statistically equivalent between the on-site and remote programs. DISCUSSION: These findings indicate that specialized partial hospitalization treatment for individuals with moderate to severe psychiatric illness can be effectively provided via telehealth, thus offering improved convenience, accessibility, and safety without compromising care. We conclude that remotely administered group psychotherapy is an effective intervention for women with moderate to severe PMADs.

Systematic Review: Patient Outcomes in Transdiagnostic Adolescent Partial Hospitalization Programs.

OBJECTIVE: Partial hospitalization programs (PHPs) are designed to help stabilize patients with acute mental health problems and are considered more cost-effective than inpatient care for patients who do not require 24-hour monitoring. Many PHPs treat transdiagnostic adolescents to reduce suicidality, self-harm, and other high-risk behaviors; however, the effectiveness of such programs is unknown. We aimed to review the existing evidence for the effects of PHPs on adolescent mental health symptoms and functioning. METHOD: We retrieved peer-reviewed evaluations of PHPs treating adolescents with a range of disorders that reported quantitative clinical outcomes. We followed PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews and included studies published since 2000. RESULTS: Fifteen studies of 10 PHPs in North America, Europe, Asia, and Australia met inclusion criteria, 5 of which used comparison groups. Most participants were White and female with depressive disorders. All studies found improvements in adolescents' functioning and mental health from admission to discharge; however, only 1 study tested PHP relative to other levels of care, and only 1 study included follow-up data. Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) may be an effective theoretical orientation for PHP settings, but evidence is limited. CONCLUSION: Evidence for effectiveness of PHPs relative to other models is limited. Currently available research suggests that many high-risk transdiagnostic adolescents tend to improve during PHP treatment; however, controlled studies with follow-up data are needed to determine whether partial hospitalization is effective and, if so, how effective, and whether treatment gains persist after discharge.

Anaemia and iron deficiency associate with polymorphism TMPRSS6 rs855791 in Brazilian children attending day care centres.

Fe-deficiency anaemia is a major public health concern in children under 5 years of age. TMPRSS6 gene, encoding matriptase-2 protein, is implicated in Fe homoeostasis and has been associated with anaemia and Fe status in various populations. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the associations between the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) TMPRSS6 rs855791 and biomarkers of anaemia and Fe deficiency in Brazilian children attending day care centres. A total of 163 children aged 6-42 months were evaluated. Socio-economic, demographic, biochemical, haematological, immunological and genotype data were collected. Multiple logistic and linear regressions with hierarchical selection were used to assess the effects of independent variables on categorised outcomes and blood marker concentrations. Minor allele (T) frequency of rs855791 was 0·399. Each copy of the T allele was associated with a 4·49-fold increased risk of developing anaemia (P = 0·005) and a 4·23-fold increased risk of Fe deficiency assessed by serum soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) (P < 0·001). The dose of the T allele was associated with an increase of 0·18 mg/l in sTfR concentrations and reductions of 1·41 fl and 0·52 pg in mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), respectively. In conclusion, the T allele of SNP TMPRSS6 rs855791 was significantly associated with anaemia and Fe deficiency assessed by sTfR in Brazilian children attending day care centres. The effect was dose dependent, with each copy of the T allele being associated with lower MCV and MCH and higher concentrations of sTfR.

Editorial: The Untapped Potential of Partial Hospitalization Programs.

The prevalence of mental health conditions in adolescents has been increasing worldwide.1 With the increasing demand, access to effective mental health care has struggled to keep pace.2 More adolescents are requiring intensive inpatient hospitalizations for high-risk conditions and often lack adequate resources for sub-acute care following discharge. Step-down programs can help to facilitate safe discharges and decrease the likelihood of hospital readmissions, reducing the burden of health care costs. Likewise, intensive treatment options for youth can also help to fill a gap in the escalation of care from the outpatient setting while preventing hospitalization. Partial hospitalization programs (PHPs) are designed to offer this intermediate level of care between inpatient and outpatient services. Averaging 20 hours of treatment per week, PHPs serve as a cost-effective solution for more intensive treatment compared to inpatient hospital admission. In this editorial, we aim to highlight the findings of a study by Rubenson et al.,3 titled "Review: Patient Outcomes in Transdiagnostic Adolescent Partial Hospitalization Programs," which helps to enhance our understanding of this treatment model.

Thulium fiber laser cystolithotripsy under local anesthesia: A day care procedure.

INTRODUCTION: Bladder stones account for 5% of all urolithiasis. Patients present with LUTS or acute urinary retention. Thus, warranting an early intervention. Minimally invasive approach with laser lithotripsy is the present gold standard to treat bladder stones. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the outcomes of TFL (60 W) for bladder stones performed under local anesthesia as a day-care procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective single-center study conducted after obtaining IRB approval. Study period was between June 2021 and June 2022 were included. All patients were operated under local anesthesia as a day care procedure. The procedure was carried out using an 18 Fr laser sheath and calculus dusted using TFL energy (15-30 W). Parameters including operative time in minutes, complications were recorded. Patients were encouraged oral and normal voiding in the immediate post-op period. RESULTS: A total of 47 patients with bladder stones presented during this period. Of these, 30 underwent laser lithotripsy (TFL) for bladder calculi. The clinical presentation of patients was LUTS in 28 (93%) and 5 (16%) patients had AUR. The average size of the stone in this series was 15 ± 2.8 mm. The mean duration of laser lithotripsy was 15 ± 5.4 min. Energy to dust the stone was variable with mean LASER energy of 18.23 ± 10 W. All patients tolerated the procedure well and none required conversion to conventional anesthesia. One patient failed to void in the post-op period. 100% clearance rate was documented in all patients. CONCLUSION: Thulium fiber laser for transurethral cystolithotripsy of bladder stones under local anesthesia is a feasible technique with minimal morbidity and good outcome.

Feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a cognitive-behavioral, family-centered partial hospitalization program for adolescents with anorexia nervosa and atypical anorexia nervosa at six- and twelve-month follow-up.

This study examined the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a cognitive-behavioral, family-centered partial hospitalization program (PHP) for adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN) and atypical AN (AAN), and described the outpatient services received following discharge. Participants (N = 31) completed anthropometric and self-report assessments at admission, discharge, and six and twelve months after discharge from the PHP. Descriptive statistics explored markers of feasibility. Paired samples t-tests evaluated changes in weight and eating disorder (ED) symptomatology from admission to discharge, admission to six-month follow-up, and admission to twelve-month follow-up. Descriptive statistics and effect sizes compared symptoms at each timepoint between participants with AN and AAN. Results indicated that we were successful at recruiting greater than 50% of adolescents approached for this study. We collected follow-up data from more than 70% of participants at discharge, but did not meet this retention benchmark at six-month and twelve-month follow-ups. The entire sample demonstrated significant improvements in weight and ED symptomatology from admission to discharge, and generally maintained these improvements at six- and twelve-month follow-up. While descriptive statistics suggested that participants with AN and AAN received similar outpatient services following discharge from the PHP, those with AN experienced greater improvement in self-reported ED symptomatology than those with AAN at six- and twelve-month follow-up. These findings provide preliminary support for the efficacy of PHPs in treating adolescents with AN and AAN. Further research with larger sample sizes should investigate whether adolescents with AAN experience poorer outcomes than those with AN following discharge from a PHP.

Valuing and sustaining older peoples' day care services.

BACKGROUND: Unprecedented ageing and growth of the global population of older people is predicted. Between independent and residential care, day care is an essential part of a population-based strategy to support ageing well in place. AIMS: To describe experiences of older people attending day care services. METHOD: Using the qualitative method, two focus groups were completed in 2018 in a region of Ireland with 12 participants. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed; grounded theory guided the subsequent analysis. FINDINGS: Older people valued their participation in day care, describing the 'home from home' experience positively. Community nurses from the local public health nursing service played a key role in fostering and sustaining participation. CONCLUSIONS: National commitment to population-based age friendly environments is required to facilitate the wellbeing of a growing older demographic.

A scoping review on the psychosocial interventions used in day care service for people living with dementia.

BACKGROUND: Adult Day care centres provide an important aspect of care provision through all phases of the dementia illness from diagnosis to the end of life (Dabelko HI 2008) supporting the well-being of both older people living with dementia and their care partners. Services within adult day care settings are designed to provide biopsychosocial health benefits to participants as well as care partner respite. OBJECTIVE: To examine research studies, literature reviews and grey literature and identify and map the literature on psychosocial interventions used in day care services for older people living with dementia and chart their use, evaluation and outcomes. The research review question is "what are the psychosocial interventions used in day care service for older people living with dementia?" Psychosocial interventions are important non-pharmacological interventions which support people's wellbeing. METHODS: Inclusion/Exclusion criteria were identified and guided the search strategy. Participants were people aged 60 years and over living with dementia attending day care services. The use of psychosocial interventions for this cohort was the focus of the review. Databases were searched (Cochrane Reviews, CINAHL, Embase, Medline EBSCO, Medline Ovid, Medline PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, Open Grey, Lenus and WHO Global Index Medicus databases) using keywords/terms with Boolean operators from 2011 to 2023. Rayyan was used to extract and manage the data. RESULTS: The findings present a narrative and charting of the data from the 45 papers that met the review criteria, and this data is mapped onto the five objectives. Within this review, interventions were grouped into five broad types: nature (n = 6 papers), memory/cognitive (n = 11 papers), social (n = 17 papers), animal (n = 4 papers), or physical/sensory (n = 7 papers) based interventions. CONCLUSIONS: This review has illustrated the wide variety in the types, range and facilitation of psychosocial interventions within adult day care services. This review highlights the potential benefits of these interventions. However, findings must be considered in the context that many were provided as brief intervention studies with little evidence of continuation after the study and further research is required given the complex and diverse range of interventions. Results will be of interest to practitioners planning to implement or evaluate psychosocial interventions used in day care services for older people living with dementia.