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1.
JAMA ; 331(21): 1872, 2024 06 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38753316

ABSTRACT

This JAMA Patient Page describes allergic skin reactions from contact with poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac plants, and how to treat rashes caused by these plants.


Subject(s)
Dermatitis, Toxicodendron , Toxicodendron , Humans , Toxicodendron/adverse effects , Dermatitis, Toxicodendron/diagnosis , Dermatitis, Toxicodendron/prevention & control , Dermatitis, Toxicodendron/therapy
2.
Wilderness Environ Med ; 34(3): 388-392, 2023 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37120383

ABSTRACT

Toxicodendron dermatitis is an underappreciated disease seen in the emergency department. Although self-limiting, symptoms can be distressing and can last for weeks if untreated, particularly with re-exposure. Continuing research has improved our understanding of specific inflammatory markers that are associated with exposure to urushiol-the compound responsible for Toxicodendron dermatitis-although consensus for treatment remains varied and poorly supported. Owing to the lack of recent primary literature on the topic, many providers rely on historical precedent, expert opinion, and personal experience when treating this disease. This article provides a narrative review of the literature currently available on the effects of urushiol on key molecular and cellular functions and the prevention and treatment of Toxicodendron dermatitis.


Subject(s)
Dermatitis, Toxicodendron , Toxicodendron , Dermatitis, Toxicodendron/prevention & control , Catechols , Emergency Service, Hospital
3.
Dermatitis ; 30(3): 183-190, 2019.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31045932

ABSTRACT

Poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac are the most common causes of clinically diagnosed allergic contact dermatitis in North America. Approximately 50% to 75% of the US adult population is clinically sensitive to poison ivy, oak, and sumac. We reviewed the botany and history of these plants; urushiol chemistry and pathophysiology, clinical features, and the prevalence of allergic contact dermatitis caused by these plants; and current postexposure treatment and preventive methods, including ongoing investigations in the development of a vaccine (immunotherapy). Although extensive efforts have been made to develop therapies that prevent and treat contact dermatitis to these plants, there lacks an entirely effective method, besides complete avoidance. There is a need for a better therapy to definitively prevent allergic contact dermatitis to these plants.


Subject(s)
Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/prevention & control , Environmental Exposure/adverse effects , Toxicodendron/adverse effects , Dermatitis, Toxicodendron/prevention & control , Health Education/methods , Humans , North America , Plant Poisoning/prevention & control
6.
Dermatol Online J ; 23(1)2017 Jan 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28329482

ABSTRACT

Acute allergic contact dermatitis to poison ivy is acommon and miserable dermatosis which affectsmillions of Americans each year. Preventativemeasures, such as avoidance, protective clothing,barrier creams, soaps, and solvents often fail despiteour patients' best attempts. Severe allergic reactionsto poison ivy are a significant source of decreasedemployee productivity owing to inability to work anda major health care expenditure. Patients may haveto leave their jobs and discontinue favorite outdoorrecreational activities as a result of severe urushiolsensitivity. Thus, a simple and effective method ofpreventing poison ivy dermatitis would be of greatbenefit to clinical dermatologists and their patients.Complementary and alternative medical practitionerscommonly prescribe homeopathic poison ivyproducts by mouth for the prevention of poisonivy dermatitis. Yet, conventional dermatologists aremostly unaware of this little known clinical pearl. Theauthor discusses two open studies and anecdotalexperience with administration of homeopathicpoison ivy in the prevention of acute allergic contactdermatitis related to poison ivy exposure. Potentialadvantages could include patient acceptability,ease of administration, affordability, and availability.Randomized clinical trials are needed to furtherevaluate the safety and efficacy of this interesting andpromising clinical tip.


Subject(s)
Dermatitis, Toxicodendron/prevention & control , Materia Medica , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Plant Leaves , Toxicodendron , Humans
7.
Nursing ; 44(6): 47, 2014 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24841607
8.
J Org Chem ; 78(2): 238-45, 2013 Jan 18.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22900824

ABSTRACT

A method to visually detect minute amounts of urushiol, the toxic catechol from poison oak, poison ivy, and poison sumac, has been developed utilizing the reaction of a profluorescent nitroxide with the B-n-butylcatecholboronate ester formed in situ from urushiol and B-n-butylboronic acid. The resulting N-alkoxyamine is strongly fluorescent upon illumination with a fluorescent lamp, allowing the location of the toxic urushiol contamination to be visualized. This methodology constitutes the groundwork for the future development of a spray to detect urushiol to avoid contact dermatitis, as well as to detect catecholamines for biomedical applications.


Subject(s)
Catechols/chemistry , Catechols/toxicity , Dermatitis, Toxicodendron/prevention & control , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Toxicodendron/chemistry , Toxicodendron/toxicity , Dermatitis, Contact
9.
J Ethnopharmacol ; 143(1): 314-8, 2012 Aug 30.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22766473

ABSTRACT

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Impatiens capensis (jewelweed) is native to the Eastern and Midwestern US and Canada. Many Native American tribes used I. capensis and its close relatives to treat/prevent rash from plant sources particularly Toxicodendron radicans and Urtica dioica. I. balsamina (garden balsam) a native of China was used by the indigenous people of Asia for similar purposes. AIM OF STUDY: This study aims to validate ethnopharmacological use of jewelweed in poison ivy (PI) dermatitis prevention and to refute scientific papers denying this efficacy. Additionally, the content of lawsone, the purported effective agent in jewelweed preparations, was measured to see if its concentration correlated with jewelweed preparation efficacy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Poison ivy was brushed onto forearms of volunteers in 6 locations and exposed areas were treated with jewelweed extracts, fresh plant mashes, soaps made of plant extracts, water and Dawn® dish soap. Rash development was scored on a scale of 0-14. RESULTS: Jewelweed mash was effective in reducing poison ivy dermatitis, supporting ethnobotanical use. However, jewelweed extracts were not effective; and soaps made of these extracts were effective but no more so than jewelweed-free soaps. Lawsone content varied with harvest season and did not appear to affect rash development. CONCLUSION: Jewelweed is an efficacious plant for preventing development of dermatitis following poison ivy contact, but soap is more effective. Lawsone content does not correlate with PI rash prevention. Perhaps saponins, the soapy component of jewelweed are the effective agents.


Subject(s)
Dermatitis, Toxicodendron/prevention & control , Impatiens/chemistry , Naphthoquinones/pharmacology , Plant Preparations/therapeutic use , Toxicodendron/adverse effects , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Humans , Impatiens/classification , Middle Aged , Plant Preparations/pharmacology , Seasons , Soaps , Species Specificity , Treatment Outcome , Young Adult
12.
14.
Wilderness Environ Med ; 17(2): 120-8, 2006.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16805148

ABSTRACT

Allergic contact dermatitis caused by the Toxicodendron (formerly Rhus) species-poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac-affects millions of North Americans every year. In certain outdoor occupations, for example, agriculture and forestry, as well as among many outdoor enthusiasts, Toxicodendron dermatitis presents a significant hazard. This review considers the epidemiology, identification, immunochemistry, pathophysiology, clinical features, treatment, and prevention of this common dermatologic problem. Recent research in prevention is emphasized, and resources to help in the identification of plants are provided in the bibliography. The literature was searched using a MEDLINE query for "Toxicodendron dermatitis", and the identified article bibliographies were searched as well.


Subject(s)
Dermatitis, Toxicodendron/prevention & control , Toxicodendron/adverse effects , Toxicodendron/classification , Dermatitis, Toxicodendron/etiology , Dermatitis, Toxicodendron/pathology , Humans
15.
Hautarzt ; 57(7): 618-21, 2006 Jul.
Article in German | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15834598

ABSTRACT

A couple suffered for 5 years from recurrent eruptions with vesicles and bullae after contact with an unknown "climbing weed" in their private garden in Germany. After this plant was identified as poison ivy and eradicated, their skin problems were solved. This is the first report of poison ivy in this setting. Urushiols in poison ivy are not only strong allergens but also potent irritants. Negative patch tests in the husband suggest that the bullous dermatitis was a toxic reaction.


Subject(s)
Dermatitis, Toxicodendron , Dermatitis, Toxicodendron/diagnosis , Dermatitis, Toxicodendron/drug therapy , Dermatitis, Toxicodendron/prevention & control , Female , Glucocorticoids/administration & dosage , Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Ointments , Skin Tests , Treatment Outcome
19.
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