[Nutritional contribution the school canteens program to the children of ten municipal schools in the city of Córdoba, Argentina.] / Contribución nutricional del programa Comedores Escolares a la población infantil de diez escuelas municipales de la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina.

Introduction: School canteens are one of the most widespread programs in recent decades which may have significant impacts on nutrition, health, growth and development in children. Objetive: To assess the nutritional contribution of School Canteens (PCE) program to children from municipal schools of Cordoba. Material and methods: Was a descriptive and analytical study. I applied an observation guide and ration weighing measurements of the school canteens food supply and food recall method was used 24 hours a sample of 170 school children. Results: The breakfasts/snacks they had a deficit in Calcium, vitamin A and C and iron and excess of simple sugars. The lunches they had a excess of saturated fats and deficit of energy, calcium, iron, fiber and vitamin A. The food consumption of school children was high in discretionary calories, sugars and saturated fats and deficit in fiber, calcium and vitamin A, associated with some sociodemographic characteristics. There had associations between the inadequacy of the target intake of calcium and vitamin found and suboptimal quality and dining in these nutrients (p< 0,05). Conclusions: We conclude what in this context there are nutritional aspects that are necessary improve.

El objetivo fue evaluar la contribución nutricional del programa Comedores Escolares (PCE) a la población infantil de escuelas municipales de Córdoba. Fue un estudio descriptivo y analítico. Se empleó una guía de observación y mediciones en comedores y recordatorios alimentarios 24 hs. a 150 escolares. Los desayunos/meriendas tuvieron déficit en energía, calcio, vitamina A y C y hierro y exceso de azúcares. Los almuerzos tuvieron exceso en grasas saturadas y déficit en energía, calcio, hierro, fibra y vitamina A. El consumo en escolares fue alto en calorías dispensables, azúcares y grasas saturadas y deficitario en fibra, calcio y vitamina A, asociados a algunas características sociodemográficas. Hubo asociaciones entre la falta de adecuación de la ingesta a la meta en calcio y vitamina A y la calidad poco óptima del comedor en estos nutrientes (p<0,05). Se concluye que en este contexto hay aspectos nutricionales que son necesarios mejorar.

Dietetics Practice in the Unique, Culturally Diverse Pacific Island Region.

The Pacific Island region is geographically the most isolated region in the world representing a diverse population of indigenous peoples, migrated groups and new-comers. Rates of chronic disease are predominately high in populations identified as Pacific Islander. The practice of dietetics, defined as nutrition education for the prevention of disease and medical nutrition therapy for the treatment of chronic diseases, proves challenging with the unique cultural diversity in the region. There is a need to describe dietetics practice, populations served, and needs for resources identified by nutrition-related topic and cultural relevance for Registered Dietitian Nutritionists in the Pacific Island region. An online survey was distributed to all members of the Hawai'i Affiliate of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics in 2013-2014. The online survey yielded 104 usable responses. Most participants were female and lived and worked in the Hawaiian Island region. One-third of practicing Registered Dietitian Nutritionists saw >100 patients or clients per month. Most prevalent populations served were identified as Asian and Pacific Islanders. Culturally relevant resources of the highest need were relevant to Asian and Pacific Islander cultures, specifically addressing weight control and diabetes. Dietetics practice in the Pacific Island region is unique given the prevalence of Asians and Pacific Islanders served by Registered Dietitian Nutritionists. Findings will inform the development of new, culturally appropriate online nutrition resources, to enhance dietetics practice in the region. Making these resources available online will be useful for Registered Dietitian Nutritionists and other health care practitioners working in the Pacific Island region.

Programa de comedores escolares de la Comunidad de Madrid (2001-2015): diseño, protocolo, metodología y actualización.

Introducción: a finales del siglo xx, no se conocía con precisión si la comida del comedor escolar contribuía adecuadamente a la dieta de la población infantil. Además, este servicio complementario no se contemplaba en el proyecto educativo del centro pese a considerarse fundamental en todas sus dimensiones.Objetivo: describir el origen y desarrollo del programa de comedores escolares de la Comunidad de Madrid (CM) en 15 años desde su implantación.Métodos: se elaboró una normativa a cumplir por las empresas de restauración, y que contemplaba aspectos nutricionales y de composición y variedad de los menús, que se utilizó en los concursos para acceder a la prestación del servicio de comedor escolar, publicados en los años 2001, 2002, 2005, 2009 y 2013. Además se realizaron visitas acreditadas a los centros sin previo aviso para verifi car el cumplimiento de la documentación aportada durante el concurso.Resultados: los criterios más actuales sobre programación y elaboración de menús escolares se recogen en el Pliego de Prescripciones Técnicas del año 2013 (C-504/001-2013). Un 92% de las empresas de restauración superaron los cinco concursos habidos en los 15 años de funcionamiento. Hasta el año 2014, se han realizado 755 visitas, revisándose un total de 574 centros.Conclusiones: el programa de comedores escolares de la CM, desde su implementación pionera en España, ha contribuido a la mejora del servicio complementario de comedor. En estos años se han ido incluyendo nuevos requisitos dietéticos y nutricionales que han logrado menús cada vez más ajustados a las recomendaciones de la población escolar.

Practice paper of the academy of nutrition and dietetics: principles of productivity in food and nutrition services: applications in the 21st century health care reform era.

Food and nutrition services, along with the health care organizations they serve, are becoming increasingly complex. These complexities are driven by sometimes conflicting (if not polarizing) human, department, organization, and environment factors and will require that managers shift how they think about and approach productivity in the context of the greater good of the organization and, perhaps, even society. Traditional, single-factor approaches to productivity measurements, while still valuable in the context of departmental trend analysis, are of limited value when assessing departmental performance in the context of an organization's goals and values. As health care continues to change and new models of care are introduced, food and nutrition services managers will need to consider innovative approaches to improve productivity that are consistent with their individual health care organization's vision and mission. Use of process improvement tools such as Lean and Six Sigma as strategies for evaluating and improving food and nutrition services efficiency should be considered.

Estudio de la dieta y conformidad con patrones dietéticos saludables en niños/as escolares de Granada / Study of diet and compliance with healthy dietary patterns of children in Southern Spain

Fundamento: Los cambios sociales de los últimos años han alterado el patrón de consumo tradicional y la adherencia a la DM. El objetivo de este trabajo es validar dos métodos de estimación de la ingesta de energía y nutrientes (R24h y FFQ), estimar la ingesta de energía y nutrientes y el grado de adherencia a la DM en escolares. Métodos: La población está formada por 847 sujetos (8-10 años) de centros escolares de Granada. Se han empleado el test de concordancia de Bland y Altman y el test de Wilcoxon para validación de cuestionarios y el MDP para estimar la adherencia a la DM. Resultados: Existe concordancia entre los métodos comparados. La ingesta energética queda ligeramente por encima de la recomendación (p<0.001); la distribución de macronutrientes es desequilibrada (p<0.05). Ingestas inadecuadas de micronutrientes se dan para el yodo y el ácido fólico. La adherencia al MDP es de 46,78 (15,27) % y es mayor en centro públicos. Conclusión: Los sectores más jóvenes de la población se alejan de patrones de consumo saludables como la DM. Es necesario desarrollar y aplicar programas de educación nutricional, para promover hábitos alimentarios que ayuden a conseguir un óptimo estado de salud en edades posteriores (AU)

Background: Social changes over the past few years have altered conventional consumption patterns, which translates into a lack of adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD). The objective of this study was to validate two methods for the estimation of energy and nutrient intake (24-h recall and food frequency questionnaire [FFQ]) and to estimate the energy and nutrient intake and degree of adherence to the MD of children in school age. Methods: The study population comprised 847 children aged between 8 and 10 years from school centers in Southern Spain. The questionnaires were validated using the Bland and Altman concordance test and Wilcoxon?s test. Adherence to the MD was estimated with the Mediterranean Diet Pattern (MDP) index. Results: There was concordance between the methods. The energy intake was slightly above recommendations and the macronutrient distribution was unbalanced (p<0.05). Intakes of iodine and folic acid were inadequate. Adherence to the MDP was 46.78 (15.27%) and was higher in public centers. Conclusion: The diet followed by the youngest population groups diverges from healthy patterns, such as the MD. It is necessary to develop and apply nutrition education programs to promote eating habits that help achieve an optimal state of health in subsequent years (AU)

Treating pediatric obesity in the primary care setting to prevent chronic disease: perceptions and knowledge of providers and staff.

BACKGROUND: The national and international epidemic of chronic disease, including among children, is largely fueled by increasing obesity. It is recommended that primary care play a key role in the treatment of pediatric obesity. METHODS: A written survey was administered to providers and staff at 13 primary care practices across North Carolina, assessing perceptions on multiple dimensions of pediatric obesity treatment and knowledge of dietitian services. RESULTS: The response rate for the survey was 66.9% (n = 273). Although providers reported feeling comfortable and confident in many areas of childhood obesity, perceived effectiveness was low. Moreover, comfort and confidence were lower for non-primary care providers (PCPs) involved in obesity treatment than for PCPs, and PCP comfort and confidence levels were low for the ability to conduct motivational interviewing and for knowledge of billing for obesity as a diagnosis. Personnel perceived that there were benefits to having a registered dietitian (RD) in their practice and generally understood RD capacity. Survey results provided no evidence that integration of an RD into the practice changed perceptions or knowledge over the course of 1 year. LIMITATIONS: The present study included only 13 practices, mostly rural and all of at least moderate size. CONCLUSION: Significant change is required if primary care practices are to play the role envisioned for them in stemming childhood obesity and chronic disease. Change will require identifying and addressing specific knowledge and skill gaps, such as those identified in this study. Respondents' positive perceptions of the benefits of RD integration suggest the importance of exploring this clinical model.

Developing dietetic positions in rural areas: what are the key lessons?

INTRODUCTION: Rural and remote communities in Australia are typically underserviced by dietitians. The recruitment of dietitians to rural areas has improved in recent years; however, retention remains an issue. Key factors that lead to an increase in funding and the development of more dietetic positions in rural areas are unknown. The purpose of this study was to describe dietetic services in rural areas and to determine the drivers for and barriers to the development of dietetic positions in rural areas. METHODS: A sequential explanatory mixed methods approach was used to examine six case study sites of dietetic service delivery in rural northern New South Wales (NSW) Australia between 1991 and 2006. The six sites represented different models of dietetic service delivery from the study area. Data sources included workforce documents and in-depth individual interviews on position development with 40 key informants, including past and present dietitians, dietetic managers and health service managers. Interview data were thematically analysed with the aid of NVivo7 (www.qsrinternational.com). Themes were coded into common categories, using a constant comparison inductive approach. RESULTS: Forty key informants agreed to participate in the in-depth, semi-structured interview. Participants included 28 dietitians (past and present), three dietetics managers and nine managers. The majority of participants were female (87.5%). Document analysis showed that the dietetic workforce had a 5.6-fold increase across the six sites over the 15 years. Themes that emerged from the interviews indicated that new positions were established through ad hoc and opportunistic funding, a gradual increase in funding or due to concerted efforts by champions advocating for increased funding. CONCLUSION: The findings from this study have important implications for the development of dietetic staffing in rural areas. There is an inconsistent approach to the development of dietetic positions in rural areas of Australia. Factors that inhibited the development of positions included a general lack of funds and competing priorities. A systematic, planned approach to the development of dietetic positions is needed in rural Australia. Champions for the development of positions were effective in increasing positions, particularly when they have management support.

Helping older adults meet nutritional challenges.

Prevention of premature chronic diseases is an important component of healthy aging. Nutrition education can help to reduce the risk of premature chronic diseases in some older adults. Home delivered meals and congregate dining services assist vulnerable elderly persons by providing opportunities for nutritional and social support. Screening and assessment tools identify factors affecting nutritional health and can also provide specific directions for planning, implementation, and evaluation of tailored interventions. Dietitians and allied health professionals are well positioned to assist a heterogeneous population of older adults in securing nutritional adequacy.

Computerized patient record: are we prepared for our future practice?

OBJECTIVE: To survey members of The American Dietetic Association (ADA) regarding care documentation systems, computerization of patient care records, and factors to be considered in developing a documentation system compatible with a computer-based patient record. DESIGN: The survey instrument was developed in conjunction with a survey consultant/statistician, then mailed to the study sample. SUBJECTS/SETTING: The sample of 500 was drawn from three ADA dietetic practice groups expected to include a high percentage of clinical practitioners. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS PERFORMED: Basic frequency displays were used on all questionnaire items. Pearson correlation coefficients were used among numeric variables, and oneway analysis of variance was used for categoric variables with quantitative variables. RESULTS: A total of 171 usable surveys were returned (34%), primarily from dietitians working in an acute-care inpatient environment. The SOAP format (subjective, objective, assessment, and plan) was used by 60% of respondents to document nutrition assessments, although a number of other documentation formats were reported. Most commonly used data in nutrition decision making were medical diagnosis, diet order, anthropometric data, and laboratory values. Most commonly used outcomes measures included laboratory values, tolerance of the nutrition regimen, weight changes, and intake changes. Only 15% of respondents reported that they currently used a computerized patient record. Ninety-three percent of respondents favored standardized nutrition diagnoses, and 95% believed standardized nutrition interventions would prove useful. APPLICATIONS/CONCLUSIONS: We recommend that dietitians evaluate, standardize, and streamline their documentation to prepare for implementation of computerized systems. The diagnoses and interventions presented in this study could be a starting point.