Tibetan patients with hepatic hydatidosis can tolerate hypoxic environment without incident increase of pulmonary hypertension: an echocardiography study.

Use of echocardiography to evaluate the characteristics of right heart and pulmonary artery of Tibetans with hepatic hydatidosis living in a high plateau area. We recruited 222 Tibetan adults diagnosed with hydatidosis from June 2016 to June 2017 in Shiqu and Seda areas of Tibet; 40 healthy control from the same area, denoted as the high plateau group. We also include 755 Healthy adults of Han nationality living in the plain from the EMINCA study as the low altitude group. Compared to high plateau group, hydatidosis individuals showed decreased RVADed, RVTDed, increased E(T)/A(T) and reduced RVFAC and TAPSE (p < 0.05). The 2 groups did not differ in the incidence rate of tricuspid regurgitation (TR) and pulmonary regurgitation (PR) (63.9% vs. 55.0%, p = 0.281 and 15.3% vs. 5.0%, p = 0.135, respectively) or incidence of pulmonary hypertension (PH) (13.9% vs. 20.5%, p = 0.167). PH risk did not differ between hydatidosis individuals and high plateau controls (OR 0.559, 95% CI 0.243-1.287). The RVADed and TAPSE were higher and E(T)/A(T) was lower for high plateau group than low altitude group (p < 0.05). The decreased right ventricular size and reduced diastolic and systolic function were found in Tibetans with hydatidosis. Hepatic hydatidosis had no significant effect on the incidence of pulmonary hypertension in Tibetans. Healthy Tibetans showed increased right ventricular size, decreased diastolic function, and increased systolic function compared to the Han counterparts.

Hidatidosis poliquística autóctona en dos pacientes Yanomami en el Alto Orinoco, Amazonas, Venezuela / Polycystic hydatid disease in two patients indigenous Yanomami in the Upper Orinoco, Amazonas, Venezuela

La infección por Echinococcus sp. es hipoendémica en Venezuela. Sólo cuatro casos de hidatidosis autóctona por E. vogeli han sido reportados, tres de ellos en la región de la Guayana venezolana. En Febrero del año 2009 se realizó el diagnóstico clínico-sero-epidemiológico de hidatidosis poliquística en una paciente femenina de la etnia Yanomami, procedente de Parima B, Alto Orinoco, en la Amazonía venezolana. Se resolvió con tratamiento médico y quirúrgico por laparoscopia y se evidenció en el quiste la presencia de ganchos rostelares compatibles con E. vogeli. En Abril del 2009 en una segunda paciente Yanomami de igual procedencia, se le diagnosticó hidatidosis por E. vogeli siendo operada exitosamente por cirugía laparoscópica asistida por robot. Dos casos humanos en una misma población y la presencia de factores de riesgo como la tenencia de perros domésticos y la comunicación por informantes indígenas del hallazgo de quistes en hígados de animales de cacería (Cuniculus paca o lapa y Dasyprocta sp. o picure), hacen pensar en transmisión activa en la cuenca del Alto Orinoco y en zonas selváticas de la Guayana venezolana. El presente, es el primer registro de casos de hidatidosis poliquística en indígenas de la etnia Yanomami.

Infection by Echinococcus sp. is hypoendemic in Venezuela. Only four cases of autochthonous E. vogeli hydatidosis have been reported, including three in the Venezuelan region of Guayana. In February 2009, based on epidemiological data, signs and symptoms and serological tests, a female patient of the Yanomami ethnic group, was diagnosed with a polycystic hydatid disease in Parima B, Alto Orinoco, in the Venezuelan Amazon. Rostellar hooks compatible with E. vogeli were found in the cyst. It was resolved with medical and surgical treatment by laparoscopy. A second Yanomami patient from the same location was diagnosed with E. vogeli hydatidosis in April 2009, being successfully operated with robot-assisted laparoscopy. Two human cases in the same population and the presence of risk factors such as domestic dog ownership and findings of cysts in livers of hunted animals (such as Cuniculus and Dasyprocta sp.) reported by indigenous informants, suggest active transmission in the Upper Orinoco basin and forested areas of the Venezuelan Guayana. These are the first reported cases of polycystic hydatid disease of the Yanomami ethnic group.

Hydatid disease in the Hamar of Ethiopia: a public health problem for women.

A population-based study of hydatid disease was conducted among the Hamar of Ethiopia. Seven of 990 patients examined with a portable ultrasound scanner proved to have cysts (0.7% prevalence). Cysts were most common (4.7%) among women > or = 40 years of age. Only one male presented with a cyst. These results indicate a sex-specific hydatid public health problem in this tribe.

[The distribution of ABO system blood groups in patients with unilocular echinococcosis]. / Raspredelenie grupp krovi sistemy ABO u bol'nykh odnokamernym ékhinokokkozom.

The distribution of the AB0 blood groups was investigated in 624 patients with echinococcosis operated on and in 579 persons whose sera were subjected to IHAT with echinococcosis diagnosticum. Higher disease incidence was recorded in patients with the A (II) blood, especially in males, as compared to the controls. Simultaneous involvement of the liver, lungs and other organs was more common in them. Rh-positive patients predominated both in the A (II) and control groups. Blood group distribution with regard to IHAT findings failed to reveal any regular features.