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1.
Int. j. morphol ; 27(4): 1147-1153, dic. 2009. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-582065

ABSTRACT

The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of albendazole sulphoxide (ABZSO), administered to Wistar rats during pregnancy on embryonic, foetal and placental parameters. A colpocytological control was performed daily and detection of spermatozoa in the vaginal smear was considered as day 0 of pregnancy. For the preimplantational study, ABZSO (10 mg/kg) was orally administered at day 2 of pregnancy; at day 4 the embryos were collected. For the postimplantational study, ABZSO (10 mg/kg) was orally administered by gavages at day 2, 6 or 10 of pregnancy (G2, G6 and G10 Groups respectively); the control group was administered the same volume of carboxymethylcellulose vehicle used to prepare the drug suspension. Fetuses were obtained from pregnant rats sacrificed on day 20 of gestation. Maternal body weight gains were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA test. Embryonic and foetal variables were analized on a per litter basis by the Kruskal-Wallis test. Skeletal anomalies were analyzed using an X² test. The significance level accepted was established at P<0.05. In the preimplantational analysis, the cleavage rate was lower in the experimental group (P<0.05). In the postimplantational analysis there were no differences in the net weight increase among females of the different groups (P>0.05). The number of fetuses and the foetal vesicles weight were lower in the G10 group (P<0.05). This group showed the highest percentage of resorptions (P<0.05) and fetuses morphologically abnormal. An increase in the number of bones affected in fetuses of G6 and G10 groups was observed. The most common malformations were at vertebral, costal and head level. Weights and placental diameters were lower in the G10 group (P<0.05). We conclude that ABZSO at the dose used in this study affects the cleavage rate in preimplantational embryo development, without interrupting pregnancy. Furthermore; the developmental toxicity is related to day of administration.


El objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar los efectos de albendazol sulfóxido (ABZSO) durante la gestación de ratas Wistar, sobre parámetros embrionarios, fetales y placentarios. Se efectuó colpocitología diaria de las hembras considerándose día 0 de gestación el día de aparición de espermatozoides en vagina. Estudio preimplantacional: ABZSO (10 mg/kg) fue dosificado oralmente el día 2 de gestación; el día 4 de gestación se realizó la recolección de embriones. Estudio post-implantacional: ABZSO (10 mg/kg) fue dosificado oralmente los días 2, 6 ó 10 de gestación (Grupos G2, G6 y G10, respectivamente). Hembras controles recibieron carboximetilcelulosa, vehículo usado para solubilizar la droga. Las hembras fueron sacrificadas al día 20 de gestación. Variables embrionarias y fetales fueron analizadas sobre la base de las camadas mediante test de Kruskal-Wallis; ganancia de peso de las madres por ANOVA y porcentaje de fetos con alteraciones esqueléticas mediante X2. Estudio preimplantacional: la tasa de recolección embrionaria, el número de embriones recolectados y el porcentaje de diferenciación fueron similares entre grupos (P>0,05). La velocidad de clivaje fue menor en el grupo experimental (P<0,05). Estudio post-implantacional: la ganancia de peso de las madres no difirió entre grupos (P>0,05), el número de fetos y el peso de las vesículas fetales fueron menores en el grupo G10 (P<0,05). Los porcentajes de reabsorciones y de fetos con características morfológicas anormales fueron mayores en el grupo G10 (P<0,05). Las alteraciones esqueléticas fueron mayores en los grupos G6 y G10 (P<0,05) observándose con mayor frecuencia en vértebras, costillas y cabeza. Pesos y diámetros placentarios fueron menores en el grupo G10 (P<0,05). Se concluye que, bajo las condiciones del presente estudio, el ABZSO administrado en la etapa preimplantacional afecta la velocidad de clivaje sin detener la gestación mientras que su efecto en el desarrollo post-implantacional...


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Pregnancy , Albendazole/toxicity , Embryonic Structures , Fetus , Placenta , Analysis of Variance , Albendazole/pharmacology , Pregnancy , Embryonic Structures/pathology , Fetus/pathology , Placenta/pathology , Rats, Wistar
2.
Rev. chil. ultrason ; 10(4): 129-134, 2007. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-499188

ABSTRACT

Se presenta una revisión actualizada de la sonoembriología y su rol en el diagnóstico de normalidad y patología en el desarrollo temprano del producto de la concepción. Para el logro de este objetivo se exponen conceptos embriológicos, bioquímicos, morfológicos, ultrasonográficos y clínicos que permitan proponer parámetros diagnósticos consensuados a partir de la evidencia acumulada.


We present a review of sonoembriology and the role of ultrasound in normal and abnormal embryo examination during early pregnancy. We review embryology, biochemical and sonographics literature and propose best evidences based diagnosis criteria during early embryo development.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Embryonic Development/physiology , Embryonic Structures , Pregnancy Trimester, First/physiology , Embryonic Structures/pathology , Ultrasonography, Prenatal/methods
3.
Pediatr Res ; 59(4 Pt 1): 489-93, 2006 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16549517

ABSTRACT

Low birth weight (LBW) infants with reduced nephron numbers have significantly increased risk for hypertension later in life, which is a devastating health problem. The risk from a reduction in nephron number alone is not clear. Recently, using conditional knock-out approach, we have developed a mutant mouse with reduced nephron number in utero and no change in birth weight, by deleting fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (fgfr2) in the ureteric bud. Our purpose was to investigate the role of in utero reduced nephron number alone in absence of LBW as a risk for developing hypertension in adulthood. Using tail cuff blood pressure measurements we observed significant increases in systolic blood pressure in one year old mutant mice versus controls. We also detected cardiac end-organ injury from hypertension as shown by significant increases in normalized heart weights, left ventricular (LV) wall thickness, and LV tissue area. Two-dimensional echocardiography revealed no changes in cardiac output and therefore significant increases in systemic vascular resistance in mutants versus controls. We also observed increases in serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels and histologic evidence of glomerular and renal tubular injury in mutant mice versus controls. Thus, these studies suggest that our mutant mice may serve as a relevant model to study the link between reduction of nephron number in utero and the risk of hypertension and chronic renal failure in adulthood.


Subject(s)
Hypertension , Nephrons , Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2/genetics , Animals , Blood Pressure/physiology , Body Weight , Disease Models, Animal , Embryonic Structures/metabolism , Embryonic Structures/pathology , Humans , Infant, Low Birth Weight , Infant, Newborn , Mice , Mice, Knockout , Nephrons/anatomy & histology , Nephrons/embryology , Nephrons/metabolism , Nephrons/pathology , Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2/metabolism , Ventricular Remodeling
4.
J Clin Invest ; 115(9): 2373-81, 2005 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16127465

ABSTRACT

Here we describe 2 mutations in growth and differentiation factor 5 (GDF5) that alter receptor-binding affinities. They cause brachydactyly type A2 (L441P) and symphalangism (R438L), conditions previously associated with mutations in the GDF5 receptor bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 1b (BMPR1B) and the BMP antagonist NOGGIN, respectively. We expressed the mutant proteins in limb bud micromass culture and treated ATDC5 and C2C12 cells with recombinant GDF5. Our results indicated that the L441P mutant is almost inactive. The R438L mutant, in contrast, showed increased biological activity when compared with WT GDF5. Biosensor interaction analyses revealed loss of binding to BMPR1A and BMPR1B ectodomains for the L441P mutant, whereas the R438L mutant showed normal binding to BMPR1B but increased binding to BMPR1A, the receptor normally activated by BMP2. The binding to NOGGIN was normal for both mutants. Thus, the brachydactyly type A2 phenotype (L441P) is caused by inhibition of the ligand-receptor interaction, whereas the symphalangism phenotype (R438L) is caused by a loss of receptor-binding specificity, resulting in a gain of function by the acquisition of BMP2-like properties. The presented experiments have identified some of the main determinants of GDF5 receptor-binding specificity in vivo and open new prospects for generating antagonists and superagonists of GDF5.


Subject(s)
Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors, Type I , Bone Morphogenetic Proteins , Fingers/pathology , Limb Deformities, Congenital/genetics , Point Mutation , Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors, Type I/genetics , Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors, Type I/metabolism , Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/chemistry , Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/genetics , Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/metabolism , Carrier Proteins/genetics , Carrier Proteins/metabolism , Cell Differentiation , Cell Line , Embryonic Structures/anatomy & histology , Embryonic Structures/pathology , Embryonic Structures/physiology , Fingers/diagnostic imaging , Growth Differentiation Factor 5 , Humans , In Situ Hybridization , Limb Deformities, Congenital/pathology , Mice , Molecular Sequence Data , Phenotype , Protein Binding , Protein Conformation , Radiography , Recombinant Proteins/genetics , Recombinant Proteins/metabolism , Sequence Alignment , Tissue Culture Techniques
5.
Dev Biol ; 280(1): 73-86, 2005 Apr 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15766749

ABSTRACT

We have examined wound healing during regeneration of Drosophila wing imaginal discs fragments by confocal microscopy and assessed the role of components of the JNK pathway in this process. After cutting, columnar and peripodial epithelia cells at the wound edge start to close the wound through formation and contraction of an actin cable. This is followed by a zipping process through filopodial protrusions from both epithelia knitting the wound edges from proximal to distal areas of the disc. Activation of the JNK pathway is involved in such process. puckered (puc) expression is induced in several rows of cells at the edge of the wound, whereas absence of JNK pathway activity brought about by hemipterous, basket, and Dfos mutants impair wound healing. These defects are accompanied by lowered or loss of expression of puc. In support of a role of puc in wound healing, hep mutant phenotypes are rescued by reducing puc function, whereas overexpression of puc inhibits wound healing. Altogether, these results demonstrate a role for the JNK pathway in imaginal disc wound healing, similar to that reported for other healing processes such as embryonic dorsal closure, thoracic closure, and adult epithelial wound healing in Drosophila. Differences with such processes are also highlighted.


Subject(s)
Drosophila melanogaster , Embryonic Structures/pathology , Embryonic Structures/physiology , JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism , MAP Kinase Signaling System/physiology , Regeneration/physiology , Wings, Animal , Animals , Cytoskeleton/metabolism , Drosophila Proteins/genetics , Drosophila Proteins/metabolism , Drosophila melanogaster/anatomy & histology , Drosophila melanogaster/physiology , Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental , Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases/genetics , Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases/metabolism , Phosphoprotein Phosphatases/genetics , Phosphoprotein Phosphatases/metabolism , Wings, Animal/pathology , Wings, Animal/physiology
6.
Prog. obstet. ginecol. (Ed. impr.) ; 47(4): 177-185, abr. 2004. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-32162

ABSTRACT

Los avances en los equipos ecográficos y la realización de técnicas invasivas durante el primer trimestre del embarazo han permitido un acercamiento sin precedentes al entendimiento del desarrollo embrionario. Durante el primer trimestre del embarazo, el análisis de las muestras procedentes de suero materno, celoma extraembrionario, saco vitelino y saco amniótico, obtenidas tanto en humanos como en modelos animales, han puesto de manifiesto los cambios sucesivos que se producen en las características fisicoquímicas de estos líquidos en respuesta al desarrollo del propio embrión y sus anejos (AU)


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Fetal Development/radiation effects , Fetal Development/physiology , Pregnancy Trimester, First/physiology , Pregnancy Trimester, First/radiation effects , Yolk Sac , Yolk Sac/pathology , Amniocentesis/methods , Amniocentesis/history , Amniocentesis , Embryonic Structures/pathology , Embryonic Structures , Embryonic Structures/cytology , Embryology/methods , Amniocentesis/classification
7.
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol ; 22(6): 927-33, 2002 Jun 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12067900

ABSTRACT

Vascular development and maturation are dependent on the interactions of endothelial cell integrins with surrounding extracellular matrix. Previous investigations of the primacy of certain integrins in vascular development have not addressed whether this could also be a secondary effect due to poor embryonic nutrition. Here, we show that the alpha5 integrin subunit and fibronectin have critical roles in blood vessel development in mouse embryos and in embryoid bodies (EBs) differentiated from embryonic stem cells (a situation in which there is no nutritional deficit caused by the mutations). In contrast, vascular development in vivo and in vitro is not strongly dependent on alpha(v) or beta3 integrin subunits. In mouse embryos lacking alpha5 integrin, greatly distended blood vessels are seen in the vitelline yolk sac and in the embryo itself. Additionally, overall blood vessel pattern complexity is reduced in alpha5-null tissues. This defective vascular phenotype is correlated with a decrease in the ligand for alpha5 integrin, fibronectin (FN), in the endothelial basement membranes. A striking and significant reduction in early capillary plexus formation and maturation was apparent in EBs formed from embryonic stem cells lacking alpha5 integrin or FN compared with wild-type EBs or EBs lacking alpha(v) or beta3 integrin subunits. Vessel phenotype could be partially restored to FN-null EBs by the addition of whole FN to the culture system. These findings confirm a clear role for alpha5 and FN in early blood vessel development not dependent on embryo nutrition or alpha(v) or beta3 integrin subunits. Thus, successful early vasculogenesis and angiogenesis require alpha5-FN interactions.


Subject(s)
Embryo, Mammalian/blood supply , Embryonic Structures/blood supply , Endothelium, Vascular/embryology , Receptors, Fibronectin/physiology , Animals , Blood Vessels/embryology , Blood Vessels/pathology , Blood Vessels/physiology , Cell Differentiation/genetics , Cells, Cultured , Embryo, Mammalian/pathology , Embryo, Mammalian/physiology , Embryonic Structures/pathology , Embryonic Structures/physiology , Endothelium, Vascular/pathology , Endothelium, Vascular/physiology , Mice , Phenotype , Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/metabolism , Receptors, Fibronectin/biosynthesis , Receptors, Fibronectin/deficiency , Receptors, Fibronectin/genetics , Stem Cells/chemistry , Stem Cells/pathology , Stem Cells/physiology
8.
Arch. venez. pueric. pediatr ; 62(2): 52-61, abr.-jun. 1999.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-261592

ABSTRACT

A través de los siglos, las sociedades han sentido temor por los efectos adversos que puede tener el entorno en el desarrollo del feto. Se conocen como teratógenos los agentes farmacológicos, químicos, físicos o infecciosos que actúan sobre el embrión o el feto ocasionando daño estructural o funcional. En este sentido, hemos hecho una revisión sobre los daños ocasionados al embrión y al feto por las drogas ilícitas a fin de ayudar a los pediatras en el reconocimiento de las anomalías producidas por ellas, entender el curso de dichos trastornos y así poder orientar al niño, a su familia y a la comunidad. Igualmente alertar a los adolescentes sobre el riesgo a que está sometida su descendencia en caso de consumirlas durante el embarazo . El efecto teratogénico de algunas de ellas es bien conocido como el de el alcohol y la cocaina, pero en otras está en estudio, de allí nuestro interés en investigar el posible efecto teratogénico u otros efectos de la marihuana, ácido lisérico (LSD), nicotina y cafeína, anfetaminas y solventes inorgánicos. Es de hacer notar que no se conoce ninguna estadística en nuestro país sobre esta problemática


Subject(s)
Pregnancy , Child , Male , Female , Humans , Embryonic Structures/embryology , Embryonic Structures/pathology , Fetus/pathology , Teratogens/pharmacology , Teratogens/chemistry
9.
Rev. Fac. Cienc. Méd. (Córdoba) ; 56(2): 35-47, 1999. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-262072

ABSTRACT

Se evalúa uma técnica de impregnación metálica, doble impregnación de Del Río Hortega, para evidenciar rabdomioblastos y neuroblastos, con recomendaciones sobre los tiempos de impregnación para obtener mejores resultados. Las imágenes obtenidas son muy demostrativas, tanto de los elementos embrionarios del mesénquima primitivo desde mioblasto, miotubo a célula acintada rabdomiobástica con estraciones transversales, hasta los elementos neopláticos de esta estripe. Y de los neuroblastos con sus prolongaciones. El material de estudio incluye un Tumor de Wilms renal con rabdomioblastos y neuroblastos, y un Neuroblastoma de cerebelo con componente rabdomioblástico. A estas lesiones se las considera desembrioplasias. Además se estudiaron 2 Rabdomiosarcomas embrionarios botrioides, uno de ellos de presentación inusual en una mujer menopáusica, 2 Tumores müllerianos mixtos de útero y trompa de Falopio, un Rabdomioma de faringe, y 3 embriones humanos de material de aborto entre 5 y 13 semanas. Destacamos la utilidad de la doble impregnación para estudiar rabdomioblastos y neuroblastos. En los Rabdomiosarcomas se pueden ver estructuras y elementos comparables con los de la etapa embrionaria: células raquetoides, acintadas, miotubos, rabdomioblastos. El Tumor de Wilms es un tumor disembrioplásico y está constituido por el blastema renal. En él hemos encontrado rabdomioblastos y neuroblastos. En el Neuroblastoma del cerebelo servamos rabdomioblastos con cierta organicidad (ectomeséquima). Y por último describimos un caso poco frecuente de Ragdomiosarcoma botrioide de cuello uterino en una mujer menopáusica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Middle Aged , Cerebellar Neoplasms/pathology , Neoplasms, Complex and Mixed/pathology , Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue/pathology , Neuroblastoma/pathology , Silver Staining/methods , Embryonic Structures/pathology , Fallopian Tube Neoplasms/pathology , Kidney Neoplasms/pathology , Mixed Tumor, Mullerian/pathology , Pharyngeal Neoplasms/pathology , Rhabdomyoma/pathology , Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonal/pathology , Time Factors , Uterine Neoplasms/pathology , Wilms Tumor/pathology
10.
Rev. Fac. Cienc. Méd. [Córdoba] ; 56(2): 35-47, 1999. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-12562

ABSTRACT

Se evalúa uma técnica de impregnación metálica, doble impregnación de Del Río Hortega, para evidenciar rabdomioblastos y neuroblastos, con recomendaciones sobre los tiempos de impregnación para obtener mejores resultados. Las imágenes obtenidas son muy demostrativas, tanto de los elementos embrionarios del mesénquima primitivo desde mioblasto, miotubo a célula acintada rabdomiobástica con estraciones transversales, hasta los elementos neopláticos de esta estripe. Y de los neuroblastos con sus prolongaciones. El material de estudio incluye un Tumor de Wilms renal con rabdomioblastos y neuroblastos, y un Neuroblastoma de cerebelo con componente rabdomioblástico. A estas lesiones se las considera desembrioplasias. Además se estudiaron 2 Rabdomiosarcomas embrionarios botrioides, uno de ellos de presentación inusual en una mujer menopáusica, 2 Tumores m³llerianos mixtos de útero y trompa de Falopio, un Rabdomioma de faringe, y 3 embriones humanos de material de aborto entre 5 y 13 semanas. Destacamos la utilidad de la doble impregnación para estudiar rabdomioblastos y neuroblastos. En los Rabdomiosarcomas se pueden ver estructuras y elementos comparables con los de la etapa embrionaria: células raquetoides, acintadas, miotubos, rabdomioblastos. El Tumor de Wilms es un tumor disembrioplásico y está constituido por el blastema renal. En él hemos encontrado rabdomioblastos y neuroblastos. En el Neuroblastoma del cerebelo servamos rabdomioblastos con cierta organicidad (ectomeséquima). Y por último describimos un caso poco frecuente de Ragdomiosarcoma botrioide de cuello uterino en una mujer menopáusica. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Middle Aged , Aged , Neoplasms, Complex and Mixed/pathology , Neuroblastoma/pathology , Cerebellar Neoplasms/pathology , Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue/pathology , Silver Staining/methods , Wilms Tumor/pathology , Kidney Neoplasms/pathology , /pathology , Uterine Neoplasms/pathology , Fallopian Tube Neoplasms/pathology , Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonal/pathology , Rhabdomyoma/pathology , Pharyngeal Neoplasms/pathology , Embryonic Structures/pathology , Time Factors
11.
Rev. ginecol. obstet ; 4(1): 43-5, jan. 1993.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-136588

ABSTRACT

Um caso de sindrome de Meckel-Gruber foi diagnosticado por embrioscopia com 10 semanas de amenorreia, permitindo a interrupcao precoce da gestacao. O exame anatomo-patologico confirmou a presenca de polidactilia e as lesoes cisticas renais bilaterais dos mesonefrons e metanefrons


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Prenatal Diagnosis/methods , Fetus/abnormalities , Embryonic Structures/pathology , Short Rib-Polydactyly Syndrome/diagnosis
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