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1.
Rev Col Bras Cir ; 49: e20223387, 2023.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36629720

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: many studies have demonstrated the benefits of helmet to prevent and reduce severity of injuries in motorcyclists. OBJECTIVE: the aim of the present study was to evaluate a possible relationship between the use of different types of helmets and the occurrence of facial injuries among victims of motorcycle accidents, seen at Hospital da Restauração, Recife/PE, Brazil. MATERIALS AND METHODS: demographic and trauma data were collected from hospitalized motorcycle accident victims with facial injuries from December 2020 to July 2021. Pearsons chi-square test was used to assess association between two categorical variables using a margin of error of 5%. RESULTS: among the participants, the average age was 33.46 years. The age group between 18 and 29 years was the most prevalent. Most participants were male. 60.0% of motorcyclists used helmets at the time of the accident and of this percentage 37.6% used fixed full-face helmet, 16.5% open-face helmet and the other 5.9% articulated full-face helmet. 62.7% of participants had facial fractures. Among the fractures, those of the zygomatic-orbital complex were the most common fracture and were significantly associated with the use of helmets, especially with open-face helmet. CONCLUSIONS: the use of helmets was associated with a lower number of facial fractures among patients who were victims of motorcycle accidents. Fracture of the zygomatic-orbital complex was related to the absence of a helmet at the time of the accident, as well as the use of open-face helmets.


Subject(s)
Facial Injuries , Skull Fractures , Humans , Male , Adult , Adolescent , Young Adult , Female , Prospective Studies , Head Protective Devices , Accidents, Traffic , Motorcycles , Facial Injuries/epidemiology , Facial Injuries/etiology , Facial Injuries/prevention & control
2.
J Oral Maxillofac Surg ; 79(7): 1492-1506, 2021 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33762165

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: This article consists of a systematic review of the literature, which verified whether the use and types of helmets reduce the occurrence and severity of facial fractures in hospitalized motorcyclists after traffic accidents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prevalence studies and cohort studies, published in Latin American languages with no restrictions on publication dates, were considered. Two authors independently screened reference lists for eligible articles, assessed them for inclusion criteria, and extracted the data using a specific form. Twenty-six articles were selected, all prevalence studies. RESULTS: The patients who used a helmet had a lower prevalence and severity of facial fractures, compared to patients who did not wear a helmet. There were no differences in the occurrence of lower third fractures between patients who used or did not wear a helmet at the time of the trauma; as well as in meta-analysis of occurrence and severity of facial trauma between helmet types (open or closed). CONCLUSIONS: It can be concluded that the use of helmet leads to a lower number of fractures and severity of trauma when compared to nonuse. Regarding the type of helmet, there was no difference in the occurrence and severity of facial fracture in individuals who used closed or opened helmets.


Subject(s)
Craniocerebral Trauma , Facial Injuries , Accidents, Traffic , Facial Injuries/epidemiology , Facial Injuries/prevention & control , Head Protective Devices , Humans , Motorcycles
3.
Int Dent J ; 69(1): 25-34, 2019 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29808910

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Although there is evidence that mouthguards prevent orofacial trauma occurrence during sport practice, the influence of this device on athletic performance has not been systematically quantified. OBJECTIVES: We aim to systematically review the literature to determine the effect of mouthguards on athletic performance and if the type of mouthguard influences this overcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comprehensive search was performed in the Systematic Electronic Databases: Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library from their inception to February 2017. The publications were grouped based on their outcome: (i) the use of mouthguards; or (ii) the type of mouthguards. We conducted descriptive analyses and quality assessments of the included studies. RESULTS: The search identified 489 citations. After screening the studies, we identified 15 trials comprising a population of 312 athletes. According to the risk of bias evaluation, nine studies were considered 'high' risk of bias, and six 'low' risk of bias. Overall, custom-made mouthguards did not interfere or improve athletes' performance when compared with the control group (without mouthguard). Custom-made mouthguards showed the smallest range of changes in players' performance compared with other types of mouthguards. CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review provides evidence for sports professionals to advocate the use of custom-made mouthguards to prevent injury, and these devices do not impair performance. The scientific evidence should be interpreted carefully because there is a great variability in outcome measures and lack of important methodological details.


Subject(s)
Athletic Performance , Mouth Protectors , Athletic Injuries/prevention & control , Equipment Design , Facial Injuries/prevention & control , Humans , Mouth/injuries
4.
Dent Traumatol ; 34(6): 429-437, 2018 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30107079

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Mouthguards (MGs) are devices that can reduce the risks of facial trauma. However, the large variety of MG types and thicknesses raises the question of which type is the most effective and beneficial for the athletes. The aim of this study was to evaluate stress distribution in the skull, teeth, and jaws as a consequence of a direct impact. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Using modeling software, a human skull was modeled and a human jaw was created with all teeth inserted into the respective alveolus. The models were divided according to the MG type (custom-made or stock) and thickness (1, 2, and 4 mm). Two models without MG were evaluated with and without teeth contact. The geometries were exported to analysis software and the materials were considered ideal. Fixation occurred at the base of the foramen magnum. The load (500 N) was applied on the canine tooth with a ball. Maximum principal (MPa) and Von-Mises results were obtained. RESULTS: Without any protection, the generated tensile stress was of greater magnitude causing more damage in the absence of teeth contact. The presence of a MG significantly reduced the generated stress in all structures, and the customized/individualized type was more efficient than stock MGs. CONCLUSIONS: In extreme situations when it is impossible to use a MG, keeping the teeth in maximum intercuspal position is less harmful. Despite this, the use of any MG is beneficial and assists in dampening the generated stress. The thicker the device, the greater the capacity for decreasing the damage in all structures. The use of individual protectors for each patient is even more beneficial for preventing trauma during at-risk activities of impact.


Subject(s)
Cuspid/injuries , Facial Injuries/prevention & control , Mouth Protectors , Biomechanical Phenomena , Computer Simulation , Equipment Design , Finite Element Analysis , Humans , Software , Tensile Strength
5.
J Oral Sci ; 57(3): 263-7, 2015 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26369492

ABSTRACT

Orofacial trauma can occur during general anesthesia. Protective measures should be taken to prevent or minimize such injuries. We evaluated perceptions regarding the occurrence and prevention of orofacial injuries during general anesthesia among 74 professionals who perform this procedure. All participants were from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and information was collected in interviews, using a semi-structured questionnaire administered during an academic conference. The data were tabulated and analyzed, frequencies were calculated, and the chi-square test (P < 0.05) was used to assess relationships between variables of interest. Most participants (77.0%) had witnessed orofacial trauma during general anesthesia, and the most frequent type of dental injury was fracture (54.4%). Although most participants (64.9%) considered mouthguard use to be important during such procedures, only three reported using mouthguards to protect against patient injury. The likelihood of a dentist referral after injury was significantly associated with participant age (P = 0.03), length of time since graduation (P = 0.02), and area of specialization (P ≤ 0.01). Although most participants had witnessed orofacial injuries, mouthguards were not routinely used for injury prevention.


Subject(s)
Anesthesia, General/adverse effects , Facial Injuries/prevention & control , Adult , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Facial Injuries/etiology , Facial Injuries/psychology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Mouth Protectors , Perception
6.
J. bras. pneumol ; J. bras. pneumol;40(6): 652-657, Nov-Dec/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-732561

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of an oronasal interface (OI) for noninvasive ventilation, using a three-dimensional (3D) computational model with the ability to simulate and evaluate the main pressure zones (PZs) of the OI on the human face. METHODS: We used a 3D digital model of the human face, based on a pre-established geometric model. The model simulated soft tissues, skull, and nasal cartilage. The geometric model was obtained by 3D laser scanning and post-processed for use in the model created, with the objective of separating the cushion from the frame. A computer simulation was performed to determine the pressure required in order to create the facial PZs. We obtained descriptive graphical images of the PZs and their intensity. RESULTS: For the graphical analyses of each face-OI model pair and their respective evaluations, we ran 21 simulations. The computer model identified several high-impact PZs in the nasal bridge and paranasal regions. The variation in soft tissue depth had a direct impact on the amount of pressure applied (438-724 cmH2O). CONCLUSIONS: The computer simulation results indicate that, in patients submitted to noninvasive ventilation with an OI, the probability of skin lesion is higher in the nasal bridge and paranasal regions. This methodology could increase the applicability of biomechanical research on noninvasive ventilation interfaces, providing the information needed in order to choose the interface that best minimizes the risk of skin lesion. .


OBJETIVO: Estudar os efeitos de uma interface oronasal (IO) durante a ventilação não invasiva usando um modelo computacional tridimensional (3D) com a capacidade de simular e avaliar os principais pontos de pressão (PP) na face humana. MÉTODOS: Foi utilizado um modelo digital 3D da face humana, baseado em um geométrico pré-estabelecido. O modelo simulava tecidos moles, crânio e cartilagem nasal. O modelo geométrico foi obtido por varredura a laser 3D e pós-processado para uso no modelo criado. Uma simulação computacional foi realizada para determinar a pressão necessária para criar os PP faciais com o objetivo de separar a almofada da parte rígida da IO. Imagens gráficas descritivas dos PP e de sua intensidade foram obtidas. RESULTADOS: Para as análises gráficas de cada par de modelos face-IO e suas respectivas avaliações, foram realizadas 21 simulações. O modelo computacional identificou vários PP com alto impacto sobre a ponte nasal e área paranasal. A variação da profundidade nos tecidos moles teve um impacto direto na quantidade da pressão aplicada (438-724 cmH2O). CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados da simulação computacional indicam que, em pacientes submetidos à ventilação não invasiva com uma IO, a probabilidade de ocorrência de lesões cutâneas é maior na ponte nasal e nas áreas paranasais. Esta metodologia pode aumentar a aplicabilidade na investigação biomecânica das interfaces de ventilação não invasiva, fornecendo informações necessárias para a escolha de uma IO que minimize o risco de lesão ...


Subject(s)
Humans , Computer Simulation , Face/anatomy & histology , Noninvasive Ventilation/instrumentation , Respiratory Insufficiency/therapy , Acute Disease , Equipment Design , Facial Injuries/prevention & control , Masks , Noninvasive Ventilation/methods , Positive-Pressure Respiration/instrumentation , Positive-Pressure Respiration/methods
7.
J Oral Maxillofac Surg ; 72(3): 542-9, 2014 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24326016

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Motorcycle crash helmets do not totally prevent head and facial trauma. The aim of this study was to investigate if protection offered by helmets differs according to helmet type. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, outpatient records of motorcyclists were analyzed for the Facial Injury Severity Scale (FISS), traumatic brain injury (TBI), facial fractures, and helmet use. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Fisher and Bonferroni tests, bivariate regression analysis, and 1-way analysis of variance. RESULTS: There were 253 motorcyclists who sustained craniomaxillofacial injuries and were referred for outpatient treatment (men, 88.9%; mean age, 29.64 ± 11.6 yr); 60.1% had up to 9 years of formal education; 156 patients reported not using crash helmets, 51 were using open-face helmets, and 46 were using full-face helmets. The mean FISS score was significantly higher for unhelmeted riders compared with full-face helmet riders (P = .047), with no difference between unhelmeted riders and open-face helmet users (P = 1.00). Results for TBI were statistically greater for those wearing open-face helmets compared with full-face helmets (P = .035). CONCLUSION: In this study, a large percentage of motorcyclists had facial fractures and TBI, and crash helmets did not always offer adequate protection against craniomaxillofacial injury, especially open-face helmets. Thus, further investigation into helmet types and quality of protection offered is recommended.


Subject(s)
Accidents, Traffic , Brain Injuries/prevention & control , Facial Injuries/prevention & control , Head Protective Devices , Motorcycles , Skull Fractures/prevention & control , Adult , Analysis of Variance , Brazil , Cohort Studies , Equipment Design , Female , Humans , Male , Regression Analysis , Retrospective Studies , Safety , Trauma Severity Indices , Young Adult
8.
J Bras Pneumol ; 40(6): 652-7, 2014.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25610506

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of an oronasal interface (OI) for noninvasive ventilation, using a three-dimensional (3D) computational model with the ability to simulate and evaluate the main pressure zones (PZs) of the OI on the human face. METHODS: We used a 3D digital model of the human face, based on a pre-established geometric model. The model simulated soft tissues, skull, and nasal cartilage. The geometric model was obtained by 3D laser scanning and post-processed for use in the model created, with the objective of separating the cushion from the frame. A computer simulation was performed to determine the pressure required in order to create the facial PZs. We obtained descriptive graphical images of the PZs and their intensity. RESULTS: For the graphical analyses of each face-OI model pair and their respective evaluations, we ran 21 simulations. The computer model identified several high-impact PZs in the nasal bridge and paranasal regions. The variation in soft tissue depth had a direct impact on the amount of pressure applied (438-724 cmH2O). CONCLUSIONS: The computer simulation results indicate that, in patients submitted to noninvasive ventilation with an OI, the probability of skin lesion is higher in the nasal bridge and paranasal regions. This methodology could increase the applicability of biomechanical research on noninvasive ventilation interfaces, providing the information needed in order to choose the interface that best minimizes the risk of skin lesion.


OBJETIVO: Estudar os efeitos de uma interface oronasal (IO) durante a ventilação não invasiva usando um modelo computacional tridimensional (3D) com a capacidade de simular e avaliar os principais pontos de pressão (PP) na face humana. MÉTODOS: Foi utilizado um modelo digital 3D da face humana, baseado em um geométrico pré-estabelecido. O modelo simulava tecidos moles, crânio e cartilagem nasal. O modelo geométrico foi obtido por varredura a laser 3D e pós-processado para uso no modelo criado. Uma simulação computacional foi realizada para determinar a pressão necessária para criar os PP faciais com o objetivo de separar a almofada da parte rígida da IO. Imagens gráficas descritivas dos PP e de sua intensidade foram obtidas. RESULTADOS: Para as análises gráficas de cada par de modelos face-IO e suas respectivas avaliações, foram realizadas 21 simulações. O modelo computacional identificou vários PP com alto impacto sobre a ponte nasal e área paranasal. A variação da profundidade nos tecidos moles teve um impacto direto na quantidade da pressão aplicada (438-724 cmH2O). CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados da simulação computacional indicam que, em pacientes submetidos à ventilação não invasiva com uma IO, a probabilidade de ocorrência de lesões cutâneas é maior na ponte nasal e nas áreas paranasais. Esta metodologia pode aumentar a aplicabilidade na investigação biomecânica das interfaces de ventilação não invasiva, fornecendo informações necessárias para a escolha de uma IO que minimize o risco de lesão na pele.


Subject(s)
Computer Simulation , Face/anatomy & histology , Noninvasive Ventilation/instrumentation , Respiratory Insufficiency/therapy , Acute Disease , Equipment Design , Facial Injuries/prevention & control , Humans , Masks , Noninvasive Ventilation/methods , Positive-Pressure Respiration/instrumentation , Positive-Pressure Respiration/methods
11.
J Craniofac Surg ; 23(4): 982-5, 2012 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22777446

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this research was to study the influence of the use of helmet in facial trauma victims of motorcycle accidents with moderate traumatic brain injury. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the incidence of facial injuries in helmeted and nonhelmeted victims with moderate traumatic brain injury at a referral trauma hospital. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 272 patients predominantly men (94.5%) and between 21 and 40 years old (62.9%). The majority of patients were using helmet (80.1%). The occurrence of facial fractures was most frequent for zygomatic bone (51.8%), followed by mandible (18.8%) and nasal bones (9.2%). CONCLUSIONS: Individuals in the most productive age group are most affected, which causes a great loss to financial and labor systems. It is important to take measures to alert the public regarding the severity of injuries likely to occur in motorcycle-related accidents and ways to prevent them.


Subject(s)
Accidents, Traffic , Brain Injuries/prevention & control , Facial Injuries/prevention & control , Head Protective Devices , Motorcycles , Adult , Brain Injuries/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Chi-Square Distribution , Facial Injuries/epidemiology , Female , Glasgow Coma Scale , Humans , Incidence , Injury Severity Score , Male , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors
12.
J Craniofac Surg ; 23(4): 1201-2, 2012 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22801128

ABSTRACT

The objective of the study was to report the prevention of facial reinjury of a volleyball player using a custom-made protective facial shield. A custom-made protective partial facial shield was fabricated using polymethylmethacrylate and was fitted with a soft lining material to provide additional comfort and protection to the injured area. Facial protection provides greater security against possible facial injuries and allows injured areas to recover during sports practice.


Subject(s)
Athletic Injuries/prevention & control , Facial Injuries/prevention & control , Head Protective Devices , Volleyball/injuries , Equipment Design , Humans , Male , Polymethyl Methacrylate
13.
J Sci Med Sport ; 15(1): 14-8, 2012 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21964356

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of incidents involving the craniofacial region during Brazilian Professional Soccer League matches. The mechanisms of these incidents and the association between their characteristics and severity were also analyzed. DESIGN: Prospective Epidemiology Study. METHODS: A total of 113 first division matches of the Brazilian Soccer League were analyzed in 2009. Data collected included incident type, site affected, causing agent, severity, player position, field zone, referee decision and time of the match when the incident took place. Descriptive analysis considered absolute and relative frequencies and 95% confidence intervals. Fisher Exact Tests were used to test associations (p≤0.05). RESULTS: Out of all matches, in 84.1% at least one craniofacial region related incident happened, totaling 227 incidents (mean of 2.0 per match). With reference to incident mechanisms and characteristics, 91.2% were hits and the most affected site was the face (70.0%). The most frequent causing agent was the upper extremity (59.5%) and the most frequently affected player was the striker (31.7%). The incident severity was associated with player position (p<0.01), the causing agent (p<0.01), field zone (p<0.01), site affected (p=0.03) and incident type (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Soccer presented a high number of incidents against head and face during professional practice in Brazil, representing a real risk to athletes. Preventive strategies should be focused on game rule observance and "fair play".


Subject(s)
Facial Injuries/etiology , Head Injuries, Closed/etiology , Soccer , Videotape Recording , Athletic Injuries/epidemiology , Athletic Injuries/etiology , Athletic Injuries/prevention & control , Brazil/epidemiology , Facial Injuries/epidemiology , Facial Injuries/prevention & control , Head Injuries, Closed/epidemiology , Head Injuries, Closed/prevention & control , Humans , Prospective Studies
14.
Clinics (Sao Paulo) ; 65(10): 1043-7, 2010.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21120309

ABSTRACT

Traffic accidents are a reality throughout Brazil. The face is one of the anatomic parts most affected by these accidents, especially when a seat belt is not used. These accidents are costly for the public health system and have a significant impact on society and the lives of families involved. The compulsory use of seat belts in Brazil, especially in São Paulo, has decreased the rate of facial trauma. This suggests that the public health policies and measures adopted by the Brazilian authorities have benefited the population 15 years after the enactment of the law of compulsory seat belts in the city of São Paulo.


Subject(s)
Accidents, Traffic/statistics & numerical data , Facial Injuries/epidemiology , Seat Belts/legislation & jurisprudence , Brazil/epidemiology , Facial Injuries/prevention & control , Humans , Seat Belts/statistics & numerical data
15.
Braz. j. oral sci ; 9(3): 380-383, July-Sept. 2010. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BBO - Dentistry | ID: lil-578060

ABSTRACT

Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of orofacial injuries during practice of sports and the use of mouthguards by university students in the southern region of Brazil. Methods: In this cross sectionalstudy, 700 undergraduates from the University of West Santa Catarina, Brazil, filled out a questionnaire with multiple-choice questions addressing social and economic status, education level of parents, orofacial injuries from sport practice, knowledge, importance and use of mouthguards. The collected data were entered into the EpiData 3.2 program, and were analyzed by descriptive statistics and the chi-square test using STATA 8.0 statistical software package with a significance level set at 5%. Results: Out of the total number of students surveyed, 37.02%claimed to have already sustained some kind of orofacial injury. Out of these, only 9.90% sought dental assistance after trauma. The most common injuries were: bleeding 54.55%, swelling23.72%, and dental fractures 16.21%. Among the interviewees, 19.24% had already used mouth guard and 44.89% considered its use as important. Conclusions: The prevalence oforofacial injuries during sport activities was high in the studied sample and only few of the interviewed university students used individual protection measures to avoid these injuries.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Athletic Injuries/epidemiology , Facial Injuries/epidemiology , Mouth Protectors , Athletic Injuries/prevention & control , Brazil/epidemiology , Chi-Square Distribution , Cross-Sectional Studies , Facial Injuries/prevention & control , Sex Distribution , Socioeconomic Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires , Tooth Injuries/epidemiology , Tooth Injuries/prevention & control
16.
Acta ortop. bras ; Acta ortop. bras;18(6): 335-338, 2010. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-570535

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Realizar um estudo epidemiológico das fraturas de face em crianças em um serviço de urgência. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo de quarenta e dois pacientes com idades variando entre zero a 17 anos, portadores de fraturas de face, tratados no Setor de Cirurgia Buco-Maxilo-Facial da Santa Casa de São Paulo, no período de janeiro de 2000 a dezembro de 2003. Os dados foram tabulados através das informações colhidas dos prontuários dos pacientes, tais como: idade, gênero, tipo de fratura, etiologia e sazonalidade. RESULTADOS: Entre os resultados encontrados, houve predominância do gênero masculino com 81 por cento da casuística, a fratura de mandíbula foi a mais prevalente, com mais de 70 por cento dos casos, os acidentes de trânsito e as quedas foram os agentes etiológicos que mais causaram fraturas. O verão foi a época do ano com mais casos de fratura e mais de 80 por cento destas necessitaram de intervenção cirúrgica para o seu tratamento. CONCLUSÃO: É necessária uma política de prevenção com uma atenção especial aos acidentes de trânsito e às quedas, que foram os agentes etiológicos que mais causaram fraturas faciais.


OBJECTIVE: To conduct an epidemiological study of facial fractures in children in an emergency room. METHODS: A retrospective study of forty-two patients, aged zero to 17 years, with facial fractures treated at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Santa Casa de São Paulo, from January 2000 to December 2003. The data were tabulated from information retrieved from patient files, such as age, gender, type of fracture, etiology and season of occurrence. RESULTS: Among the results were a predominance of males, accounting for 81 percent of all cases; jaw fracture was the most prevalent, constituting more than 70 percent of cases; and traffic accidents and falls were the etiologic agents that caused the most fractures. Summer was the season with the greatest number of cases of fracture and more than 80 percent required surgical intervention for their treatment. CONCLUSION: A policy of prevention is necessary, with special attention to traffic accidents and falls, which were the etiologic agents that caused the most facial fractures.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Facial Injuries , Facial Bones/injuries , Maxillofacial Injuries/epidemiology , Maxillofacial Injuries/rehabilitation , Accident Prevention , Brazil , Retrospective Studies , Sex Distribution , Facial Injuries/prevention & control
17.
Clinics ; Clinics;65(10): 1043-1047, 2010. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-565992

ABSTRACT

Traffic accidents are a reality throughout Brazil. The face is one of the anatomic parts most affected by these accidents, especially when a seat belt is not used. These accidents are costly for the public health system and have a significant impact on society and the lives of families involved. The compulsory use of seat belts in Brazil, especially in São Paulo, has decreased the rate of facial trauma. This suggests that the public health policies and measures adopted by the Brazilian authorities have benefited the population 15 years after the enactment of the law of compulsory seat belts in the city of São Paulo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Accidents, Traffic/statistics & numerical data , Facial Injuries/epidemiology , Seat Belts/legislation & jurisprudence , Brazil/epidemiology , Facial Injuries/prevention & control , Seat Belts
18.
Spec Care Dentist ; 29(6): 254-8, 2009.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19886938

ABSTRACT

Acute transverse myelitis (ATM) is an inflammatory disorder that affects the spinal cord. It is characterized by signs and symptoms of neurologic dysfunction in the motor and sensory tracts of the spinal cord bilaterally, resulting in weakness, sensory loss, and autonomic dysfunction with acute or subacute onset. We report on a child who had ATM and respiratory distress requiring ventilatory assistance who presented with severe self-mutilation involving his lips. Other findings included bruxism that had caused mobility of the primary teeth. Comprehensive dental care was carried out under sedation. The management of the lip trauma was achieved by the use of a soft, plastic mouth guard, and corticosteroid ointment.


Subject(s)
Bites, Human/etiology , Dental Care for Disabled , Lip/injuries , Myelitis/complications , Self Mutilation/etiology , Bites, Human/prevention & control , Bruxism/etiology , Bruxism/prevention & control , Facial Injuries/prevention & control , Humans , Infant , Male , Mouth Protectors
19.
Rev inf cient ; 63(3): 1-8, 2009. tab
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-41756

ABSTRACT

Se realiza un estudio para caracterizar nivel de conocimiento sobre trauma dentalen colectivos pedagógicos de círculos infantiles Bebé, La Edad de Oro, Los Camilitos , Flor del Caribe, Niño mío y Meñique, pertenecientes al Policlínico Universitario Mártires del 4 de Agosto, a partir de constatación empírica con aplicación de encuesta. El universo de estudio está constituido por el total de trabajadoras (156), de ellas: 65 educadoras y 91 auxiliares pedagógicas, que constituyen el total de los colectivos pedagógicos. Los resultados arrojaron existencia de nivel de conocimiento inadecuado sobre trauma dental en niños. Se recomienda implementar un programa de prevención de trauma dental que incluya capacitación y asesoría de colectivos pedagógicos de círculos infantiles del área de salud (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Tooth Injuries/prevention & control , Facial Injuries/prevention & control , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
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