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1.
J Mater Sci Mater Med ; 32(7): 79, 2021 Jun 30.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34191140

ABSTRACT

Chronic venous ulcers (CVU) of the lower limbs (LL) are common and cause psychological changes and significant social impact, as they make the patient susceptible to pain, absence from work and social bonds. Some materials are suggested as dressings for the treatment of CVU, but they are expensive and are generally not available for use in public health services. To evaluate the efficacy of the treatment for lower limbs (LL) chronic venous ulcer (CVU) using bacterial cellulose (BC), gel and multi-perforated film associated. A randomized controlled clinical-intervention study was performed among participants with LL CVU, divided into two groups: experimental (EG), treated with BC wound dressing and control (CG), treated with a cellulose acetate mesh impregnated with essential fatty acids (Rayon®). The participants were followed for 180 days, evaluated according to the MEASURE methodology. Thirty-nine patients were treated, 20 from the EG and 19 from the CG. In both groups, the wound area decreased significantly (p < 0.001), the healing rate was similar to the CG. The mean number of dressing changes in the SG was 18.33 ± 11.78, while in the CG it was 55.24 ± 25.81, p < 0.001. The healing dressing of bacterial cellulose, gel and associated film, when stimulating the epithelization of the lesions, showed a significant reduction in the initial area, with a percentage of cure similar to the Rayon® coverage. In addition to requiring less direct manipulation of ulcers.


Subject(s)
Bacteria/metabolism , Bandages, Hydrocolloid , Cellulose/chemistry , Varicose Ulcer/drug therapy , Adhesiveness , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Fatty Acids/chemistry , Fatty Acids, Essential/chemistry , Female , Gels , Humans , Lower Extremity , Male , Materials Testing , Middle Aged , Risk , Wound Healing
2.
J Food Sci ; 76(8): C1156-61, 2011 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22417579

ABSTRACT

Vegetable oils are important sources of essential fatty acids. It is, therefore, important to characterize plant species that can be used as new oil sources. This study aimed to characterize the oils from guariroba (Syagrus oleracea), jerivá (Syagrus romanzoffiana), and macaúba (Acrocomia aculeata). The physicochemical characterization was performed using official analytical methods for oils and fats, free fatty acids, peroxide value, refractive index, iodine value, saponification number, and unsaponifiable matter. The oxidative stability was determined using the Rancimat at 110 °C. The fatty acid composition was performed by gas chromatography. The results were submitted to Tukey's test for the medium to 5% using the ESTAT program. The pulp oils were more unsaturated than kernel oils, as evidenced by the higher refractive index and iodine value, especially the macaúba pulp oil which gave 1.4556 and 80 g I(2) /100 g, respectively, for these indices. The kernel oils were less altered by oxidative process and had high induction period, free fatty acids below 0.5%, and peroxide value around 0.19 meq/kg. The guariroba kernel oil showed the largest induction period, 91.82 h. Practical Application: The vegetable oils, besides being consumed directly as food, are important raw material for the chemical, pharmaceutical, and food industries. In recent years, the world market of vegetable oils has been characterized by stronger growth of demand over supply. Several species of palm trees are shown to be promising sources of oils. The characterization of oils extracted from some species, such as guariroba, jerivá, and macaúba, has not yet been fully elucidated. For this reason, it becomes important to investigate the physicochemical characterization of these oils, aiming at a possible use in food or in the industry.


Subject(s)
Arecaceae/chemistry , Plant Oils/analysis , Antioxidants/analysis , Arecaceae/classification , Dietary Fats, Unsaturated/analysis , Fatty Acids, Essential/analysis , Fatty Acids, Essential/chemistry , Oxidation-Reduction , Peroxides/analysis , Plant Oils/chemistry , Refractometry , Tocopherols/analysis
3.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun ; 399(3): 318-23, 2010 Aug 27.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20674543

ABSTRACT

Eighty years ago, Burr and Burr, introduced for the first time the concept of essential fatty acids. Now is very well known that requirements for polyunsaturated fatty acids PUFAs can not be met by de novo metabolic processes within mammalian tissues. Animals are absolutely dependent on plants for providing the two major precursors of the n-6 and n-3 fatty acids, C18:2n-6; linoleic and C18:3n-3; alpha-linolenic acids. In animal tissues these precursors are transformed to fatty acids containing three to six double bonds. During the last four decades the interest in polyunsaturated fatty acids has augmented manifolds, and the number of published studies is rising each year. The current impetus for this interest has been mainly the observation that PUFAs and their metabolites have several physiological roles including: energy provision, membrane structure, cell signaling and regulation of gene expression. In addition the observation that PUFAs are targets of lipid peroxidation opens a new important area of investigation. Melatonin, the main secretory product of the pineal gland, efficiently scavenges both the hydroxyl and peroxyl radicals counteracting lipid peroxidation in biological membranes. In addition the two key pineal biochemical functions, lipoxygenation and melatonin synthesis may be synergistically regulated by the status of n-3 essential fatty acids. At the retina level, free radicals may preferentially react with the membrane polyunsaturated fatty acids leading to the release of lipoperoxide radicals. These lipoperoxides can induce oxidative stress linked to membrane lysis, damage to neuronal membranes may be related to alteration of visual function.


Subject(s)
Fatty Acids, Essential/metabolism , Lipid Peroxidation , Oxidation-Reduction , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism , Animals , Cell Membrane/metabolism , Fatty Acids, Essential/chemistry , Fatty Acids, Essential/history , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Humans , Nutritional Requirements , Pineal Gland/metabolism , Reactive Oxygen Species/history , Retina/metabolism
4.
s.l; s.n; 1999. 7 p. ilus.
Non-conventional in Portuguese | Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-ILSLACERVO, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: biblio-1242749

ABSTRACT

The authors present tree cases of serious lesions in wich the incidence of infection was very high and wich were treated with a topical medicine based on graxos acids and vitamins A and E, as well as soy lecithin, with surprising results in the cicatrization and restoration of the skin. The first case, a girl that suffered acalp traumatism from the bite of dog of the Fila brees, who presented loss of important substance pertaining to the left parietal area and part of the frontal with later frontal necrosis along all the extension. The second case, a child of the female sex, newly born underweight, whitih a gigantic gastroschisis in wich a improvised prosthesis of polyethylene was used (plastic blood transfusion bag), in the abdomen which worked as silo. The third case, a child of the male sex, taht presented and extensive lesion in the left thigh, necrosis and loss substance of the skin and of the subcutaneous cellular tissue, dueto the infection bite of an insect. In all of them daily dressings were perfomed with the above mentioned product, and the tree presented a fast and efficient response with the development of granulation tissue, intense angiogenesis and the acceleration of the healing process in a few days, at low cost and free of collateral effects


Subject(s)
Humans , Fatty Acids, Essential/biosynthesis , Fatty Acids, Essential/physiology , Fatty Acids, Essential/chemistry
5.
Rev. Soc. Argent. Nutr ; 9(3): 49-54, 1998. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-226683

ABSTRACT

Introducción y objetivos: La ingestión de grasas durante el primer año de vida es fundamental no sólo para cubrir las necesidades energéticas sino también como fuente de nutrientes esenciales. Los objetivos del presente trabajo son los de evaluar el aporte de calorías grasas, ácido linoleico, relación ácido linoleico/ácido a-linolénico y agregado de ácidos grasos poliinsaturados de cadena larga en fórmulas infantiles. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un relevamiento de las fórmulas infantiles existentes en el mercado y se trabajó con información provista por los fabricantes. De las 34 fórmulas del mercado se seleccionaron 21 en base a leche de vaca y 4 a base de soja. Resultados: En todas las fórmulas el aporte de grasas se encontraba dentro de las cifras recomendadas. La mayoría tenía una relación ácido linoleico/ácido a-linolénico entre 5 y 15, de acuerdo a las recomendaciones, mientras que 5 de ellas la superaban. Ocho fórmulas presentaban un contenido de ácido linoleico fuera del rango recomendado. Sólo tres tenían ácido grasos poliinsaturados de cadena larga adicionados. Conclusiones: Los altos niveles de ácido linoleico y de la relación ácido linoleico/ácido a-linolénico en algunas fórmulas así como la falta de ácidos grasos poliinsaturados de cadena larga en la mayoría, podrían influir sobre el metabolismo lipídico y las funciones del sistema nervioso. Sin embargo, antes de proponer su adición en forma generalizada, sería importante realizar estudios sobre la forma más adecuada de hacerlo, teniendo en cuenta su biodisponibilidad y eventuales efectos adversos


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Linoleic Acid/therapeutic use , /therapeutic use , Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/therapeutic use , Fatty Acids/therapeutic use , Breast-Milk Substitutes/analysis , Food, Formulated/analysis , Infant Food/analysis , Energy Intake/physiology , Lipids/analysis , Energy Requirement/physiology , Arachidonic Acid/analysis , Arachidonic Acid/therapeutic use , Fatty Acids, Essential/administration & dosage , Fatty Acids, Essential/chemistry , Amino Acids, Essential/administration & dosage , Child Development , Dietary Fats/pharmacokinetics , Docosahexaenoic Acids/analysis , Docosahexaenoic Acids/therapeutic use , Food, Formulated/classification
6.
Rev. Soc. Argent. Nutr ; 9(3): 49-54, 1998. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-16814

ABSTRACT

Introducción y objetivos: La ingestión de grasas durante el primer año de vida es fundamental no sólo para cubrir las necesidades energéticas sino también como fuente de nutrientes esenciales. Los objetivos del presente trabajo son los de evaluar el aporte de calorías grasas, ácido linoleico, relación ácido linoleico/ácido a-linolénico y agregado de ácidos grasos poliinsaturados de cadena larga en fórmulas infantiles. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un relevamiento de las fórmulas infantiles existentes en el mercado y se trabajó con información provista por los fabricantes. De las 34 fórmulas del mercado se seleccionaron 21 en base a leche de vaca y 4 a base de soja. Resultados: En todas las fórmulas el aporte de grasas se encontraba dentro de las cifras recomendadas. La mayoría tenía una relación ácido linoleico/ácido a-linolénico entre 5 y 15, de acuerdo a las recomendaciones, mientras que 5 de ellas la superaban. Ocho fórmulas presentaban un contenido de ácido linoleico fuera del rango recomendado. Sólo tres tenían ácido grasos poliinsaturados de cadena larga adicionados. Conclusiones: Los altos niveles de ácido linoleico y de la relación ácido linoleico/ácido a-linolénico en algunas fórmulas así como la falta de ácidos grasos poliinsaturados de cadena larga en la mayoría, podrían influir sobre el metabolismo lipídico y las funciones del sistema nervioso. Sin embargo, antes de proponer su adición en forma generalizada, sería importante realizar estudios sobre la forma más adecuada de hacerlo, teniendo en cuenta su biodisponibilidad y eventuales efectos adversos (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Breast-Milk Substitutes/analysis , Infant Food/analysis , Food, Formulated/analysis , Energy Requirement/physiology , Lipids/analysis , Energy Intake/physiology , Fatty Acids/therapeutic use , Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/therapeutic use , 2-Aminoadipic Acid/therapeutic use , Linoleic Acid/therapeutic use , Docosahexaenoic Acids/analysis , Docosahexaenoic Acids/therapeutic use , Food, Formulated/classification , Arachidonic Acid/analysis , Arachidonic Acid/therapeutic use , Amino Acids, Essential/administration & dosage , Fatty Acids, Essential/chemistry , Fatty Acids, Essential/administration & dosage , Dietary Fats/pharmacokinetics , Child Development
7.
Acta bioquím. clín. latinoam ; Acta bioquím. clín. latinoam;27(1): 3-38, mar. 1993. ilus
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-25513

ABSTRACT

Se realizó una recopilación sobre los ácidos grasos esenciales y su función en animales y en humanos. La composición de las series n-6, n-3, n-9 y n-7 fue descripta enfatizando la reacción de competición de las mismas, así como también las necesidades diarias de los ácidos n-6 y n-3 en humanos. También se señaló el mecanismo de inter-conversión de los distintos ácidos grasos esenciales. La contribución de las 5 y 6 desaturasas a la formación de los ácidos polinosaturados se ha comentado cuidadosamente, indicándose que nuevos trabajos descartarían la existencia de la 4 desaturasa. A su vez se detalla la estructura del sistema desaturante, su ubicación en el cuerpo del animal y su regulación por medio de factores dietarios y hormonales. Se comentaron la reacciones de elongación y retroconversión, así como también la formación de eicosanoides. La importancia de los ácidos grasos esenciales y sus productos de transformación en la bioquímica clínica se ha tratado detalladamente, focalizando el efecto sobre la epidermis, sistemas cardiovascular y reproductor, presión arterial, diabetes y cáncer


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Rats , Fatty Acid Desaturases/chemistry , Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/chemistry , Fatty Acids, Essential/chemistry , Nutritional Requirements , Docosahexaenoic Acids/metabolism , Fatty Acids, Essential/biosynthesis , Fatty Acids, Essential/metabolism , Eicosanoic Acids/antagonists & inhibitors , Oleic Acids/biosynthesis , Oleic Acids/metabolism , Palmitic Acids/classification , Palmitic Acids/metabolism , Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/biosynthesis , Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/metabolism
8.
Acta bioquím. clín. latinoam ; Acta bioquím. clín. latinoam;27(1): 3-38, mar. 1993. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-124849

ABSTRACT

Se realizó una recopilación sobre los ácidos grasos esenciales y su función en animales y en humanos. La composición de las series n-6, n-3, n-9 y n-7 fue descripta enfatizando la reacción de competición de las mismas, así como también las necesidades diarias de los ácidos n-6 y n-3 en humanos. También se señaló el mecanismo de inter-conversión de los distintos ácidos grasos esenciales. La contribución de las 5 y 6 desaturasas a la formación de los ácidos polinosaturados se ha comentado cuidadosamente, indicándose que nuevos trabajos descartarían la existencia de la 4 desaturasa. A su vez se detalla la estructura del sistema desaturante, su ubicación en el cuerpo del animal y su regulación por medio de factores dietarios y hormonales. Se comentaron la reacciones de elongación y retroconversión, así como también la formación de eicosanoides. La importancia de los ácidos grasos esenciales y sus productos de transformación en la bioquímica clínica se ha tratado detalladamente, focalizando el efecto sobre la epidermis, sistemas cardiovascular y reproductor, presión arterial, diabetes y cáncer


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Rats , Fatty Acid Desaturases/chemistry , Fatty Acids, Essential/chemistry , Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/chemistry , Nutritional Requirements , Eicosanoic Acids/antagonists & inhibitors , Fatty Acids, Essential/biosynthesis , Fatty Acids, Essential/metabolism , Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/biosynthesis , Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/metabolism , Oleic Acids/biosynthesis , Oleic Acids/metabolism , Palmitic Acids/classification , Palmitic Acids/metabolism , Docosahexaenoic Acids/metabolism
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