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1.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 118(2): 102-108, abr. 2020. tab, ilus
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1099859

ABSTRACT

Objetivos. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el riesgo clínico de la apendicitis con apendicolito y su importancia al elegir las estrategias terapéuticas.Métodos. Se analizó retrospectivamente a niños con diagnóstico de apendicitis aguda entre junio de 2011 y enero de 2017. Se dividió en un grupo con apendicolito(GA) y un grupo sin apendicolito (GSA) según la presencia o no de apendicolito durante la cirugía abierta. Se revisaron y compararon la presentación clínica, de laboratorios, los resultados de la tomografía computada y los cambios patológicos.Resultados. De 163 pacientes, se incluyó a 23 (media de edad: 6,1 años) en el GA y a 140 (media de edad: 8,1 años) en el GSA. Los pacientes en el GA tuvieron una hospitalización más extensa, mayor temperatura corporal, mayor frecuencia de diarrea, signo de Blumberg, aumento del porcentaje de neutrófilos, proteína C-reactiva y mayor riesgo de perforación. La puntuación en las escalas de Alvarado (8,3 ± 1,2 frente a 7,0 ± 1,3; P < 0,05) y de respuesta inflamatoria a apendicitis (10,7 ± 1,6 frente a 7,7 ± 1,9; P < 0,05) fue mayor en el GA que en el GSA; la presencia de fiebre y apendicolito se asoció con una mayor tasa de apendicitis perforada.Conclusiones. La apendicitis pediátrica con apendicolito representa un mayor riesgo clínico y tiende a causar apendicitis complicada


Objectives. This study aims to assess the clinical risk of pediatric appendicitis with appendicolith and its guiding significance in therapeutic strategies' selection.Methods. Children diagnosed with acute appendicitis from June 2011-January 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. Patient cohort was divided to appendicolith group (AG) and non- appendicolith group (NAG) based on whether the appendicolith presents or not in the open surgery. Clinical presentations, laboratory parameters, computed tomography findings, and pathological changes were reviewed and compared between two groups. Results. Among 163 patients, 23 (meanage,6.1yearsold)weredefinedin AG and 140; mean age, 8.1 years old) in NAG. The patients in AG demonstrated prolonged length of stay (12.4 ± 5.6d vs. 8.7 ± 5.0d, P <0.05), higher body temperature (38.2 ± 0.8 °C vs. 37.3 ± 0.8 °C, P <0.05), higher frequency of diarrhea (17 % vs. 3%, P <0.05), rebound tenderness (100 % vs. 87 %, P <0.05), increased neutrophil percentage (81.4 ± 8.0 % vs. 65.3 ± 22.8 %, P <0.05), C-reactive protein (33.13 ± 10.3 mg/L vs. 23.7 ± 13.7 mg/L, P <0.05), and great risk of perforation (78 % vs. 29 %, P <0.05). Alvarado score (8.3 ± 1.2 vs. 7.0 ± 1.3, P <0.05) and AIR score (10.7 ± 1.6 vs. 7.7 ± 1.9, P <0.05) of AG, were higher than NAG he presence of fever and appendicolith was associated with a high rate of perforated appendicitis.Conclusions. Pediatric appendicitis with appendicolith has greater clinical risk and tends to causing complicated appendicitis


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Appendectomy , Appendicitis/diagnostic imaging , Fecal Impaction/complications , Appendicitis/surgery , Comparative Study , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Retrospective Studies , Inflammation
2.
Rev Gastroenterol Mex (Engl Ed) ; 85(3): 235-239, 2020.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31495541

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION AND AIM: Abdominal pain in children is a frequent cause of emergency room consultation. An important group of those patients presents with chronic constipation and fecal impaction. Plain abdominal x-ray is widely used for making a diagnosis and ruling out the need for surgical treatment. The present study examined the association between pain intensity and fecal impaction grade. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An analytic cross-sectional study was conducted that compared 2 radiographic scales to determine the association between the grade of fecal impaction observed and abdominal pain intensity in patients that sought medical attention at an emergency service within a 7-month period. The analysis was carried out by 2 different observers, utilizing 2 different radiographic scales to confirm their reproducibility. The degree of interobserver agreement was measured using the Kappa coefficient and the association between abdominal pain and fecal impaction grade was measured through the Spearman correlation coefficient. RESULTS: There was a significant association between pain intensity and the radiographic grade of fecal impaction (P<.05) for the radiographic scale by segments and its interobserver agreement was high, compared with the scale by percentage. CONCLUSIONS: Radiographic scales may be useful in the evaluation and treatment of patients with abdominal pain and constipation. The segmental scale showed less interobserver variability, suggesting its proposal as an alternative in the evaluation and follow-up of patients with chronic constipation.


Subject(s)
Abdominal Pain/etiology , Constipation/complications , Fecal Impaction/complications , Fecal Impaction/diagnostic imaging , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Emergency Medical Services , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Radiography
3.
Rev. gastroenterol. Perú ; 39(4): 323-328, oct.-dic 2019. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1144616

ABSTRACT

Introduction and aim: Functional abdominal pain (FAP) is one of the major gastrointestinal complaints in childhood. Studies have reported occult constipation (OC) as one of the leading causes of abdominal pain. Recent researches have proposed laxatives as potent therapeutic targets for abdominal pain in patients with OC. However, no study has compared effect of poly ethylene glycol (PEG) and lactulose on occult constipation. Materials and methods: 51 patients aged 4 to 18 years with abdominal pain who had OC (defined as fecal impaction in abdominal X ray) were studied. Demographic and clinical data including age, sex, body weight, height, abdominal pain duration, abdominal pain rate and fecal odor were registered. They were randomly assigned to receive PEG (1gr/kg) or Lactulose (1cc/kg) for at least two weeks. All patients were reevaluated by pain measurement scale after at least two weeks of treatment. Results: It is indicated that the efficacy of PEG for reducing abdominal pain in OC was 48% while it was 37% for Lactulose. This study indicated that this efficacy is not affected significantly by sex and fecal odor, however this efficacy is influenced by age, body weight, abdominal pain duration and abdominal pain rate for both PEG and Lactulose. Conclusion: It could be concluded that PEG is a more efficient drug for treating abdominal pain in occult constipation than Lactulose and its optimum effect can be achieved in elder patients with more severe abdominal pain.


Introducción y objetivo: El dolor abdominal funcional (FAP) es una de las principales molestias gastrointestinales en la infancia. Los estudios han informado que el estreñimiento oculto (OC) es una de las principales causas de dolor abdominal. Investigaciones recientes han propuesto laxantes como objetivos terapéuticos potentes para el dolor abdominal en pacientes con OC. Sin embargo, ningún estudio ha comparado el efecto del polietilenglicol (PEG) y la lactulosa sobre el estreñimiento oculto. Materiales y métodos: Se estudiaron 51 pacientes de 4 a 18 años con dolor abdominal que tenían OC (definida como impactación fecal en rayos X abdominales). Se registraron datos demográficos y clínicos que incluyen edad, sexo, peso corporal, altura, duración del dolor abdominal, tasa de dolor abdominal y olor fecal. Fueron asignados aleatoriamente para recibir PEG (1 gr/kg) o lactulosa (1 cc/kg) durante al menos dos semanas. Todos los pacientes fueron reevaluados por la escala de medición del dolor después de al menos dos semanas de tratamiento. Resultados: Se indica que la eficacia de PEG para reducir el dolor abdominal en OC fue del 48% mientras que fue del 37% para la lactulosa. Este estudio indicó que esta eficacia no se ve afectada significativamente por el sexo y el olor fecal, sin embargo, esta eficacia está influenciada por la edad, el peso corporal, la duración del dolor abdominal y la tasa de dolor abdominal tanto para PEG como para lactulosa. Conclusión: Se podría concluir que el PEG es un fármaco más eficaz para tratar el dolor abdominal en el estreñimiento oculto que la lactulosa y que su efecto óptimo se puede lograr en pacientes mayores con dolor abdominal más severo.Palabras clave: dolor abdominal, estreñimiento oculto, polietilenglicol, lactulosa.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Polyethylene Glycols/therapeutic use , Abdominal Pain/drug therapy , Constipation/drug therapy , Laxatives/therapeutic use , Fecal Impaction/drug therapy , Lactulose/therapeutic use , Time Factors , Body Weight , Pain Measurement/methods , Abdominal Pain/etiology , Sex Factors , Age Factors , Constipation/complications , Fecal Impaction/complications , Fecal Impaction/diagnostic imaging
4.
Rev Gastroenterol Peru ; 39(4): 323-328, 2019.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32097391

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION AND AIM: Functional abdominal pain (FAP) is one of the major gastrointestinal complaints in childhood. Studies have reported occult constipation (OC) as one of the leading causes of abdominal pain. Recent researches have proposed laxatives as potent therapeutic targets for abdominal pain in patients with OC. However, no study has compared effect of poly ethylene glycol (PEG) and lactulose on occult constipation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 51 patients aged 4 to 18 years with abdominal pain who had OC (defined as fecal impaction in abdominal X ray) were studied. Demographic and clinical data including age, sex, body weight, height, abdominal pain duration, abdominal pain rate and fecal odor were registered. They were randomly assigned to receive PEG (1gr/kg) or Lactulose (1cc/kg) for at least two weeks. All patients were reevaluated by pain measurement scale after at least two weeks of treatment. RESULTS: It is indicated that the efficacy of PEG for reducing abdominal pain in OC was 48% while it was 37% for Lactulose. This study indicated that this efficacy is not affected significantly by sex and fecal odor, however this efficacy is influenced by age, body weight, abdominal pain duration and abdominal pain rate for both PEG and Lactulose. CONCLUSION: It could be concluded that PEG is a more efficient drug for treating abdominal pain in occult constipation than Lactulose and its optimum effect can be achieved in elder patients with more severe abdominal pain.


Subject(s)
Abdominal Pain/drug therapy , Constipation/drug therapy , Fecal Impaction/drug therapy , Lactulose/therapeutic use , Laxatives/therapeutic use , Polyethylene Glycols/therapeutic use , Abdominal Pain/etiology , Adolescent , Age Factors , Body Weight , Child , Child, Preschool , Constipation/complications , Fecal Impaction/complications , Fecal Impaction/diagnostic imaging , Female , Humans , Male , Pain Measurement/methods , Sex Factors , Time Factors
5.
Cir Cir ; 85 Suppl 1: 99-102, 2017 Dec.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27955852

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The appendix inflammatory process is the most common cause of chronic abdominal pain in the right lower quadrant. The frequency of appendiceal lumen obstruction by fecalith ranges from 10 to 20%; few cases of obstruction by multiple fecaliths had been reported. CLINICAL CASE: Sixty-nine years old male, diabetic and hypertensive in control, he underwent bowel resection 30 years previously. He completed 6 months with intermittent, mild pain in the right lower quadrant abdomen; 14 days prior to admission with increasing pain, nausea, vomiting, constipation, abdominal distension and absence of peristalsis; 12,750 leukocytes, neutrophils 90%; plain abdominal radiography without specific bowel pattern, TAC with 3 dense images in right lower quadrant; exploratory laparotomy was performed and perforated appendix with 3 free fecaliths was found. Histopathological report showed fibrosis and lymphocytic infiltrate in the muscle layer of the cecal appendix consistent with chronic appendicitis. CONCLUSIONS: The most common obstruction of the appendix lumen is by a single fecalith. In this case the patient had chronic appendicitis secondary to appendiceal lumen obstruction by multiple fecaliths. Reviewing the international literature any case of chronic appendicitis associated with the presence of multiple fecaliths was found.


Subject(s)
Appendicitis/etiology , Fecal Impaction/complications , Aged , Appendicitis/diagnosis , Appendicitis/surgery , Cecal Diseases/etiology , Chronic Disease , Humans , Intestinal Obstruction/etiology , Male , Recurrence
8.
Rev. cuba. cir ; 49(1)ene.-mar. 2010.
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-44585

ABSTRACT

Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 47 años con enorme giba lumbar derecha que apareció a los 18 años de edad. Fue operado hace 14 años de una formación quística con aumento de volumen de las extremidades y aparición, poco después, de un tumor de 2,5 cm. Diez días antes de su ingreso presentó infección urinaria, luego constipación, dificultad para expulsar gases, dolor y distensión abdominal, y se visualizaba la referida tumoración. En la radiografía se observaron múltiples fecalomas y oblito metálico. Fue operado y se constató la presencia de fecalomas, distensión de asas y el oblito cuya punta era la que se visualizaba y palpaba(AU)


This is a case presentation of a patient aged 47 with a huge right humpback appearing at 18 years old. He was operated on 14 years ago from a cystic formation increasing the volume of limbs and the appearance afterwards of a 2,5 cm tumor. Ten days before its admission showed a urinary infection, constipation, difficulty to release gases, pain and abdominal distention, visualizing such tumor. At radiography on noted many fecaloma and metallic foreign body. He was operated on verifying the presence of fecalomas, loop distention and foreign body whose tip was visualized and palpated(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Foreign-Body Reaction/surgery , Fecal Impaction/complications , Intestinal Obstruction/complications
9.
Rev. argent. coloproctología ; 16(3): 191-200, 2005. ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-434788

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: Se define como fecaloma o bolo fecal, a la acumulación de materia fecal en el recto y/o colon sigmoides, de un volumen y consistencia tal que hacen imposible su eliminación por medios naturales. Objetivos: Describir las características clínicas de esta población, cuantificar su frecuencia como causa de oclusión colónica, ponderar la relación entre el tiempo de evolución y la presencia de patología colónica asociada con la necesidad de tratamiento quirúrgico, y evaluar morbimortalidad de la serie. Diseño: Observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo. Material y método: Entre enero de 1998 y diciembre de 2004 fueron internados en la Clínica Modelo de Lanús, 19 pacientes con una complicación derivada de un fecaloma. En 18 (94,7 por ciento) el cuadro fue de oclusión intestinal, y en el restante se trató de un abdomen agudo peritoneal por una úlcera estercorácea. Resultados: La edad promedio fue de 73,5 ± 13,9 años, y en relación al sexo, hubo 11 mujeres (57,8 por ciento) y 8 hombres (42,2 por ciento). De los 18 pacientes con cuadros oclusivos, en 13 se resolvió e1 mismo sin necesidad de tratamiento quirúrgico. En los 5 restantes, al igual que en el paciente que se presentó con una úlcera estercorácea, se debió recurrir a la cirugía. En la oclusión, el tiempo de evolución, fue de 5,6 días en los casos operados, y de 4,3 en los no operados (p = 0,48125). Los 3 casos con megacolon debieron ser operados, mientras que esto fue necesario en sólo el 13,3 por ciento de los enfermos sin megacolon (p = 0,014). La morbilidad fue del 31.5 por ciento y la mortalidad global fue del 15.7 por ciento, aunque sólo un óbito ocurrió como consecuencia directa del fecaloma (5,2 por ciento). Conclusiones: El fecaloma es una entidad frecuente como causa de obstrucción colónica, las medidas conservadoras resuelven la mayoría de los casos. No se observó una diferencia significativa entre el tiempo de evolución del cuadro obstructivo y el resultado del tratamiento médico. Si fue significativa la necesidad de operar a los pacientes que presentan patología colónica asociada con respecto a aquellos que no la tienen. La morbimortalidad es elevada y está relacionada con las enfermedades concomitantes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Middle Aged , Fecal Impaction/surgery , Fecal Impaction/complications , Fecal Impaction/diagnosis , Fecal Impaction/etiology , Fecal Impaction/mortality , Fecal Impaction/therapy , Abdomen, Acute , Colorectal Surgery/methods , Constipation/complications , Morbidity , Megacolon/surgery , Megacolon/etiology , Intestinal Obstruction/etiology , Physical Examination , Radiography, Abdominal
12.
Med. UIS ; 11(1): 14-7, ene.-mar. 1997. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-232040

ABSTRACT

El estreñimiento crónico es un problema frecuente en la edad pediátrica. El 95 por ciento de los casos de estreñimiento crónico es funcional, es decir, no debido a causas orgánicas, anatómicas o por ingesta de alimentos. El estreñimiento debe ser distinguido de la enfermedad de Hirschsprung y de alteraciones anatómicas y metabólicas. La evaluación clínica incluye una historia clínica completa, el examen físico adecuado y paraclínicos como radiología, manometría anorrectal y biopsia rectal. El manejo incluye cambios en el medio ambiente, la dieta y los medicamentos. El propósito del presente artículo es proporcionar una orientación diagnóstica y terapéutica en niños con estriñimiento crónico funcional


Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Fecal Impaction/complications , Fecal Impaction/diagnosis , Fecal Impaction/drug therapy , Fecal Impaction/epidemiology , Fecal Impaction/etiology , Fecal Impaction/physiopathology , Fecal Impaction/prevention & control , Fecal Impaction/rehabilitation , Encopresis/complications , Encopresis/diagnosis , Encopresis/epidemiology , Encopresis/etiology , Encopresis/physiopathology
13.
ACM arq. catarin. med ; 23(1): 63-5, jan.-mar. 1994. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-147579

ABSTRACT

Os autores discutem a importancia da presenca de fecalito apendicular na evolucao do quadro clinico da apendicite aguda. Ilustram a discussao com um caso de fecalito apendicular gigante em um paciente com quadro clinico atipico de apendicite aguda. Concluem que a presenca de calculo apendicular e uma indicacao de cirurgia em paciente com suspeita clinica de apendicite aguda e tambem que apendicite aguda com calculo e mais grave que apendicite aguda sem calculo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Appendicitis/etiology , Fecal Impaction/complications , Abdomen, Acute/diagnosis , Abdomen, Acute/etiology
15.
Rev. cient. (Porto Alegre) ; 10(2): 24-6, jul.-dez. 1991. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-161496

ABSTRACT

O autor estuda a associaçao entre fissura e sangramaneto anal, em uma amostra de 62 crianças de 0 - 12 anos de idade com constipaçao intestinal. Foi encontrado um qui quadrado de 14,55 (p=0.0004), e um odds ratio de 10 com intervalo de confiança de 95 por cento entre 2,42 e 44,56. Existe dependência entre estas duas variáveis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Constipation/complications , Fissure in Ano/complications , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/complications , Age Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Fecal Impaction/complications , Sex Factors
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