ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) for oocyte/embryo cryopreservation is the method of choice for fertility preservation (FP) in young patients diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer (eBC). Nevertheless, some challenges still question its role, particularly in the neoadjuvant setting, where concerns arise about potential delay in the onset of anticancer treatment, and in hormone receptor-positive (HR+) disease, as cancer cells may proliferate under the estrogenic peak associated with stimulation. Therefore, this review aims to examine the available evidence on the safety of COS in eBC patients eligible for neoadjuvant treatment (NAT), particularly in HR+ disease. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify studies evaluating the feasibility and safety of COS in eBC and including patients referred to NAT and/or with HR+ disease. Time to NAT and survival outcomes were assessed. RESULTS: Of the three matched cohort studies assessing the impact of COS on time to start NAT, only one reported a significant small delay in the cohort undergoing COS compared with the control group, whereas the other studies found no difference. Regarding survival outcomes, overall, no increased risk of recurrence or death was found, either in patients undergoing COS in the neoadjuvant setting regardless of HR expression or in HR+ disease regardless of the timing of COS relative to surgery. However, there are no data on the safety of COS in the specific combined scenario of HR+ disease undergoing NAT. CONCLUSION: Neither the indication to NAT nor the HR positivity constitutes per se an a priori contraindication to COS. Shared decision making between clinicians and patients is essential to carefully weigh the risks and benefits in each individual case. Prospective studies designed to specifically investigate this issue are warranted.
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms , Fertility Preservation , Humans , Female , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Neoadjuvant Therapy/methods , Prospective Studies , Fertility Preservation/adverse effects , Fertility Preservation/methods , Ovulation Induction/adverse effects , Ovulation Induction/methodsABSTRACT
El desarrollo y uso masivo de técnicas de fecundación asistida desde hace 30 años ha permitido el nacimiento de más de 3 millones de niños en el mundo; sin embargo, estos procedimientos no están exentos de riesgos. La complicación más frecuente es el embarazo múltiple determinado por el desarrollo de múltiples folículos en la inseminación intrauterina y la transferencia de 2 ó más embriones en la fecundación in-vitro. El síndrome de hiperestimulación ovárica constituye una complicación menos frecuente, pero potencialmente grave para la cual detallamos las estrategias de prevención y manejo clínico. Se discuten además las complicaciones derivadas de la aspiración folicular tales como hemorragia e infección entre otras.
The widespread use of fertility treatments such as in-vitro fertilization has determined the birth of more than 3 million babies worldwide, however, these procedures can derive into medical complications. The most frequent complication of assisted reproductive techniques is multiple pregnancy. Single embryo transfer has been avdocated as the best strategy to prevent this complication. Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome constitutes a life threathening complication of ovarian stimulation. Detailed information on prevention and treatment strategies are given. Other complications after oocyte retrieval such as bleeding and infection are also discussed.