ABSTRACT
Abstract Fluoride anions are indispensable trace elements required for sustaining life. To investigate the homeostasis and action of fluoride in the body, a new highly sensitive and selective fluorescence detection method was designed for fluoride in aqueous solutions. A fluorescent probe for fluoride (FP-F) was synthesized for imaging F- in living cells. The design strategy for the probe was based on the specific reaction between fluoride and silica to mediate deprotection of this probe to fluorescein. Upon treatment with F-, FP-F, a closed and weakly fluorescent lactone, was transformed into an open and strongly fluorescent product. Under the optimum conditions, the detection limit for fluoride was 0.526 nM. FP-F could detect micromolar changes in F- concentrations in living cells by confocal microscopy.
Subject(s)
Fluorescein/pharmacology , Fluorescence , Fluorine/analysis , Trace Elements/adverse effects , Cells/metabolism , Microscopy, Confocal/methods , Diagnosis , Fluorescent Dyes/pharmacology , Homeostasis , MethodsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate in vitro the antibacterial effects of fluorescein, rose bengal, and lissamine green topical ophthalmic dyes against selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and to evaluate whether preserved or preservative-free fluorescein solutions are able to inhibit or potentiate bacterial growth. PROCEDURES: Susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method plated with clinical ocular isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Streptococcus spp., Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Bacterial growth inhibition was evaluated 24 hours following the addition of commercially available fluorescein, rose bengal, and lissamine green sterile strips. Antimicrobial effectiveness testing was performed by inoculation of compounded 1% dye solutions, both with and without preservatives (fluorescein and lissamine contained thiomersal, and rose bengal contained nipagin and nepazol), with the five previously mentioned bacteria. Growth was evaluated at days 7, 14, and 28. RESULTS: All dyes showed antibacterial activity against Gram-positive organisms. Preservative-free compounded 1% fluorescein solution inhibited growth of Gram-positive organisms but not of Gram-negative organisms. Preservative-free rose bengal and lissamine green inhibited growth of both types of organisms. CONCLUSIONS: Preferably, ocular surface samples for antimicrobial culture should be taken prior to the administration of topical dyes, due to their potential antibacterial activity, particularly if undiluted strips are applied directly or commercial fluorescein solutions are used and not immediately rinsed. Ophthalmic dye solutions containing preservative are safe from bacterial growth for up to 28 days if properly handled and stored. The use of preservative-free fluorescein solutions should be avoided and preservative-free rose bengal and lissamine green should be handled carefully.
Subject(s)
Eye Infections, Bacterial/veterinary , Fluorescent Dyes/pharmacology , Animals , Eye Infections, Bacterial/drug therapy , Fluorescein/administration & dosage , Fluorescein/pharmacology , Fluorescein/therapeutic use , Fluorescent Dyes/administration & dosage , Fluorescent Dyes/therapeutic use , Gram-Negative Bacteria/drug effects , Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects , Lissamine Green Dyes/administration & dosage , Lissamine Green Dyes/pharmacology , Lissamine Green Dyes/therapeutic use , Microbial Sensitivity Tests/veterinary , Ophthalmic Solutions , Rose Bengal/administration & dosage , Rose Bengal/pharmacology , Rose Bengal/therapeutic useABSTRACT
La fístula de líquido céfalo raquídeo (LCR) implica un quiebre de todas las barreras entre el espacio subaracnoideo y el tracto aéreo digestivo superior. Es una condición seria y fatal. La meningitis bacteriana es la mayor causa de morbilidad y mortalidad asociada a esta condición. Existen múltiples clasificaciones que tratan de sistematizar este problema, algunas de ellas son de escaso valor para el clínico. Existe una evolución en los métodos diagnósticos y terapéuticos en esta patología. Se presenta el marco teórico de la patología, evolución de la técnica quirúrgica, conceptos actuales en la reparación endoscópica de las fístulas de LCR y la experiencia quirúrgica desarrollada por los autores en 24 pacientes tratados en el Hospital Regional de Concepción durante el periodo abril 2001 a agosto 2008.
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) fistulae involves a breakdown of all barriers that separates de subarachnoid space from the upper aero digestive tract. It is a serious and sometimes fatal condition. Meningitis is the mayor cause of morbidity anc mortality. There are many classifications trying to deal witt this issue, some of them with mean less clinical value. There is an evolution in diagnostic and therapeutic methods in this pathology We present the theoretical frame of this pathology, the evolution of the surgical technique, the current concepts in the endoscopic repair of CSF fistulae and the surgical experience developed by the authors in 24 patients treateo at the Hospital regional de Concepcion between April 2001 and August 2008.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Child , Middle Aged , Skull Base/surgery , Endoscopy/methods , Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea/surgery , Skull Base , Chile , Fluorescein/pharmacology , Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea/diagnosisSubject(s)
Abscisic Acid/pharmacology , Nitric Oxide/physiology , Plant Epidermis/drug effects , Plant Growth Regulators/pharmacology , Benzoates/pharmacology , Drug Synergism , Fabaceae/drug effects , Fabaceae/physiology , Fluorescein/pharmacology , Imidazoles/pharmacology , Nitric Oxide Donors/pharmacology , Nitroprusside/pharmacology , Plant Epidermis/cytology , Plant Epidermis/physiology , Signal Transduction/drug effects , Signal Transduction/physiologyABSTRACT
A liberaçäo transdérmica de muitos fármacos é dificultada pelas características de barreira do estrato córneo. Promotores químicos de absorçäo cutânea säo capazes de interagir com os constituintes do estrato córneo, induzindo aumento temporário e reversível na permeabilidade da pele. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência de sistemas monoleína (monoleato de glicerol)/solventes na absorçäo percutânea de um fármaco lipofílico (a progesterona), através do estrato córneo de camundongos sem pelo, bem como o efeito da monoleína nas características estruturais do estrato córneo, por meio de microscopia eletrônica de varredura...
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Skin Absorption/physiology , Skin Absorption/immunology , In Vitro Techniques , Pharmaceutical Preparations/analysis , Progesterone , Skin Physiological Phenomena , Fluorescein/pharmacology , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Microscopy, Confocal , PermeabilityABSTRACT
A técnica original da tonometria de aplanaçäo, descrita por Goldmann e Schmidt, recomenda o uso da fluoresceína no saco conjuntival. A maioria dos oftamologistas faz uso rotineiro da fluoresceína, embora alguns a considere dispensável. Para esclarer essa controvérsia, foi realizado este trabalho, submetendo-se 194 pacientes á tonometria de aplanaçäo com ou sem fluoresceína, para se verificar a diferença entre dois procedimentos.
Subject(s)
Humans , Fluorescein/pharmacology , Fluorescent Dyes , Fluorescent Dyes/pharmacology , ManometryABSTRACT
Con el proposito de estudiar el valor terapeutico de algunas anilinas en el tratamiento de la lepra, hemos empleado el azul de Bonney, la eosina y el azul de metileno en un grupo de pacientes con los siguientes resultados: AZUL TRIPANO - solución acuosa al 4% en inycciones intravenosas. Dois de 5 a 10 c.c. bisemanales. Un accidente fatal acaecido a uno de nuestros pacientes nos obligó a desistir del empleo de esta droga