Hands hygiene and the use of gloves by nursing team in hemodialysis service.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the adhesion of the nursing team to the practice of hands hygiene (HH) and the use of latex gloves in a hemodialysis service. METHOD: this is a descriptive-exploratory study with a quantitative approach, performed between August and October 2016 in a hemodialysis service in the countryside of São Paulo State, Brazil, where the nursing team adhered to HH and the use of gloves. All ethical aspects have been contemplated. RESULTS: there were 1090 opportunities for HH, with the adhesion rate being only 16.6%. Regarding the use of gloves, of the 510 opportunities observed, there was correct use in 45%, reuse in 25% and absence of latex gloves in 29% of the time. CONCLUSION: the rate of HH and adherence to gloves is far from ideal, contributing to the increased risk of infection for both the user and the professional.

Hands hygiene and the use of gloves by nursing team in hemodialysis service / Higiene de las manos y el uso de guantes por la enfermería en hemodiálises / Higiene das mãos e uso de luvas pela enfermagem em hemodiálise

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the adhesion of the nursing team to the practice of hands hygiene (HH) and the use of latex gloves in a hemodialysis service. Method: this is a descriptive-exploratory study with a quantitative approach, performed between August and October 2016 in a hemodialysis service in the countryside of São Paulo State, Brazil, where the nursing team adhered to HH and the use of gloves. All ethical aspects have been contemplated. Results: there were 1090 opportunities for HH, with the adhesion rate being only 16.6%. Regarding the use of gloves, of the 510 opportunities observed, there was correct use in 45%, reuse in 25% and absence of latex gloves in 29% of the time. Conclusion: the rate of HH and adherence to gloves is far from ideal, contributing to the increased risk of infection for both the user and the professional.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar la adhesión del equipo de enfermería a la práctica de higienización de las manos (HM) y al uso de guantes en un servicio de hemodiálisis. Método: el estudio descriptivo-exploratorio y cuantitativo, realizado entre agosto y octubre de 2016 en un servicio de hemodiálisis del interior del estado de São Paulo, Brasil, donde se observó la adhesión del equipo de enfermería a la HM y al uso de guantes. Todos los aspectos éticos fueron contemplados. Resultados: se observó 1090 oportunidades de HM, siendo la tasa de adhesión de apenas el 16,6%. En cuanto al uso de guantes, de las 510 oportunidades observadas, hubo utilización correcta en un 45%, la reutilización en un 25% y ausencia del uso de guantes en un 29%. Conclusion: la tasa de HM y la adhesión al uso de guantes están muy por debajo del ideal, contribuyendo al aumento del riesgo de infección, tanto para el usuario y para el profesional.

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a adesão da equipe de enfermagem à prática de higienização das mãos (HM) e ao uso de luvas em um serviço de hemodiálise. Método: estudo descritivo-exploratório de abordagem quantitativa, realizado entre agosto e outubro de 2016 em um serviço de hemodiálise do interior do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, onde foi observada a adesão da equipe de enfermagem à HM e ao uso de luvas. Todos os aspectos éticos foram contemplados. Resultados: observou-se 1090 oportunidades de HM, sendo a taxa de adesão de apenas 16,6%. Quanto ao uso de luvas, das 510 oportunidades observadas, houve utilização correta em 45%, a reutilização em 25% e ausência do uso de luvas em 29% das vezes. Conclusão: a taxa de HM e a adesão ao uso de luvas estão muito aquém do ideal, contribuindo para o aumento do risco de infecção, tanto para o usuário como para o profissional.

Biosafety in beauty centers: knowledge and practices in a state capital in Northeast Brazil. / Biossegurança em serviço de embelezamento: conhecimento e práticas em uma capital do nordeste brasileiro.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the knowledge and biosafety practices adopted by professionals of the beauty segment. METHODS Descriptive study, of survey type. 238 professionals of the beauty segment were interviewed between August 2014 and 2015. The variables were expressed by means of absolute and relative frequencies, as well as average and standard deviation. RESULTS 62.6% of the interviwed professionals reported having had contact with blood from customers when they were not wearing gloves; 74.4% said they washed their hands before and after each service, and only 16.8% of the respondents reported reusing nonsterilizable materials. None of them was able to inform the correct number of sets of tools needed , and 32.8% of the respondents did not use Personal Protective Equipment during their work activities. CONCLUSIONS The most frequently reported diseases associated with the risk of infection and transmission in the work activities were viral hepatitis, HIV and fungi. Regarding the biosafety procedures adopted, autoclave is the least used method for sterilizing devices.

Biossegurança em serviço de embelezamento: conhecimento e práticas em uma capital do nordeste brasileiro / Bioseguridad en los centros de embellecimento: conocimientos y prácticas en una capital del nordeste brasileño / Biosafety in beauty centers: knowledge and practices in a state capital in Northeast Brazil

Resumo OBJETIVO Avaliar o conhecimento e as práticas de biossegurança adotadas por profissionais do segmento da beleza. MÉTODOS Pesquisa descritiva do tipo survey. Foram entrevistados 238 profissionais de serviços de embelezamento entre agosto de 2014 e 2015. As variáveis foram apresentadas por meio de frequências absolutas e relativas, bem como média e desvio padrão. RESULTADOS 62,6% dos profissionais tiveram contato com sangue de clientes sem uso de luvas; instrumentais para o atendimento e 32,8% dos entrevistados não utilizaram equipamentos de proteção individual durante suas atividades laborais. CONCLUSÕES As doenças mais citadas quanto ao risco de contágio e de transmissão na prática laboral foram as hepatites virais, HIV e fungos. Quanto aos procedimentos de biossegurança adotados, o autoclave é o equipamento menos usado na esterilização dos instrumentos.

Resumen OBJETIVO Evaluar el conocimiento y las prácticas de bioseguridad adoptadas por profesionales del segmento del embellecimiento. MÉTODOS Evaluar el conocimiento y las prácticas de bioseguridad adoptadas por profesionales del segmento del embellecimiento. RESULTADOS: 62,6% de los profesionales tuvieron contacto con sangre de clientes sin el uso de guantes; el 74,4% higienizaban las manos entre los atendimientos, el 16,8% reutilizaban materiales desechables. Ningún profesional informó la cantidad adecuada de instrumentos y el 32,8% de los entrevistados no utilizaban equipos de protección individual durante sus actividades laborales. CONCLUSIONES Las enfermedades más citadas con respecto al riesgo de contagio y de transmisión en la práctica laboral fueron las hepatitis virales, el VIH y los hongos. Acerca de los procedimientos de bioseguridad adoptados, el autoclave fue el aparato menos utilizado en la esterilización de los instrumentos.

Abstract OBJECTIVE To evaluate the knowledge and biosafety practices adopted by professionals of the beauty segment. METHODS Descriptive study, of survey type. 238 professionals of the beauty segment were interviewed between August 2014 and 2015. The variables were expressed by means of absolute and relative frequencies, as well as average and standard deviation. RESULTS 62.6% of the interviwed professionals reported having had contact with blood from customers when they were not wearing gloves; 74.4% said they washed their hands before and after each service, and only 16.8% of the respondents reported reusing nonsterilizable materials. None of them was able to inform the correct number of sets of tools needed , and 32.8% of the respondents did not use Personal Protective Equipment during their work activities. CONCLUSIONS The most frequently reported diseases associated with the risk of infection and transmission in the work activities were viral hepatitis, HIV and fungi. Regarding the biosafety procedures adopted, autoclave is the least used method for sterilizing devices. Keywords: Beauty and aesthetics centers. Exposure to biological agents. Prevention of diseases.

Mejores prácticas para el lavado y manipulación de la bolsa de alimentación enteral Kangaroo / Best practices for washing and handling of the bag Kangaroo enteral feeding / Melhores práticas para a lavagem e manuseio do saco alimentação enteral Kangaroo

ResumenIntroducción: La nutrición enteral es una valiosa herramienta en la terapia de los pacientes hospitalizados, especialmente en las unidades de cuidado intensivo y en pacientes que, por sus patologías, pierden su habilidad de ingerir alimentos.Metodología: se aplicó la metodología que señala la práctica clínica basada en evidencia (PCBE) que trata de localizar hallazgos que respondan a la pregunta clínica planteada mediante el estudio y análisis de investigaciones primarias y originales de alta calidad científica.Resultados: Ningún estudio respondió directamente a la pregunta, sin embargo, varias investigaciones aluden que el lavado de manos y el uso de guantes limpios funcionan como estrategia para la manipulación y lavado de este dispositivo. La calidad de los estudios encontrados es baja ya que provienen de investigaciones basadas en la opinión de expertos y revisión de literatura de poca calidad.Conclusiones:No se encuentra evidencia significativa que respalde el uso de técnica aséptica médica y quirúrgica para el manejo y lavado de la bolsa Kangaroo de alimentación enteral.

AbstractIntroduction. Enteral nutrition is a valuable tool in the therapy of hospitalized, especially in intensive care units, and patients for their diseases lose their ability to ingest food patients.Method. The methodology pointing evidence-based clinical practice (PCBE) dealing with the study and analysis of primary and original research of high scientific quality, locating findings that respond to the clinical question posed was applied.Results. No study directly answer the question, however, several investigations allude to the fact that washing hands and using clean gloves as a strategy for handling and washing of this device. The quality of the studies found is low because they come from research based on expert opinion and literature review of low quality.Conclusion. No significant evidence to support the use of medical and surgical aseptic technique for handling and washing Kangaroo Enteral feed bag was found.

ResumoIntrodução.Enteral nutrition é uma ferramenta valiosa na terapia de hospitalizadas, especialmente em unidades de cuidados intensivos, e os pacientes para suas doenças perdem a sua capacidade de ingerir alimentos pacientes.Método. A metodologia apontando prática clínica baseada em evidências (PCBE) lidar com o estudo e análise de pesquisa primária e original de elevada qualidade científica, localização de resultados que respondam à questão clínica proposta foi aplicada.Resultado. Nenhum estudo responder diretamente a questão, no entanto, várias investigações fazem alusão ao fato de que lavar as mãos e usar luvas limpas como uma estratégia para a manipulação e lavagem deste dispositivo. A qualidade dos estudos encontrados é baixa, porque eles vêm de uma pesquisa com base em opinião de especialistas e revisão da literatura de baixo qualidade.Conclusão.Nenhuma evidência significativa para apoiar o uso da técnica médica e cirúrgica asséptica para manusear e lavar o saco de alimentação Canguru Enteral foi encontrado.

Utilização das luvas na prática de enfermagem e suas implicações: estudo metodológico / Glove use in nursing practice and its implications: a methodological study / Utilización de los guantes en la práctica de enfermería y sus implicaciones: estudio metodológico

Este artigo originou-se da segunda categoria que emergiu na Dissertação de Mestrado Profissional intitulada "Tecnologia educacional como estratégia para o uso de luvas pelos profissionais de Enfermagem visando a precaução de contato",apresentada à banca examinadora da Escola de Enfermagem Aurora de Afonso Costa (UFF). OBJETIVO: identificar os fatores que interferem na adesão e/ou adequação às medidas de precaução de contato na utilização das luvas de procedimentos e estéreis pela equipe de enfermagem. MÉTODO: estudo metodológico com abordagem quantiqualitativa. Com um total de 66 participantes distribuídos em 4 etapas. NA 1ª etapa, foram entrevistados 45 profissionais de enfermagem das clínicas cirúrgicas em um hospital universitário entre janeiro e março de 2014. RESULTADOS: 93% dos profissionais apontam falhas no uso de luvas, e somente 7% não observam falhas. CONCLUSÃO: a adequação no uso de luvas é determinante para a segurança do paciente, do profissional, da sociedade e do ambiente.

This article originated from the second category that emerged on the professional master's dissertation entitled "Educational technology as a strategy for the use of gloves by nursing professionals aiming the contact precaution", presented to the Review Board of the nursing school Aurora de Afonso Costa, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF ­ Fluminense Federal University). AIM: to identify the factors that interfere in the adhesion and/or adequacy of the precautionary contact measures in the use of procedure sterile gloves by the nursing team. METHOD: this is a methodological study using a quantitative approach, with a total of 66 participants distributed in four stages. In the first stage, 45 nursing professionals from the surgical clinics were interviewed in a university hospital between January and March 2014. RESULTS: 93% of the professionals report a failure in the use of gloves and only 7% do not observe failures. CONCLUSION: the suitability of gloves is crucial for the safety of patients, professionals, society and the environment.

Este artículo se originó de la segunda categoría que surgió en laDisertación de Maestría Profesional titulada "Tecnología educacional como estrategia para el uso de guantes por los profesionales de Enfermería buscando la precaución de contacto", presentada a la banca examinadora de la E scuela de E nfermería A urora de Afonso Costa (UFF). OBJETIVO: identificar los factores que interfieren en la adhesión y/o adecuación a las medidas de precaución de contacto en la utilización de los guantes de procedimientos y estériles por el equipo de enfermería. MÉTODO: estudio metodológico con abordaje cuanticualitativo. Con un total de 66 participantes distribuidos en 4 etapas. En la 1ª etapa, fueron entrevistados 45 profesionales de enfermería de las clínicas quirúrgicas en un hospital universitario entre enero y marzo de 2014. RESULTADOS: 93% de los profesionales apuntan fallas en el uso de guantes, y solamente 7% no observan fallas. CONCLUSIÓN: la adecuación en el uso de guantes es determinante para la seguridad del paciente, del profesional, de la sociedad y del ambiente.

Assessment of hand-transmitted vibration exposure from motorized forks used for beach-cleaning operations.

UNLABELLED: Motorized vibrating manure forks were used in beach-cleaning operations following the massive Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico during the summer of 2010. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to characterize the vibration emissions of these motorized forks and to provide a first approximation of hand-transmitted vibration exposures to workers using these forks for beach cleaning. METHODS: Eight operators were recruited to operate the motorized forks during this laboratory study. Four fork configurations were used in the study; two motor speeds and two fork basket options were evaluated. Accelerations were measured near each hand as the operators completed the simulated beach-cleaning task. RESULTS: The dominant vibration frequency for these tools was identified to be around 20 Hz. Because acceleration was found to increase with motor speed, workers should consider operating these tools with just enough speed to get the job done. These forks exhibited considerable acceleration magnitudes when unloaded. CONCLUSIONS: The study results suggest that the motor should not be operated with the fork in the unloaded state. Anti-vibration gloves are not effective at attenuating the vibration frequencies produced by these forks, and they may even amplify the transmitted vibration and increase hand/arm fatigue. While regular work gloves are suitable, vibration-reducing gloves may not be appropriate for use with these tools. These considerations may also be generally applicable for the use of motorized forks in other workplace environments.

[Cryptosporidium sp infections and other intestinal parasites in food handlers from Zulia state, Venezuela]. / Infección por Cryptosporidium sp y otros parásitos intestinales en manipuladores de alimentos del estado Zulia, Venezuela.

Cryptosporidiosis in food handlers from Venezuela is unknown, being this an important public health problem in immunosuppressed patients. To determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium sp and other intestinal parasites in food handlers from Zulia State, one hundred nineteen fecal samples were evaluated by wet mount, concentrated according to Ritchie and modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining. Fourteen (11.8%) were positive for Cryptosporidium sp and associated with other protozoosis (P < 0.05), being most frequent Endolimax nana (42.9%). The general prevalence of the intestinal parasitism was 48.7%, emphasizing E. nana (41.2%), followed by Blastocystis hominis (38.7%) and Entamoeba coli (17.6%). The most frequent pathogenic protozoa was Giardia lamblia (13.4%), followed by the complex Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar (9.2%). 4.1% were positive for intestinal helminthes. The infection by Cryptosporidium sp is frequent in food handlers from Zulia State. Given to the results of this investigation and the nonexistence of studies in this population, is necessary to deepen in the impact of this parasitism in food handlers and the consumers of their products.

[The use of gloves as protector factor against scorpion stings during corn picking in the state of Guerrero, Mexico]. / El uso de guantes como factor protector contra picaduras de alacrán durante la pizca de maíz en el estado de Guerrero, México.

OBJECTIVE: Identify factors associated with scorpion stings among farm workers who pick corn in the Mexican state of Guerrero. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cross-sectional survey in 14 randomly selected communities in the state of Guerrero.Simple frequencies were obtained and bivariate analysis was used to identify factors associated with scorpion stings while picking corn. Odds ratio was estimated to evaluate the magnitude of the effect. RESULTS: The incidence of scorpion stings was 15% (500/3 294) in 2003. Use of gloves was associated with a dramatic reduction in risk of scorpion stings to the hands (OR = 0.11; IC95% 0.06-0.18). Scorpion stings are a frequent occupational health issue for farm workers. If the results of this survey were reproduced in an unbiased trial, the implication would be that gloves could prevent 133 stings per 1,000 farm workers who currently do not use gloves. The cost of medical attention, transportation and time away from work due to a scorpion sting totaled 505.90 pesos (46 US dollars). CONCLUSIONS: The use of gloves by farmers who live in regions where scorpions are endemic should be promoted. The supply network for anti-scorpion serum should also be extended to all rural areas where very toxic species are predominant and farmers should be educated about the importance of seeking timely medical care at health clinics.

Health and self-care among garbage collectors: work experiences in a recyclable garbage cooperative.

Study performed with garbage pickers who organized a cooperative to sort recyclable garbage in Porto Alegre, Brazil, in a shed loaned by the city administration. This activity, which has attracted an increasing number of people excluded from the formal job market, presents peculiar health risks and patterns of disease. The study aimed to learn about the participants' concepts and self-care actions, proposing discussions and jointly reflection on their problems. It focuses on the working environment and on attitudes towards health risks. Through the focal group technique with ten female subjects, the expression of capacity of situational analysis of those involved was privileged, giving rise to three main themes. Each theme discussed was followed by the construction of a plan of action in order to meet compatibly the more pressing needs according to the operational feasibility of the solutions proposed.

Protección de las extremidades superiores / Protection of the upper extremities

Diferentes condiciones afectan el nivel de protección que los guantes resistentes a los productos químicos pueden proveer. Antes de elegir un guante, hay que asegurarse de considerar el producto químico con el que se ha de trabajar, concentración, temperatura y la cantidd de tiempo que el guante estará en contacto con el producto. Abrasión, raspados y cortes pueden dañar las manos, los guantes de trabajo para propósitos generales pueden ayudarlo a proteger las manos de éstos incómodos accidentes. Hay seis pasos para elegir el guante más apropiado: 1-seleccionar el material correcto. 2-Elegir el mejor largo y espesor. 3-Decidir sobre el recubrimiento. 4-Seleccionar el agarre justo. 5-Considerar las características de la mano. 6-Usar el tamaño más apropiado (AU)