Development of Pilomatrixoma at the Vaccination Site: A Rare Complication of COVID-19 Vaccination - A Case Report.

BACKGROUND Pilomatrixoma, pilomatricoma, or calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe, is a common benign tumor that arises from the base of the hair follicle. Pilomatrixoma has previously been reported at vaccination sites. This report is of a 65-year-old man with an 18-month history of an enlarging pilomatrixoma of the left upper arm at the vaccination site, following a first COVID-19 vaccination. CASE REPORT The case involves a 65-year-old man who developed a left shoulder mass 1.5 years ago. The mass appeared at his COVID-19 vaccine site 3 months after receiving the first dose. The mass measures 3 cm in diameter, was mobile, and exhibited no signs of infection in the physical examination. Surgical excision was performed, and pathology confirmed the mass as a pilomatrixoma, characterized by basaloid cells and keratinization. Three months after surgery, no recurrence was observed. CONCLUSIONS This report has presented an association between vaccination injection sites and pilomatrixoma aligning with previous findings. Enhanced awareness about this condition can substantially improve pilomatrixoma diagnosis accuracy and reduce unnecessary examinations and treatments. Furthermore, we recommend that, along with clinical symptoms, ultrasound imaging be considered a valuable diagnostic tool for pilomatrixoma, with histopathological results to confirm the diagnosis.

Acquired Diffuse Trichomalacia Associated With Prolonged Use of a Detangling Hairbrush.

This case series reports on cases of diffuse alopecia with trichomalacia after use of a detangling hairbrush.

Scanning electron microscopy of panitumumab-induced eyelash and hair alterations - Pili canaliculi.

Panitumumab is a monoclonal antibody against the epidermal growth factor receptor used in metastatic colorectal cancer; in addition to tumor cells, it acts on epidermal keratinocytes and on the outer root sheath and presents skin toxicity in up to 90% of cases. A scanning electron microscope was used to examine the eyelashes and hairs of a 65-year-old patient with eyelash trichomegaly, curly hair, and paronychia undergoing treatment with panitumumab. Grooving in the hair shafts were identified, which were more evident in the eyelashes. Similar to oral epidermal growth factor inhibitors (erlotinib and gefitinib), panitumumab can cause acquired pili canaliculi.

The trichoscopic features of hair shaft anomalies induced by epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors: A case series.

BACKGROUND: Although the clinical hair changes that occur under treatment with epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors (EGFRIs) are documented, their trichoscopic features have not been reported. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the trichoscopic findings in scalp and facial hair, induced by EGFRI treatment. METHODS: Patients treated with EGFRIs at a tertiary oncodermatology clinic in 2015 through 2017 were evaluated for macroscopic and trichoscopic changes. RESULTS: The cohort included 23 patients (13 women; median age, 68 years) treated with EGFRIs for an average of 13 months (range, 2-40 months). Macroscopically, 18 patients (78%) had dry, lusterless, coarse, kinky, brittle scalp hair, and 17 (74%) had trichomegaly of the eyebrows/eyelashes. Trichoscopic findings were of hair shaft anomalies including pili torti, affecting scalp hair in 20 patients (87%), eyebrows in 6 (26%), and eyelashes in 8 (50%), and asymmetric hyperpigmented fusiform widening of hair scalp in 3 (13%), eyebrows in 10 (43%), and eyelashes in 4 (25%). Dermoscopic findings of the peri- and interfollicular skin were scale, whitish erythematous structureless areas, and branching vessels. LIMITATIONS: Lack of trichoscopic-histologic correlation, lack of baseline examination. CONCLUSION: The trichoscopic correlates of the macroscopic hair changes under EFGRI treatment include pili torti, and asymmetric hyperpigmented fusiform widening, with dermoscopic cutaneous manifestations of scale, whitish erythematous structureless areas, and branching vessels.

Drug reactions affecting hair and nails.

Drug-induced changes of hair and nails have been observed with a variety of different pharmaceutical agents, both topical and systemic. These compounds or their metabolites may interfere with hair cycling and texture, nail matrix, nail bed, nail folds, and microvasculature. Phototoxic reactions may also occur. Before initiating treatment, physicians and patients should be aware of possible adverse events to hair and nails and should be aware of the preventive measures, if available, as quality of life can be reduced, and adherence and compliance to treatment may be impaired.

Apparent darkening of scalp hair related to pili multigemini Following dabrafenib and trametinib.

The combination of dabrafenib and trametinib is an important immunotherapy option for patients with BRAF V600 mutation-positive melanoma. This regimen has been reported to cause cutaneous eruptions. However, hair dysmorphology is not a reported side effect to these or any other medications to date. Herein, we highlight a case of pili multigemini formation in a patient with stage IV melanoma receiving treatment with dabrafenib and trametinib and the corresponding clinical findings.

Reacciones capilares de las nuevas terapias diana dirigidas contra el cáncer / Adverse Hair Reactions to New Targeted Therapies for Cancer

Las nuevas terapias inmunológicas dirigidas contra el cáncer han supuesto un cambio radical en el tratamiento y el pronóstico de muchas neoplasias. Estos medicamentos se dirigen de manera mucho más específica contra los mecanismos fisiopatogénicos del cáncer, por lo que adquieren el sobrenombre de "terapias diana". Este cambio de paradigma ha supuesto la aparición de nuevos efectos adversos dermatológicos, que afectan tanto la piel como sus anejos. Los efectos adversos en el pelo pueden manifestarse en alteraciones de su ciclo, forma, color o inmunología. Debido a que son tratamientos nuevos en su mayoría y no existe un documento que englobe todos estos efectos adversos, hemos realizado una exhaustiva revisión bibliográfica para caracterizar de manera concreta cuáles son los efectos adversos tricológicos que pueden inducir cada uno de estos fármacos

The advent of immune targeted therapies for cancer has radically changed the treatment and prognosis of many cancers. These drugs are called targeted therapies because they target specific pathophysiological mechanisms of cancer. This paradigm shift in cancer treatment, however, has resulted in new adverse dermatologic effects involving both the skin and its appendages. In the case of hair, targeted drugs can cause immune alterations and changes in hair growth, color, and shape. Because most targeted therapies are new, there is no single document describing all these adverse effects. We performed an exhaustive review of the literature to characterize adverse hair effects associated with the use of targeted therapies

Adverse Hair Reactions to New Targeted Therapies for Cancer. / Reacciones capilares de las nuevas terapias diana dirigidas contra el cáncer.

The advent of immune targeted therapies for cancer has radically changed the treatment and prognosis of many cancers. These drugs are called targeted therapies because they target specific pathophysiological mechanisms of cancer. This paradigm shift in cancer treatment, however, has resulted in new adverse dermatologic effects involving both the skin and its appendages. In the case of hair, targeted drugs can cause immune alterations and changes in hair growth, color, and shape. Because most targeted therapies are new, there is no single document describing all these adverse effects. We performed an exhaustive review of the literature to characterize adverse hair effects associated with the use of targeted therapies.

Understanding and Addressing Hair Disorders in Transgender Individuals.

In the United States, an increasing number of individuals are identifying as transgender. Males at birth who identify as females are called male-to-female (MTF) transgender individuals or trans women, and females at birth who identify as males are called female-to-male (FTM) transgender individuals or trans men. The transgender patient population possess unique health concerns disparate from those of the general populace. Exogenous hormone therapy for transgender patients leads to changes in the distribution and pattern of hair growth. Exogenous testosterone can lead to male pattern hair loss and hirsutism, while estrogen therapy usually results in decreased facial and body hair growth and density. A thorough understanding of the hormonal treatments that may be used in transgender individuals as well the unique and complex biologic characteristics of the hair follicle is required for appropriate diagnosis, counseling and treatment of patients. The aim of this article is to provide a framework for understanding hair disorders in transgender individuals and effective treatment options.

Cutaneous Adverse Events of New Anti-melanoma Therapies: Classification and Management.

Over the past decade, targeted therapies such as BRAF inhibitors, MEK inhibitors and immunotherapies such as anti-CTLA4 and anti-PD1 antibodies have emerged as novel treatments of advanced melanoma. Along with increased use of these therapies, a range of cutaneous adverse events have also emerged, varying from more serious and frequent cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma to mere cosmetic changes such as curly hair or rare severe toxic epidermal necrolysis. Early detection and management of these cutaneous adverse events will aid patients to receive accurate treatment, avoid unnecessary discontinuation of anti-tumour treatment and improve the patient's overall quality of life. This review will describe various cutaneous adverse events of anti-melanoma therapies and its management.

Yellow hair following sequential application of bacitracin zinc and selenium sulfide: Report of acquired xanthotrichosis and review of yellow hair discoloration.

BackgroundAcquired yellow hair (xanthotrichosis) can result from the deposition of pigmented compounds on the hair shaft or from chemical modification of hair pigment and protein molecules.PurposeA white-haired 77-year-old woman who developed xanthotrichosis of her scalp hair following the sequential application of bacitracin zinc ointment and selenium sulfide 2.5% lotion is described and the causes of yellow hair discoloration are reviewed.Materials and methodsThe clinical features of a woman with acquired yellow hair discoloration are presented. Using PubMed and Google Scholar, the following terms were searched and relevant citations were assessed: bacitracin zinc, hair discoloration, selenium sulfide, xanthotrichosis, and yellow hair.ResultsYellow hair was observed on the scalp in areas treated with the following regimen: prior to bedtime, several areas of the scalp were treated with a single application of bacitracin zinc ointment. The next morning, selenium sulfide 2.5% lotion was applied and then rinsed from the scalp during showering. Yellow hair discoloration was apparent in co-treated areas immediately following rinsing; the discoloration gradually faded over 2-5 days with regular shampooing.ConclusionsAcquired yellow hair shaft discoloration has been reported secondary to multiple etiologies, including environmental and occupational exposures, iatrogenic causes (including topical and systemic drugs) and protein-calorie malnutrition. To this list, we add yellow discoloration of white scalp hair due to application of selenium sulfide following topical use of bacitracin zinc in the affected areas as an unexpected adverse effect that may occur in individuals with white hair.