Os desafios e as possibilidades do precesso de trabalho do assistente social em casa de apoio a crianças e adolescentes cardíacos e transplantados do coração / Challenges and opportunities in the process of social worker work at a home support of cardiac children and teens and heart transplanted

Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar os desafios e as possibilidades do processo de trabalho do assistente social em casa de apoio às crianças e adolescentes cardíacos e transplantados do coração. O trabalho junto aos pacientes e às mulheres cuidadoras, usuários de casa de apoio, envolve uma complexidade tal, pois se trata de uma das expressões da questão social que incide no plano da saúde, da pobreza e da família, dentre outros. Sendo assim, refletir acerca do trabalho do assistente social neste campo é fundamental, na perspectiva de trazer para o debate uma prática que cada vez mais tem sido demandada a este profissional, que trabalha, sobretudo em entidades de proteção à saúde e também no terceiro setor. Entender o paciente de forma integral considerando seus aspectos físicos, psíquicos e sociais, que envolvem sua vida física social e mental, é o objetivo central deste estudo. A análise foi desenvolvida a partir de bibliografia especializada nas questões relacionadas à saúde doença, às lutas e conquista por um sistem único de saúde, à política de saúde hoje, ao terceiro setor, ao papel social que a ACTC tem com relação a esta temática e ao papel do assistente social no atendimento às mães das crianças e dos adolescentes cardíacos e transplantados e os impactos sociais que o Tratamento Fora de Domicílio causa no cotidiano familiar de quem cuida de quem é cuidado.

This present study approaches the insertion of social service in care of patients and caretakers of children and teenagers with heart problems and heart transplanted, which make. Treatment out of Domicile and live temporarity in support homes. Working with patients and women caregivers, home users support involves complexity, because it is an expression of social issue that focuses in health, poverty, family and others. So reflection on the work of the social worker in this field is essential in view of bringing the debate to a practice that has been increasingly demanded in the profissional, who works mainly in health protection agencies and also in the third sector. The analysis was developed from an analysis of specialized bibliography on issue related to health: concept of health and disease, struggles and conquest by a sole healthcare system, health policy today, the Third Sector, the social role that ACTC has regarding this subject and the role of social worker in caring for mothers of children and teenagers with heart problems and heart transplanted, and social impacts that the Treatment Out of Domicile cause in the everyday of families who care and who are cared.

Perceptions of sober living houses among addiction counselors and mental health therapists: knowledge, views and perceived barriers.

Affordable alcohol- and drug-free housing that supports recovery is limited in many areas. Sober living houses (SLHs) offer a unique living environment that supports abstinence and maintenance of a recovery lifestyle. Previous studies show that SLH residents make improvements on alcohol, drug and other problems that are maintained at 18-month follow-up (Polcin et al. 2010). However, for SLHs to maximize their impact they must recognize how they are viewed by community stakeholders and successfully address barriers. This pilot study recruited a convenience sample of two stakeholder groups, certified alcohol and drug counselors (N = 85) and licensed mental health therapists (N = 49), to explore knowledge and views about SLHs using an online survey. Therapists and counselors had similar views about SLHs, although counselors had more direct experience with them and were more knowledgeable. Both groups were highly supportive of increasing the role of SLHs to address addiction problems in their communities. Those who were most supportive had more knowledge about SLHs, agreed that alcohol and drug problems were caused by a physical disease, and agreed that successful recovery required an abstinent living environment. Both groups identified a variety of barriers, particularly social stigma. Recommendations are made for knowledge dissemination and decreasing barriers.

La atención de la fractura de fémur en las unidades de convalecencia / No disponible

El desarrollo de las Unidades de Media Estancia (UME) o Convalecencia (UC), según las diferentes acepciones, ha permitido proseguir el proceso rehabilitador en los pacientes ancianos afectos de fractura del tercio proximal de fémur. Este hecho, contribuye a una reducción de la mortalidad innata del proceso, un mejor resultado de recuperación funcional así cómo a una disminución de las complicaciones propias, que un evento como la fractura de fémur, dada su magnitud, ocasiona al paciente anciano. Otro aspecto fundamental es el de la utilización de los recursos sociales y sanitarios, que se ven favorecidos y optimizados en su gestión gracias a la existencia de dichas unidades. La reducción de la estancia media en los hospitales de agudos y una menor tasa de institucionalización al final del alta médica, son claros ejemplos de la efectividad y la eficiencia de las unidades de convalecencia(AU)

The development of Geriatric Assesment Units or Geriatric Rehabilitation Units, according to different meanings, has allowed the rehabilitation process to be carried on in old patients affected in hip fracture. This fact, leads to a reduction of the death of the process, a better functional recuperation, and at the same time, decreasing of the common complications, which uses to affect the old patient, due to its magnitude. Another fundamental aspect is the use of sanitary and social sources, which are being optimized in their management due to the existence of some sectors. The reduction of average in hospitals and a lower tax in institutionalization at the end of medical discharge, are clear examples of the effectiveness and efficiency of the convalescence sectors(AU)

The development of a specialist hostel for the community management of personality disordered offenders.

BACKGROUND: Since the late 1990s, in England and in Wales, there has been increasing interest in the particular challenges of managing offenders with personality disorder (PD). In 1999, a specialist hostel, managed by the probation service but with a high level of forensic mental health service input, was opened to high-risk PD offenders. AIMS: To describe the first 93 high-risk residents with PD who were completing sentences under life licence, parole or probation, and their outcome. METHODS: We investigated the nature of the offences residents had previously committed, their psychological profile in terms of personality patterns on the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-III) and the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R), as well as staff commentary on their progress, to establish whether these factors related to outcome in terms of completion of stay in the hostel or premature discharge. Curfew failures and rearrest rates were also measured. RESULTS: Of the 80 men who completed their residency within the two years of the study, the majority (50) left the hostel for positive reasons under mutual agreement. One-fifth were rearrested while resident, which is a lower rate than would be expected for such a group of offenders. PCL-R scores were predictive of outcome, but so was previous offending history. Self-defeating traits on the MCMI-III and negative comments written by hostel staff were also associated with failure. CONCLUSIONS: The hostel development demonstrated that probation and health services can work together to manage violent offenders with high levels of psychological dysfunction, and the evaluation provided some indications of how such arrangements might be enhanced.

Recovering from alcoholism in communal-living settings: exploring the characteristics of African American men and women.

African American men (n = 33) and women (n = 32) residing in a self-governed, communal-living aftercare program known as Oxford House were surveyed on socio-demographic, personality, recovery, and setting attribute variables. Women, compared to men, were more likely to report sexual abuse as an adult, be diagnosed with an eating disorder, engage in writing bad checks prior to recovery, and claim a stronger perception that Oxford House provided a structured and safe setting. Men, in contrast to women, were more likely to have engaged in drug sales and residential theft prior to recovery, claim less self-doubt about controlling their future life, and report greater attempts at rebuilding interpersonal relations and working 12-step programs. Men and women did not differ significantly in self-reports of co-dependency. Results indicate that gender specific and culturally sensitive characteristics upon both entry and in the course of recovery should be considered in communal facilities such as Oxford House.

Problems of therapeutic community practice in two halfway houses for disturbed adolescents: a comparative sociological study.

Materials gathered from a participant observation study of two therapeutic communities for disturbed adolescents were used to highlight the respective problems of two contrasting approaches to therapy. Whereas one community pursued the principles of programming and instrumental intervention, the other community's approach centred on minimal supervision and reality confrontation; the two communities mirrored, at a micro-level, wider divisions of practice within the therapeutic communities movement.

[The residential structure as a therapeutic instrument]. / Wohnheimstrukturen als therapeutische Instrumente.

The frequency of residential placements in homes and households contrasts with the scarcity of its evaluation with respect to therapeutical effects. In order to facilitate evaluative studies, relevant structural elements and suggestions for a typology are discussed as well as methodological problems. Examples of empirical studies and their results are presented.

Behavioral assessment technique as a clinical intervention.

Behavioral assessment procedures have been used to predict the onset of addictive behaviors. However, no controlled studies have been conducted to demonstrate the usefulness of such procedures in the treatment of drug abuse. A group using the Behavioral Assessment Technique (BAT) as an indicator for clinical intervention was compared to a group in which the BAT was not used clinically. The results indicated that the BAT was not particularly effective for clinical purposes. This failure was independent of the BAT's accuracy in predicting drug usage. Alternative hypotheses were discussed.

Practical issues in developing and operating a halfway house program.

During its six years of operation, the halfway house program of the Southern Arizona Mental Health Center has developed a well-defined set of program goals, referral procedures, staffing patterns, and procedures for operating the houses, many of which are described here. The program serves 25 residents in four adjacent houses. It is operated as a therapeutic community with a broad range of structured activities and treatment modalities and an emphasis on solving reality problems. The staff of director, therapist-counselors, residential (or nighttime) counselors, and volunteer counselors is supplemented by the services of consultants, the mental health center, and community agencies.