[Future Developments in Trauma Care in Germany]. / Zukunft der Traumaversorgung in Deutschland.

Trauma surgical care in Germany faces major challenges. The increasing number of cases due to demographic change, combined with reduced bed capacity, requires a rethink in many areas. In order to continue to ensure basic and standard care at a high level and across the board in the future, economic incentives must be created to maintain sufficient locations for trauma care. At the same time, there is a shortage of skilled workers that will worsen in the coming years if appropriate measures are not taken to counteract it. Structural changes will also be needed to improve cross-sector networking between outpatient and inpatient care. With the increase in outpatient care, future shortages of both bed capacity and staff shortages may be buffered.

Estimated prospects of demand and supply of urologists in Korea over the next 10 years.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to provide the basic data needed to estimate future urologist supply and demand by applying various statistical models related to healthcare utilization. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from multiple sources, including the Yearbook of Health and Welfare Statistics, Korean Hospital Association, Korean Medical Association, and the Korean Urological Association, were used for supply estimation. Demand estimation incorporated data on both clinical and non-clinical urologists, along with future population estimates. In-and-out moves and demographic methods were employed for supply estimation, while the Bureau of Health Professions model was utilized for demand estimation. Supply estimation assumptions included fixed resident quotas, age-specific death rates, migration rates, and retirement age considerations. Demand estimation assumptions included combining clinical and nonclinical urologist demands, adjusting population size for age-related healthcare usage variations. Urologist productivity was determined by adjusting productivity levels to 100%, 90%, and 80% of the base year based on actual clinical practice volumes. RESULTS: Estimations of both demand and supply consistently indicate an oversupply of urologists until 2025, followed by an expected shortage by 2035 owing to increased deaths and retirements attributed to the aging urologist population. This shortage becomes more pronounced when employing more reliable models, such as logit or ARIMA (autoregressive integrated moving average), underscoring the growing need for urologists in the future. CONCLUSIONS: All estimation models estimated an oversupply of urologists until 2025, transitioning to a deficit due to reduced supply thereafter. However, considering potential unaccounted factors, greater effort is needed for accurate predictions and corresponding measures.

Closing the Chasm: Understanding and Addressing the Anesthesia Workforce Supply and Demand Imbalance.

The imbalance in anesthesia workforce supply and demand has been exacerbated post-COVID due to a surge in demand for anesthesia care, especially in non-operating room anesthetizing sites, at a faster rate than the increase in anesthesia clinicians. The consequences of this imbalance or labor shortage compromise healthcare facilities, adversely affect the cost of care, worsen anesthesia workforce burnout, disrupt procedural and surgical schedules, and threaten academic missions and the ability to educate future anesthesiologists. In developing possible solutions, one must examine emerging trends that are affecting the anesthesia workforce, new technologies that will transform anesthesia care and the workforce, and financial considerations, including governmental payment policies. Possible practice solutions to this imbalance will require both short- and long-term multifactorial approaches that include increasing training positions and retention policies, improving capacity through innovations, leveraging technology, and addressing financial constraints.

Towards reliable forecasting of healthcare capacity needs: A scoping review and evidence mapping.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the critical importance of robust healthcare capacity planning and preparedness for emerging crises. However, healthcare systems must also adapt to more gradual temporal changes in disease prevalence and demographic composition over time. To support proactive healthcare planning, statistical capacity forecasting models can provide valuable information to healthcare planners. This systematic literature review and evidence mapping aims to identify and describe studies that have used statistical forecasting models to estimate healthcare capacity needs within hospital settings. METHOD: Studies were identified in the databases MEDLINE and Embase and screened for relevance before items were defined and extracted within the following categories: forecast methodology, measure of capacity, forecast horizon, healthcare setting, target diagnosis, validation methods, and implementation. RESULTS: 84 studies were selected, all focusing on various capacity outcomes, including number of hospital beds/ patients, staffing, and length of stay. The selected studies employed different analytical models grouped in six items; discrete event simulation (N = 13, 15 %), generalized linear models (N = 21, 25 %), rate multiplication (N = 15, 18 %), compartmental models (N = 14, 17 %), time series analysis (N = 22, 26 %), and machine learning not otherwise categorizable (N = 12, 14 %). The review further provides insights into disease areas with infectious diseases (N = 24, 29 %) and cancer (N = 12, 14 %) being predominant, though several studies forecasted healthcare capacity needs in general (N = 24, 29 %). Only about half of the models were validated using either temporal validation (N = 39, 46 %), cross-validation (N = 2, 2 %) or/and geographical validation (N = 4, 5 %). CONCLUSION: The forecasting models' applicability can serve as a resource for healthcare stakeholders involved in designing future healthcare capacity estimation. The lack of routine performance validation of the used algorithms is concerning. There is very little information on implementation and follow-up validation of capacity planning models.

Dermatology workforce projections in the United States, 2021 to 2036.

BACKGROUND: There has been a growing imbalance between supply of dermatologists and demand for dermatologic care. To best address physician shortages, it is important to delineate supply and demand patterns in the dermatologic workforce. The goal of this study was to explore dermatology supply and demand over time. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of workforce supply and demand projections for dermatologists from 2021 to 2036 using data from the Health Workforce Simulation Model from the National Center for Health Workforce Analysis. Estimates for total workforce supply and demand were summarized in aggregate and stratified by rurality. Scenarios with status quo demand and improved access were considered. RESULTS: Projected total supply showed a 12.45% increase by 2036. Total demand increased 12.70% by 2036 in the status quo scenario. In the improved access scenario, total supply was inadequate for total demand in any year, lagging by 28% in 2036. Metropolitan areas demonstrated a relative supply surplus up to 2036; nonmetropolitan areas had at least a 157% excess in demand throughout the study period. In 2021 adequacy was 108% and 39% adequacy for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas, respectively; these differences were projected to continue through 2036. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that the dermatology physician workforce is inadequate to meet the demand for dermatologic services in nonmetropolitan areas. Furthermore, improved access to dermatologic care would bolster demand and especially exacerbate workforce inadequacy in nonmetropolitan areas. Continued efforts are needed to address health inequities and ensure access to quality dermatologic care for all.

Geographical accessibility of medical resources, health status, and demand of integrated care for older people: a cross-sectional survey from Western China.

BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization (WHO) published the Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) framework to help healthcare providers cope with the population aging crisis. However, the relevant evidence on the demands of older people and the compensatory capacity of the environment is limited. This study reports for the first time the level of the ICOPE demand in Western China that includes the impact of geographic accessibility of medical resources (GAMR) on ICOPE demand and the potential mechanism of health status. METHODS: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among 1200 adults aged 60 years and older selected through multi-stage stratified cluster sampling to obtain relevant data, including ICOPE demand, health status, and GAMR. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to analyze the impact of GAMR on ICOPE demand among older people and those with different health statuses. RESULTS: Among the prospective research participants, 1043 were eligible for the study. The mean score of ICOPE demand among all participants was 3.68 (standard deviation [SD] = 0.78). After adjusting for covariates between high and low GAMR groups (1:1 match), ICOPE demand was significantly higher in the low GAMR group than in the high GAMR group (average treatment effect on the treated [ATT] = 0.270, p < 0.05). For both good and poor self-rated health status, the ICOPE demand of the low GAMR group was significantly higher than that in the high GAMR group (ATT = 0.345, p < 0.05; ATT = 0.190, p < 0.05). For chronic diseases, the ICOPE demand of older people with multimorbidity in the low GAMR group was significantly higher than that in the high GAMR group (ATT = 0.318, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The older population in Western China has a relatively high demand for ICOPE. Low GAMR is a key factor in ICOPE demand growth in this region. It accelerates demand release for both older people with multimorbidity and self-perceptions of health.

Children with palliative care needs - the landscape of the nordic countries.

BACKGROUND: To strengthen palliative care for children in the Nordic countries, an updated status of current needs, resources, clinical services, education, and research is necessary to align and consolidate future research. A Nordic research collaboration initiative for children with palliative care needs was assembled in 2023. Building on this initiative, this paper presents an overview of pediatric palliative care (PPC) in the Nordic countries' (a) population characteristics, (b) care models and setting of care, (c) education and training, and (d) research. METHODS: The Nordic initiative researchers collaboratively gathered and assessed available data on the characteristics of PPC within Denmark, Finland, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, the Faroe Islands, Sweden, and Åland. Data were compiled in a matrix with population characteristics, models- and setting of care, education and training, and areas of research in a Nordic context. The findings are narratively and descriptively presented, providing an overview of Nordic PPC. RESULTS: In total, the Nordic child population comprises around six million children (0-19 years), of which about 41.200 are estimated to be living with a life-limiting and/or life-threatening condition. Healthcare services are provided through various care models, ranging from specialized care to homecare settings. Overall, there remain few opportunities for education and training with some exceptions. Also, Nordic research within PPC has been shown to be a growing field although much remains to be done. CONCLUSION: This overview is the first outline of the current PPC in Nordic countries. Although some differences remain important to acknowledge, overall, the strengths and challenges faced within PPC in the Nordic countries are comparable and call for joint action to increase evidence, services, and education to better serve the children, families, and healthcare personnel within PPC. Despite the varying structural premises for PPC, research endeavors aiming to provide evidence in this field seem increasing, timely and relevant for the Nordic countries, as well as the international context.

Demandas urgentes en atención primaria. Comparativa antes y durante la pandemia / Urgent demands in primary care. Comparative before and during the pandemic

Objetivos: Conocer el porcentaje de situaciones verdaderamente urgentes que acuden al centro de salud basándose en el Triángulo de Evaluación Pediátrica. Como objetivo secundario también se ha analizado la presión asistencial comparando ambos periodos del estudio. Material y métodos: revisión de los triajes en 2 periodos de tiempo diferenciados, su clasifica-ción y motivos de consulta, así como edad, sexo del niño/a. Resultados: En el primer periodo estudiado de enero-febrero de 2020 las consultas urgentes supusieron un 31,5% del total, siendo el 95,91% de las mismas clasificadas como “no urgentes”. En el segundo periodo de enero-febrero de 2021, las citas urgentes fueron un 5,2% del total, contando con un porcentaje de “no urgentes” del 78,9%. La disminución de la demanda urgente entre ambos tramos ha sido del 26,3%. A destacar que durante el periodo pandémico disminuyó también la consulta programada. Conclusiones: El triaje por parte de enfermería se muestra útil para valorar la llegada de pacien-tes de manera urgente. Así mismo, la mayoría de demandas referidas como urgentes desde el punto de vista de los padres/madres/tutores, no lo son desde el punto de vista clínico. (AU)

Objectives: To know the percentage of truly urgent situations that come to the primary care center based on the Pediatric Evaluation Triangle. As a secondary objective, healthcare pressure was also analyzed by comparing both periods of the study. Material and methods: review of triages in 2 different periods of time, their classification and reasons for de-mand, as well as age and sex of the children. Results: In the first period studied f rom January-Febru-ary 2020, urgent consultations accounted for 31.5% of the total, with 95.91% of them classified as “non-urgent”. In the second period of January-February 2021, urgent ap-pointments were 5.2% of the total, with a percentage of “non-urgent” of 78.9%. The decrease in urgent demand between both sections has been 26.3%. It should be noted that during the pandemic period the scheduled consultation also decreased. Conclusions: Triage by nursing staff is useful to assess the arrival of patients urgently. Likewise, the majority of demands referred to as urgent f rom the point of view of the parents / guardians are not so f rom the clinical view. (AU)

Conhecendo as demandas de cuidado em saúde mental de jovens homoafetivos / Conociendo las demandas de cuidado en salud mental de jóvenes homoafectivos / Knowing the demands of mental health care of the young homoaffective

Objetivo: conhecer as demandas de cuidado em saúde mental de jovens homoafetivos. Método: pesquisa qualitativa, realizada com 18 jovens homoafetivos, estudantes universitários, em Santa Catarina. A produção de informações ocorreu em 2016, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, com questões sobre percepções em relação à própria saúde mental, a homoafetividade e expectativas frente ao cuidado de saúde. As informações foram interpretadas mediante análise de conteúdo. Resultados: foram identificadas vulnerabilidades individuais, sociais e programáticas dos jovens homoafetivos, que podem interferir na saúde mental, levando-os a buscar suporte profissional. Foram relatadas fragilidades dos serviços de saúde para este cuidado. Considerações finais: os jovens homoafetivos vivenciam situações de vulnerabilidades, havendo demandas de cuidados que são negligenciadas nos serviços de saúde. Eles carecem de inovações, sobretudo em saúde mental, uma vez que sofrem agressões, opressões e estigmas, que colaboram para o uso de drogas. Ainda, questionam sobre atendimentos igualitários, resolutivos, livres de preconceitos e assistência humanizada.

Objetivo: conocer las demandas de cuidado en salud mental de jóvenes homoafectivos. Método: investigación cualitativa, realizada con 18 jóvenes homoafectivos, estudiantes universitarios, en Santa Catarina. La producción de información ocurrió en 2016, por medio de entrevista semiestructurada, con cuestiones sobre percepciones en relación a la propia salud mental, la homoafectividad y expectativas frente al cuidado de salud. La información se ha interpretado mediante análisis de contenido. Resultados: se identificaron vulnerabilidades individuales, sociales y programáticas de los jóvenes homoafectivos, que pueden interferir en la salud mental, llevándolos a buscar apoyo profesional. Se han reportado debilidades de los servicios de salud para este cuidado. Consideraciones finales: los jóvenes homoafectivos experimentan situaciones de vulnerabilidad, habiendo demandas de atención que son descuidadas en los servicios de salud. Carecen de innovaciones, sobre todo en salud mental, ya que sufren agresiones, opresiones y estigmas, que colaboran para el uso de drogas. Aún, cuestionan sobre atenciones igualitarias, resolutivos, libres de prejuicios y asistencia humanizada.

Objective: to know the demands of mental health care of young homosexuals. Method: qualitative research, conducted with 18 young homoaffective, university students in Santa Catarina. The production of information occurred in 2016, through semi-structured interviews, with questions about perceptions regarding mental health, homoaffectivity and expectations regarding health care. The information was interpreted through content analysis. Results: individual, social and programmatic vulnerabilities of young homosexuals were identified, which can interfere with mental health, leading them to seek professional support. Weaknesses of health services for this care were reported. Final considerations: young homosexuals experience situations of vulnerability, with demands for care that are neglected in health services. They lack innovations, especially in mental health, since they suffer aggression, oppression and stigma, which contribute to drug use. Still, they question about equal care, problem-solving, free of prejudice and humanized assistance.

Reflexiones sobre la necesidad de Unidades de Referencia de Nefropatología / Reflections on the need for Nephropathology Reference Units

1. La ERC tiene una elevada incidencia y prevalencia con un alto impacto sobre la calidad de vida y mortalidad de los pacientes, lo que supone un importante consumo de recursos sanitarios. 2. En un porcentaje relevante de pacientes no se dispone de un diagnóstico etiológico de la ERC, lo que limita sus posibilidades de tratamiento y curación. 3. Las acciones dirigidas a mejorar el diagnóstico permitirán favorecer un mejor conocimiento de las causas de la ERC y optimizar el tratamiento. 4. La biopsia renal, constituye el procedimiento necesario para el estudio histopatológico del tejido renal que permitirá establecer el diagnóstico, las posibilidades de tratamiento y el pronóstico del daño renal. 5. El trasplante renal constituye la mejor opción de TRS. La causa más frecuente de pérdida del injerto renal es el rechazo. La biopsia renal es el único método para establecer el tipo de rechazo e iniciar el tratamiento más adecuado. 6. La planificación del tratamiento de la enfermedad renal se establece con base en un diagnóstico preciso y este se basa en el diagnóstico histológico. La falta de una adecuada interpretación diagnóstica, bien por inexperiencia del patólogo, bien por falta de medios diagnósticos (microscopia electrónica), condiciona y limita las opciones de tratamiento en perjuicio del enfermo

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Pacientes con carcinoma broncogénico en lista de espera en plena crisis del COVID-19: ¿y ahora qué hacemos? / Lung Cancer Patients on the Waiting List in the Midst of the COVID-19 Crisis: What Do We Do Now?

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Psychiatry in the aftermath of COVID-19 / La psiquiatría post-COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced mental health professionals to substantially change the way they work and may have a delayed impact on patients. The aftermath of COVID-19 will shine a light on certain aspects of psychiatry addressed in this article: psychiatry as a medical specialty, the psychological aspects of medical practice, liaison and consultative psychiatry, home hospitalization, and virtual or telemedicine outpatient care. The consequences of population lockdown, complicated grief over solitary deaths, and the impact of the health crisis on mental health professionals - from hospitals to community services, rehabilitation facilities, and primary care - will be the focus of our efforts during the period of lockdown easing and in the medium term. There will be a foreseeable increase in demand for psychiatric care in the medium and long term along with an impact on mental health education and research

La pandemia por COVID-19 ha obligado a modificar sustancialmente la forma de trabajar de los profesionales de la salud mental, y puede tener un impacto diferido sobre los pacientes. La psiquiatría post-COVID-19 pondrá en valor la especialidad como parte de la medicina, los aspectos psicológicos de la práctica médica, la psiquiatría de enlace e interconsulta hospitalaria, la atención domiciliaria y la atención ambulatoria virtual o telemática. Las consecuencias del confinamiento poblacional, el duelo por las muertes solitarias y el impacto de la crisis sanitaria sobre los profesionales de la salud mental, desde los dispositivos hospitalarios hasta los comunitarios, de rehabilitación y la atención primaria, centrarán nuestros esfuerzos durante el desescalado y el medio plazo. Es previsible un aumento de la demanda de atención psiquiátrica a medio y largo plazo, y un impacto en la docencia e investigación en salud mental

Situación laboral de los egresados de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Cartagena / Employment situation of graduates from the University of Cartagena School of Dentistry

RESUMEN Introducción: El seguimiento de los egresados constituye una herramienta para obtener un diagnóstico del contexto donde se desenvuelven e inducir reflexión en las instituciones de educación superior. Objetivo: Identificar la situación laboral de los egresados de la Facultad de Odontologia de la Universidad de Cartagena entre los años 1990 a 1999. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo longitudinal retrospectivo. La población estuvo constituida por 517 egresados del programa de odontología en el periodo 1990-1999, y la muestra por 213. Se estudiaron variables como la distribución de los egresados según las características sociodemográficas, la situación laboral, la situación económica, y la relación de la situación laboral con las características sociodemográficas. Resultados: El 82,6 por ciento se encontraba ejerciendo la carrera, de los cuales el 68,5 por ciento se hallaba ubicado laboralmente en la región Caribe y el 73,2 por ciento laboraba en el sector privado. El 70,9 por ciento de los participantes contaba con un ingreso promedio mensual mayor de 2 000 000 de pesos. Con respecto a la dedicación laboral, el 49,8 por ciento invertía tiempo completo en la actividad desarrollada y el tipo de contratación al que pertenecía era término indefinido en el 40,4 por ciento. Conclusiones: A pesar de la gran oferta de odontólogos que existe en Colombia actualmente, la mayoría de los egresados evaluados se encuentran laborando en su carrera, lo que les proporciona ingresos económicos suficientes para poder cubrir sus necesidades(AU)

ABSTRACT Introduction: Following up the employment situation of graduates is a tool useful to obtain a diagnosis of the context where they perform their professional activities and induce higher education institutions to reflect upon the subject. Objective: Identify the employment situation of graduates from the University of Cartagena School of Dentistry in the period 1990-1999. Methods: An observational retrospective longitudinal descriptive study was conducted. The study population was 517 dental professionals graduating in the period 1990-1999, from whom a sample of 213 was obtained. Among the variables analyzed were the distribution of graduates according to their sociodemographic characteristics, employment situation, economic situation and the relationship between employment situation and sociodemographic characteristics. Results: Of the total sample, 82.6 percent were performing tasks related to their university studies. Of these, 68.5 percent had a job in the Caribe region and 73.2 por ciento in the private sector. The average monthly income of 70.9 percent of the participants was above 2 000 000 pesos. As to contractual conditions, 49.8 percent were hired full time and 40.4 percenthad an indefinite term contract. Conclusions: Despite the great offer of dentists in Colombia nowadays, most of the graduates evaluated have a job related to their studies, which provides them with sufficient economic means to meet their needs(AU)

Lo evidente ante nosotros / The obvious before us

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O que pessoas que usam drogas buscam em serviços de saúde? Compreensões para além da abstinência / What do people who use drugs look for in healthcare services? Understanding this issue beyond abstinence / ¿Qué es lo que las personas que usan drogas buscan en los servicios de salud? Comprensiones más allá de la abstinencia

Proposições de modificação da Atenção no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) às pessoas que usam drogas têm desconsiderado suas necessidades, demandas e expectativas. A partir de contribuições da Saúde Coletiva, buscou-se compreendê-las por meio de pesquisa qualitativa que envolveu entrevistas semiestruturadas, grupos focais e observação participante em Centros de Atenção Psicossocial-Álcool e Drogas (Caps-AD). Constatou-se que os usuários se dirigem aos serviços não apenas para interromper o consumo de drogas, mas também para reduzi-lo, para receber atenção em relação a comprometimentos orgânicos ou psíquicos, construir laços sociais, ter acesso a condições básicas de vida e conquistar autonomia. A pesquisa, ao ampliar as compreensões sobre as demandas, necessidades e expectativas das pessoas que usam drogas, apresentou contribuições para a análise e redefinição das práticas e do modelo de atenção adotados no SUS.(AU)

Proposals to modify the care provided for drug users in the Brazilian National Health System (SUS) have not been considering their needs, demands and expectations. Based on contributions from Collective Health, our objective was to understand them by means of a qualitative research that involved semi-structured interviews, focus groups and participant observation at Alcohol and Drugs Psychosocial Care Centers (Caps AD). We found that users go to the services not only to interrupt drug use, but also to reduce it, to receive care for organic or psychological problems, to construct social bonds, to have access to basic life conditions, and to achieve autonomy. By amplifying the understanding about the demands, needs and expectations of people who use drugs, the research has contributed to the analysis and redefinition of the care practices and model adopted by SUS.(AU)

Las propuestas de modificación de la atención en el Sistema Brasileño de Salud (SUS) para las personas que usan drogas han desconsiderado sus necesidades, demandas y expectativas. A partir de contribuciones de la Salud Colectiva, se buscó comprenderlas por medio de una investigación cualitativa que envolvió entrevistas semiestructuradas, grupos focales y observación participante en Centros de Atención Psicosocial - Alcohol y Drogas (Caps AD). Se constató que los usuarios se dirigen a los servicios no solo para interrumpir el consumo de drogas, sino también para reducirlo, para recibir atención para comprometimientos orgánicos o psíquicos, construir lazos sociales, tener acceso a condiciones básicas de vida y conquistar autonomía. La investigación, al ampliar las comprensiones sobre las demandas, necesidades y expectativas de las personas que usan drogas, presentó contribuciones para el análisis y redefinición de las prácticas y del modelo de atención adoptados en el SUS.(AU)

Legal demands of the tiotropium bromide for treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and their financial impact for the State of Paraná, Brazil / Demandas judiciais do uso de brometo tiotrópio para o tratamento da doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica e o impacto financeiro para o Estado do Paraná, Brasil

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze the legal demands of tiotropium bromide to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Methods We included secondary data from the pharmaceutical care management systems made available by the Paraná State Drug Center. Results Public interest civil action and ordinary procedures, among others, were the most common used by the patients to obtain the medicine. Two Health Centers in Paraná (Londrina and Umuarama) concentrated more than 50% of the actions. The most common specialty of physicians who prescribed (33.8%) was pulmonology. There is a small financial impact of tiotropium bromide on general costs with medicines of the Paraná State Drug Center. However, a significant individual financial impact was observed because one unit of the medicine represents 38% of the Brazilian minimum wage. Conclusion Our study highlights the need of incorporating this medicine in the class of long-acting anticholinergic bronchodilator in the Brazilian public health system.

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar as demandas judiciais do brometo de tiotrópio para tratar a doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica. Métodos Foram considerados dados secundários dos sistemas gerenciais de assistência farmacêutica, disponibilizados pelo Centro de Medicamentos do Paraná. Resultados Ações civis públicas e ações ordinárias, de procedimento comum, entre outras, foram as mais praticadas pelos pacientes para obter o medicamento. Duas Regionais de Saúde do Paraná (Londrina e Umuarama) concentraram mais de 50% das ações. Quanto à especialidade dos médicos prescritores, 33,8% eram pneumologistas. Verificou-se discreto impacto financeiro do brometo de tiotrópio nos gastos gerais com medicamentos pelo Centro de Medicamentos do Paraná. Entretanto, também houve relevante impacto financeiro individual, pois uma unidade do medicamento consome 38% do salário mínimo. Conclusão O estudo aponta para a necessidade de incorporação deste medicamento da classe broncodilatadores anticolinérgicos de longa duração, no Sistema Único de Saúde.

Street market saleswomen: strategies for the recognition of health needs / Mujeres feriantes: estrategias para el reconocimiento de las necesidades de salud / Mulheres feirantes: estratégias para o reconhecimento das necessidades de saúde

ABSTRACT Objectives: to describe the strategies used by street market saleswomen to recognize their health needs. Methods: qualitative research, based on the Human Needs Theory. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews, with the participation of 15 street market saleswomen. Content Analysis was used to interpret the results. Results: the following categories emerged: "Potentialities and challenges for addressing health needs", which reflect changes in attitudes and practices related to socially recognized behaviors as harmful, and changes in the work process; and "Popular practices in health care", which points out therapeutic alternatives for the resolution of health problems. Final considerations: the therapeutic choices of street market saleswomen are geared towards meeting their perceived health needs. While the minority of these women recognize their more complex health needs to satisfy it, it is necessary to overcome barriers and limitations in an ongoing way in their lives.

RESUMEN Objetivos: describir las estrategias utilizadas por las mujeres feriantes, para el reconocimiento de sus necesidades de salud. Métodos: pesquisa cualitativa, fundamentada en la Teoría de las Necesidades Humanas. Se colectaron los datos en entrevistas semiestructuradas. Participaron 15 mujeres feriantes. Se interpretaron los datos a través del análisis de contenido. Resultados: emergieron dos categorías temáticas: "Potencialidades y desafíos para el enfrentamiento de las necesidades de salud", que reflejan modificaciones de actitudes y prácticas relacionadas a comportamientos socialmente perjudiciales y cambios en el proceso de trabajo; y, "Prácticas populares en la atención a la salud", que apunta alternativas terapéuticas para la resolución de problemas de salud. Consideraciones finales: se concluyó que las selecciones terapéuticas de las feriantes se vuelcan al enfrentamiento de sus necesidades de salud percibidas, y, aunque la minoría de esas mujeres reconozca sus necesidades de salud más complejas, para satisfacerlas, hay que superar barreras y limitaciones continuamente en sus vidas.

RESUMO Objetivos: descrever as estratégias utilizadas por mulheres feirantes para reconhecimento de suas necessidades de saúde. Métodos: pesquisa qualitativa, fundamentada na Teoria das Necessidades Humanas. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, com a participação de 15 mulheres feirantes. Para a interpretação dos resultados, utilizou-se a Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados: emergiram as categorias temáticas: "Potencialidades e desafios para o enfrentamento das necessidades de saúde", que reflete modificações de atitudes e práticas relacionadas a comportamentos socialmente reconhecidos como prejudiciais, e mudanças no processo de trabalho; e "Práticas populares no cuidado à saúde", que aponta alternativas terapêuticas para a resolução dos problemas de saúde. Considerações finais: evidencia-se que as escolhas terapêuticas das feirantes são voltadas para o enfrentamento de suas necessidades de saúde percebidas. Embora a minoria dessas mulheres reconheça suas necessidades de saúde mais complexas, para satisfazê-la, é necessário superar barreiras e limitações de maneira contínua em suas vidas.