[Endovascular Repair of Aortic Injury Caused by Esophageal Foreign Body:Report of a Case].

A 51-year-old man visited to our hospital because of chest discomfort and hematemesis. He was diagnosed with Mallory-Weiss syndrome and followed in outpatient clinic. One week later, he visited our hospital again for fever and discomfort. Chest computed tomography (CT) showed a foreign body perforated in the mediastinum in the upper esophagus, and he was urgently hospitalized for surgical removal of esophageal foreign body. Before surgery he vomited the esophageal foreign body with a lot of blood. Hematemesis was stopped spontaneously and contrast-enhanced CT revealed a pseudoaneurysm in the distal aortic arch, so thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) was performed to prevent rupture. Esophageal endoscopy found that the site of esophageal injury healed spontaneously, so the patient was followed conservatively with antibiotics. He was discharged on postoperative day 18 uneventfully. TEVAR was an effective treatment for aortic injury caused by esophageal foreign body in our case.

Infectious endarteritis in aortic coarctation: two spectra of an infrequent disease.

OBJECTIVE: To describe two different degrees of clinical commitment and results in the evolution of infectious endarteritis in patients without a previous diagnosis of aortic coarctation. CASE DESCRIPTION: Two male patients aged 13 and 9 years old were admitted. The first due to a fever for 2 months, which started after dental cleaning, and the second due to high blood pressure, both patients with asthenia and weight loss. In the first case, the transthoracic echocardiogram showed aortic coarctation, and the transesophageal echocardiogram showed the presence of vegetations in the post-coarctation area, without pseudoaneurysms, with blood culture positive for Streptococcus mitis. This patient was treated for six weeks with crystalline penicillin, resolving the infection without complications. The second case was assessed for high blood pressure with a history of fever, and was treated with antibiotics. When performing a transthoracic echocardiogram, aortic coarctation was observed with a saccular image classified as a pseudoaneurysm by angiography and tomography. Blood culture was negative, and the patient developed an episode of hematemesis whose initial etiology could not be determined. Before surgical repair, he had a second episode of copious hematemesis with hypovolemic shock and death. COMMENTS: We need to have a high index of clinical suspicion to establish the diagnosis of aortic coarctation complicated by endarteritis and start the appropriate antibiotic treatment, always maintaining surveillance for the early detection of pseudoaneurysms.

[Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the gallbladder as a rare cause for melena and hematemesis in dogs]. / Neuroendokrines Karzinom der Gallenblase als seltene Ursache für Meläna und Hämatemesis beim Hund.

A 9-year-old male Malinois was presented for further workup of acute melena, hematemesis and chronic weight loss for a duration of one month. Clinically, the patient presented with a mildly reduced general condition. Blood tests revealed mild non-regenerative anemia as well as a mild elevation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Ultrasonography showed signs of an early mucocele. Treatment with gastroprotectants failed to lead to clinical improvement and the dog developed progressive anemia. Gastroduodenoscopy was unremarkable. Due to persistent clinical signs, exploratory laparotomy was performed. An ulcerated bleeding mass was detected at the gallbladder neck. Histopathological examination led to the diagnosis of a neuroendocrine carcinoma. There was no evidence of a mucocele on histopathology. Melena and hematemesis subsided postoperatively and 13 months after cholecystectomy, the dog remains without clinical signs. Neuroendocrine carcinomas of the gallbladder should be considered as a rare cause of melena and hematemesis in dogs.

Chicken Bone Ingestion Leads to Aortoesophageal Fistula With Catastrophic Bleeding.

Aortoesophageal fistula (AEF) is an uncommon, but potentially fatal cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Aortoesophageal fistulas caused by foreign body ingestion are rare but devastating. The classic clinical triad of AEF consists of mid-thoracic pain or dysphagia, a herald episode of hematemesis, followed by fatal exsanguination after a symptom-free period (Chiari's triad). Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is the preferred diagnostic tool for identifying AEF and is substantially more sensitive than upper endoscopy for detecting AEF. Endoscopy can detect AEF as it might show pulsatile blood, pulsatile mass, hematoma, or adherent blood clot in the esophagus, or a deep esophageal tear. However, endoscopy has a low sensitivity and may delay definitive treatment. Several management options for AEF have been suggested; however, the definitive treatment is surgery performed on the thoracic aorta and esophagus, including esophagectomy, surgical replacement of the thoracic aorta, thoracic endovascular aortic repair, or omental flap. We report a case of a 63-year-old man who presented with hematemesis 2 weeks after chicken bone ingestion.

Massive bleeding from gastric submucosal arterial collaterals secondary to splenic artery thrombosis: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Gastric submucosal arterial collaterals (GSAC) secondary to splenic artery occlusion is an extraordinary rare and potentially life-threatening cause of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Here, we report a case of massive bleeding from GSAC successfully treated by means of a multidisciplinary minimally invasive approach. CASE SUMMARY: A 60-year-old non-cirrhotic gentleman with a history of arterial hypertension was admitted due to hematemesis. Emergent esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed pulsating and tortuous varicose shaped submucosal vessels in the gastric fundus along with a small erosion overlying one of the vessels. In order to characterize the fundic lesion, pre-operative emergent computed tomography-angiography was performed showing splenic artery thrombosis (SAT) and tortuous arterial structures arising from the left gastric artery and the left gastroepiploic artery in the gastric fundus. GSAC was successfully treated by means of a minimally invasive step-up approach consisting in endoscopic clipping followed by transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE). CONCLUSION: This was a previously unreported case of bleeding GSAC secondary to SAT successfully managed by means of a multidisciplinary minimally invasive approach consisting in endoscopic clipping for the luminal bleeding control followed by elective TAE for the definitive treatment.

Nutritórax: una complicación infrecuente de la nutrición parenteral / Nutrithorax: an uncommon complication of parenteral nutrition

INTRODUCCIÓN: la nutrición parenteral (NP) es una modalidad de soporte nutricional con posibles complicaciones, en parte asociadas al catéter venoso central (CVC). El quilotórax consiste en el derrame de líquido linfático de origen intestinal en el espacio pleural. CASO CLÍNICO: varón de 57 años ingresado para colecistectomía. Presenta un postoperatorio complicado que requiere reposo digestivo y NP. Posteriormente presenta disnea y dolor torácico con derrame pleural bilateral y pericárdico. Inicialmente se interpretó como un quilotórax, por su aspecto lechoso y su contenido en triglicéridos. La TC confirmó la malposición del CVC con salida de NP a nivel del tronco venoso innominado. Fue intervenido quirúrgicamente, realizándose un lavado del mediastino anterior y la reparación de la perforación. La evolución posterior fue favorable. DISCUSIÓN: la extravasación de la NP al espacio pleural es una complicación infrecuente pero posible de la administración de NP por vía central. Por tanto, debe tenerse en cuenta en el diagnóstico diferencial

INTRODUCTION: parenteral nutrition (PN) is commonly used as a nutritional support option. It may cause complications, partly due to a central venous access. Chylothorax is an accumulation of lymphatic fluid in the pleural space. CASE REPORT: a 57-year-old man was admitted for cholecystectomy. A complicated postoperative period required PN. Cardiorespiratory symptoms started while receiving PN, and a bilateral pleural and pericardial effusion was identified. It was initially interpreted as chylothorax due to its milky appearance and high triglyceride content. A CT scan confirmed a malposition of the CVC with PN leakage at the level of the innominate venous trunk. It was surgically repaired. DISCUSSION: parenteral nutrition leakage is an unusual complication of PN. It should be included in the differential diagnosis of pleural effusion

Hemorragia digestiva grave secundaria a esofagitis por virus del herpes simple y citomegalovirus / Severe gastrointestinal bleeding due to synchronous herpes simplex virus and cytomegalovirus esophagitis

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Lethal acute hemorrhage from an aortoesophageal fistula following endoscopy-assisted esophageal foreign body removal in a dog.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical presentation of a dog with fatal hemorrhage from an aortoesophageal fistula (AEF) immediately following endoscopic removal of an osseous esophageal foreign body. CASE SUMMARY: A 12-year-old, male mixed-breed dog presented to a university hospital with a 6-day history of gagging, hematemesis, and anorexia. Physical examination upon arrival was unremarkable. Blood work revealed leukocytosis without anemia. Thoracic radiographs from the referring veterinarian demonstrated the presence of an osseous esophageal foreign body at the level of the heart base. Subsequently, esophagoscopy was performed under general anesthesia. A triangular-shaped, osseous esophageal foreign body was visualized at the level of the heart base and successfully removed. Following its removal, a deep, nonbleeding, presumably nonperforated, esophageal ulcer was revealed. While recovering from anesthesia, the dog's condition acutely deteriorated, with absence of spontaneous respiration, severe tachycardia, hypotension, white-pale mucous membranes, and hypothermia. Severe anemia was present, with hypovolemic shock likely secondary to acute, postprocedural bleeding. Medical management included rapid packed red blood cell transfusion, crystalloid fluid therapy, and tranexamic acid. Despite initial stabilization, several hours later, the dog suffered cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was unsuccessful. At postmortem examination, a 1-mm AEF was identified on the ventral aspect of the aorta that communicated with the overlying esophagus. NEW OR UNIQUE INFORMATION PROVIDED: Aortoesophageal fistulas should be considered in any patient with severe bleeding following esophagoscopy. A history of hematemesis in a dog with an esophageal foreign body should raise suspicion of an AEF and dictate case management accordingly.

Esófago negro ¿es tan malo como parece? / Black esophagus, is it as bad as it seems?

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Tuberculous esophagomediastinal fistula with concomitant mediastinal bronchial artery aneurysm-acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Esophagomediastinal fistula is a very rare complication of tuberculosis in otherwise healthy adults, and mediastinal bronchial artery aneurysm is even rarer. In this case report, we describe a rare case of tuberculosis complication that presented with acute upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. It also highlights the benefits of chest computed tomography (CT) as an excellent adjunct diagnostic tool to endoscopy and bronchoscopy and the role of trans-arterial embolization as a minimal invasive therapy alternative to surgery. CASE SUMMARY: A 19-year-old medically free male patient presented with acute multiple episodes of hematemesis for 1 d. Upper GI endoscopy, bronchoscopy, and chest CT with IV contrast confirmed esophagomediastinal fistula with mediastinal bronchial artery aneurysm. After resuscitating patient with IV fluid and blood product transfusion, trans catheter embolization was performed for mediastinal bronchial artery aneurysm. CONCLUSION: We successfully treated a patient with acute upper GI bleeding due to tuberculous esophagomediastinal fistula and mediastinal bronchial artery aneurysm using transcatheter coil embolization.

Hepatic angiosarcoma in a patient with liver cirrhosis / Angiosarcoma hepático en un paciente con cirrosis hepática

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Severe upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to eosinophilic gastritis / Hemorragia digestiva alta severa por gastritis eosinofilica

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Sedación paliativa en hemorragia digestiva alta masiva (hematemesis) / Palliative sedation in massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding (haematemesis)

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Gastroenteritis eosinofílica en un lactante, manifestada por una hematemesis grave / Eosinophilic gastroenteritis in an infant revealed by a severe upper digestive bleeding

La gastroenteritis eosinofílica representa una patología emergente y pertenece a un espectro reconocido de enfermedades digestivas eosinofílicas. Puede aparecer a cualquier edad y con sintomatología diversa. Su diagnóstico positivo es histológico, aunque no hay una definición precisa. Presentamos un caso atípico de un lactante de 2 meses de edad con una gastroenteritis eosinofílica manifestada por una hemorragia digestiva grave

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis is an emergent disease and belongs to a group of eosinfilic digestive illness. It is characterized by various unspecific symptoms. Histological study confirms the diagnostic even if there is not until now a clear definition about histological criteria. We present an infant of 2 months with eosinophilic gastroenteritis revealed by a severe digestive bleeding

Hemorragia digestiva recurrente por lesión de Dieulafoy tratada con éxito mediante esclerosis guiada por ecoendoscopia / Recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to Dieulafoy's lesion successfully treated with endoscopic ultrasound-guided sclerosis

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Tumor fibroso solitario de la unión gastroesofágica / Solitary fibrous tumor of the gastroesophageal junction

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Hematemesis secundaria a cuerpo extraño gástrico en un body packer / Gastric foreign body-induced hematemesis in a body packer

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