ABSTRACT
A utilização de células-tronco pluripotentes apresenta uma oportunidade promissora para o tratamento dedoenças degenerativas que, até o momento, não possuem cura. Contudo, a sua utilização encontra impassesrelacionados à ética e à biossegurança. Takahashi e Yamanaka (2006) elaboraram uma alternativa que permiteobter células-tronco pluripotentes a partir de células adultas por meio de indução com fatores de transcriçãoespecíficos (fatores Yamanaka). Tal feito é capaz de contornar os questionamentos relacionados à destruição deembriões e, também, torna possível a possibilidade de realizar transplantes autólogos, reduzindo os problemasrelacionados à biossegurança. A obtenção dessas células também é estudada na medicina veterinária, com o intuitode validar diversos modelos experimentais domésticos e de produção e, além disso, tem a intenção de ofereceralternativas para a conservação de um banco genético de espécies ameaçadas de extinção. Contudo, existem muitasdiferenças nos protocolos adotados e nos resultados obtidos entre as diferentes espécies, dificultando a eficácia dosestudos na área. Este trabalho apresenta uma revisão detalhada sobre o que foi efetivo ou não até o presentemomento na obtenção de células-tronco pluripotentes induzidas (iPSC) em canídeos, equinos, ruminantes e suínos.
The use of pluripotent stem cells is a promising opportunity for the treatment of degenerative diseases thathave no cure. The use of those is limited by ethics and biosafety arguments. Takahashi e Yamanaka (2006)developed an alternative that allows the obtainment of pluripotent stem cells from adult cells by induction withspecific transcription factors (Yamanaka factors). Such discovery created a way to avoid the questions aboutembryo destruction also, created the possibility of autologous transplantation decreasing problems related tobiosafety. The process for obtaining (iPSC) is also studied in Veterinary Medicine field in order to validate severalexperimental in domestic and production models. Above that, it is an alternative to create a genomic bank ofendangered species. Nervethless there are many differences on protocols and results obtained hindering theefficiency and effectiveness of the studies in this area. This work presents a detailed review about what was effectiveor not on the processes of obtaining iPSCs in canine, feline, equine, bovine and swine until this moment.
Subject(s)
Animals , Animals, Domestic/embryology , Animals, Domestic/genetics , Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/classification , Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/pathologyABSTRACT
A utilização de células-tronco pluripotentes apresenta uma oportunidade promissora para o tratamento dedoenças degenerativas que, até o momento, não possuem cura. Contudo, a sua utilização encontra impassesrelacionados à ética e à biossegurança. Takahashi e Yamanaka (2006) elaboraram uma alternativa que permiteobter células-tronco pluripotentes a partir de células adultas por meio de indução com fatores de transcriçãoespecíficos (fatores Yamanaka). Tal feito é capaz de contornar os questionamentos relacionados à destruição deembriões e, também, torna possível a possibilidade de realizar transplantes autólogos, reduzindo os problemasrelacionados à biossegurança. A obtenção dessas células também é estudada na medicina veterinária, com o intuitode validar diversos modelos experimentais domésticos e de produção e, além disso, tem a intenção de ofereceralternativas para a conservação de um banco genético de espécies ameaçadas de extinção. Contudo, existem muitasdiferenças nos protocolos adotados e nos resultados obtidos entre as diferentes espécies, dificultando a eficácia dosestudos na área. Este trabalho apresenta uma revisão detalhada sobre o que foi efetivo ou não até o presentemomento na obtenção de células-tronco pluripotentes induzidas (iPSC) em canídeos, equinos, ruminantes e suínos.(AU)
The use of pluripotent stem cells is a promising opportunity for the treatment of degenerative diseases thathave no cure. The use of those is limited by ethics and biosafety arguments. Takahashi e Yamanaka (2006)developed an alternative that allows the obtainment of pluripotent stem cells from adult cells by induction withspecific transcription factors (Yamanaka factors). Such discovery created a way to avoid the questions aboutembryo destruction also, created the possibility of autologous transplantation decreasing problems related tobiosafety. The process for obtaining (iPSC) is also studied in Veterinary Medicine field in order to validate severalexperimental in domestic and production models. Above that, it is an alternative to create a genomic bank ofendangered species. Nervethless there are many differences on protocols and results obtained hindering theefficiency and effectiveness of the studies in this area. This work presents a detailed review about what was effectiveor not on the processes of obtaining iPSCs in canine, feline, equine, bovine and swine until this moment.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Animals, Domestic/embryology , Animals, Domestic/genetics , Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/classification , Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/pathologyABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to isolate and grow cells from sound human deciduous teeth pulp with different levels of resorption and evaluate stem cell parameters. METHODS: Pulp tissue was removed from 30 different patients, aged from 6 to 12 years. From all the teeth, 21 were in advanced levels of resorption (group 1), and the remaining nine teeth did not show any visible resorption (group 2). Pulp tissue was removed and dissociated, and the suspension was seeded onto 12-well plates. The phenotype of the cells (n = 5) was analyzed on fifth and tenth passages by flow cytometry for clusters of differentiation (CD)29/PE, CD34/PE, CD44/FITC, CD45/FITC, CD90/FITC, CD117/PE, CD133/PE, CD146/FITC, CD184/PE, Stromal Cell Surface Marker 1 (STRO-1)/FITC and human leukocyte antigen major histocompatibility complex class II surface receptor (HLA-DR)/FITC, and by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT-4). On the same passages, cells were differentiated into adipocytes, osteoblasts, and chondrocytes. RESULTS: Cell isolation was successful in 25 samples, but only 17 of these reached 90% confluence. It was not possible to establish cell culture from group 2. Cells on both fifth and tenth passages were positive for CD29, CD44, and CD90 and also for the expression of OCT-4. Moderate labeling was observed for CD117 and CD133, whereas a low expression was detected for CD34, CD45, HLA-DR, CD184, CD146, and STRO-1. All cultures differentiated into three cell types. CONCLUSIONS: The isolated pulp cells can be considered stem cells. The facility for obtaining cells seems to be related to the root resorption process, so, therefore, the cells from group 1 were able to proliferate in vitro, whereas group 2 cells were not.