ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: One way to optimize the adoption and use of technological innovations is to understand how those involved perceive, assess and decide to use them. This study aims to analyze the attributes that influence the adoption and use of the Brazilian National Immunization Program Information System (NIPIS) from the perspective of vaccination room workers. METHODS: This is a mixed method research, and a quantitative cross-sectional analytical study, with concomitant triangulation of data, carried out in a region of Brazil by using the Diffusion of Innovation Theory. We used a questionnaire with 183 nursing professionals who work at vaccination rooms in 12 municipalities. To test the research model, partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and SmartPLS 2.3.0 have been applied to estimate the model. The qualitative research had a descriptive-exploratory character, using interviews (n = 18) analyzed through thematic analysis. RESULTS: The model proposed showed a mean correlation between the perceived attributes in the adoption and use of NIPIS. The results of the multiple regression indicated that the attributes "relative advantage" and "image" have a significant effect at 5% level (T > 1.97), positively influence the adoption and use of NIPIS; the attribute "voluntary use" negatively influences the adoption and use of the system; the attributes "experimentation", "compatibility", "profitability", and "ease of use" did not influence the adoption and use of NIPIS. Emphasis has been placed on aspects that weaken the adoption and use of NIPIS such as lack of good quality internet and resistance to use the technology by some professionals. Workers perceive the importance of NIPIS for the municipality and point out that technological innovation provides data at an individual level, inserted in real time, which makes it possible to assess vaccination coverage. Lack of an unstable internet compromises data release due to system slowness. CONCLUSIONS: The mixed method allowed an in-depth analysis of the adoption and use of NIPIS in the Western Health Macroregion of Minas Gerais State, and similarities were observed in the results. The attribute "relative advantage" is the one that most influences the adoption and use of NIPIS, which is the strongest predictor of innovation adoption rate.
Subject(s)
Health Personnel/psychology , Immunization Programs/organization & administration , Information Systems/organization & administration , National Health Programs/organization & administration , Adult , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Health Personnel/statistics & numerical data , Health Services Research , Humans , Inventions , Male , Middle Aged , Qualitative Research , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
En apenas unos meses, la pandemia de COVID-19 ha alterado profundamente todos los sectores de la sociedad: nuestra forma de vivir, de gobernarnos, de desplazarnos, de trabajar y de estudiar, así como la manera en que las naciones y nosotros mismos manejamos la salud. En resumen, ha alterado muchas estructuras sociales que creíamos firmemente establecidas. En el caso del sector de la salud pública, se han extraído muchas enseñanzas que permitirán mejorar la respuesta a las pandemias en el futuro, además de mejorar el sistema de salud desde la perspectiva de los sistemas de información para la salud y, finalmente, de la salud digital.
In just a few months, the COVID-19 pandemic has had a disruptive impact on all sectors of society: on how we live, how we govern ourselves, how we mobilize, how we work, how we educate ourselves, and how nations manage and how we manage our health ourselves. In short, it has targeted many social structures that we believed to be fixed. As for the public health sector, many lessons have emerged to improve the response to future pandemics but also to improve the health system from the perspective of information systems for health and finally of digital health.
Subject(s)
Humans , Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology , Information Systems/organization & administration , Telemedicine/organization & administration , Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology , Health Information Systems/organization & administration , Betacoronavirus , Quarantine , Pandemics , COVID-19ABSTRACT
O presente trabalho busca detalhar uma experiência pioneira de desenvolvimento de um sistema de informação em saúde voltado para subsidiar a gestão com base em evidências junto à atenção primária à saúde (APS). O processo de estruturação de programas e políticas públicas muitas vezes se dá sem acesso às melhores evidências científicas. Nesse contexto, o Sistema Integrado de Informações Mais Médicos (SIMM), aqui descrito, materializou um esforço para suprir a lacuna de informações para a gestão em saúde. Criado com objetivo de integrar os dados das principais fontes de informação relativas ao Projeto de Cooperação entre governo brasileiro e Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde/Organização Mundial da Saúde (OPAS/ OMS) para provimento de médicos no Programa Mais Médicos (PMM), o SIMM buscou otimizar a geração e a consolidação de informações que possam subsidiar decisões, além de apoiar o controle administrativo e financeiro. A experiência ilustra o desenvolvimento de uma solução auxiliar que pode ser ampliada para monitorar parâmetros de recursos humanos em saúde não apenas no PMM, mas na APS como um todo. A expertise desenvolvida criou condições para que o sistema pudesse ser configurado como um bem público, para além do suporte à gestão de um projeto em específico. O sistema pode ser adaptado e replicado em outros países das Américas para melhorar a disponibilidade e a qualidade das informações utilizadas por tomadores de decisão.(AU)
The present work provides details about a novel experience involving the development of a health information system focused on supporting evidence-based management at the primary health care (PHC) level. The process of structuring public health programs and policies is often developed without access to the best available scientific evidence. In this context, the proposed system (Sistema Integrado de Informações Mais Médicos, SIMM) materializes the effort to bridge the information gap for health management. Created with the aim of integrating data from the main information sources associated with the Cooperation Project between the Brazilian federal government and the Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization (PAHO/ WHO) for provision of physicians for the More Doctors Program, SIMM strove to optimize the generation and consolidation of information to support decision-making, in addition to providing support for administrative and financial control. The experience illustrates the development of an ancillary solution that can be expanded to monitor human resources for health parameters across the entire PHC setting, far beyond the More Doctors Program. The resulting expertise created conditions for the system to be configured as a public asset, rather than being restricted to providing managerial support for a specific project. SIMM may be adapted and replicated in other American countries to improve the availability and quality of the information used by decision makers.(AU)
En el presente trabajo se detalla una experiencia pionera de desarrollo de un sistema de información de salud centrado en apoyar la gestión basada en la evidencia en el nivel de la atención primaria de salud. Muchas veces, el proceso de estructuración de los programas y políticas públicas se realiza sin acceso a las mejor evidencia científica. En ese contexto, el sistema integrado de información de Mais Médicos (SIMM) que se describe aquí materializó un esfuerzo para suplir la carencia de información para la gestión en materia de salud. El SIMM, creado con el objetivo de integrar los datos de las principales fuentes de información relativas al proyecto de cooperación entre el Gobierno del Brasil y la Organización Panamericana de la Salud/Organización Mundial de la Salud (OPS/OMS) para la provisión de médicos destinados al programa Más Médicos, se utilizó para optimizar la generación y consolidación de información a fin de sustentar las decisiones, además de servir de apoyo para el control administrativo y financiero. La experiencia ilustra el desarrollo de una solución complementaria que puede ampliarse para observar los parámetros de recursos humanos en salud no solo en el programa Más Médicos, sino en todo el ámbito de la atención primaria de salud. La pericia adquirida creó condiciones propicias para poder configurar el sistema como un bien público, con miras a ampliar su alcance más allá del apoyo a la gestión de un proyecto específico. Es posible adaptar y reproducir el sistema en otros países de la Región de las Américas para mejorar la disponibilidad y la calidad de la información utilizada por los responsables de tomar decisiones.(AU)
Subject(s)
Primary Health Care/organization & administration , Information Systems/organization & administration , Management Information Systems , Information Dissemination , Evidence-Informed Policy , National Health Programs/organization & administration , BrazilABSTRACT
Objetivo: Avaliar a influência das ações de alimentação dos Sistemas de Informação utilizados na Atenção Primária a Saúde (APS) sobre os cuidados de enfermagem ao indivíduo ou comunidade. Método: Pesquisa quantitativa, com enfermeiros da Atenção Primária. Utilizaram-se os testes ANOVA one-way, Kruskal-Wallis e correlação de Spearman com significância de 5% e confiança de 95%. Resultados: A maioria dos enfermeiros era mulher (94,5%), 34,4 anos de idade, 8,8 anos de formação, sendo 7,6 anos atuando na atenção primária, especialista e concursada. Observou-se associação negativa (p-valor = 0,008) entre tempo destinado às atividades de alimentação dos sistemas e o tempo de atenção aos pacientes. Conclusão: O estudo aponta a influência das ações gerenciais voltadas aos sistemas de informação sobre a atenção prestada aos indivíduos/comunidade
Objective: To evaluate the influence of the feeding actions of the Information Systems used in Primary Health Care (PHC) on nursing care to the individual or community. Methods: Quantitative research with primary care nurses. One-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman correlation with significance of 5% and 95% confidence were used. Results: The majority of the nurses were women (94.5%), 34.4 years old, 8.8 years of training, and 7.6 years working in primary care, specialist and bankrupt. A negative association (p-value = 0.008) was observed between time spent feeding the systems and patient care time. Conclusion: The study points out the influence of the managerial actions directed to the information systems on the attention given to the individuals / community
Objetivo: Evaluar la influencia de las acciones de alimentación de los Sistemas de Información utilizados en la Atención Primaria a la Salud (APS) sobre los cuidados de enfermería al individuo o comunidad. Método: Investigación cuantitativa, con enfermeros de la Atención Primaria. Se utilizaron las pruebas ANOVA de una forma, Kruskal-Wallis y correlación de Spearman con significancia del 5% y confianza del 95%. Los resultados: La mayoría de los enfermeros eran mujeres (94,5%), 34,4 años de edad, 8,8 años de formación, siendo 7,6 años actuando en la atención primaria, especialista y concursada. Se observó asociación negativa (p-valor = 0,008) entre tiempo destinado a las actividades de alimentación de los sistemas y el tiempo de atención a los pacientes. Conclusión: El estudio apunta la influencia de las acciones gerenciales dirigidas a los sistemas de información sobre la atención prestada a los individuos / comunidad
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Primary Health Care , Information Systems/organization & administration , Health Information Exchange , Nursing Care , Unified Health SystemABSTRACT
RESUMEN La Auditoría Informacional consiste en evaluar y examinar, periódicamente, los recursos informativos que poseen las entidades para identificar la información, sus flujos y elementos como parte de los procesos organizacionales, para comprender la entidad y sus capacidades. Además, permite determinar cuáles son las fuentes informativas que poseen, cuáles son las que realmente se necesitan, cuáles las que no se tienen y las que generan costos inútiles, es decir, valora la efectividad y la eficacia del sistema informacional. Por lo anterior, la presente investigación tiene como objetivo: realizar una revisión de lo publicado sobre Auditoría de Información en EBSCO, SciELO, RedAlyc, Google, Google Académico y el Google Trends. A partir del análisis de la literatura se obtuvo la tendencia sobre el tema a partir de los países y años más productivos e idiomas más frecuentes. Se observó que aún se desarrollan varios estudios de casos sobre la temática y que las metodologías de los autores Bryson (1997), Artiles (2015) y González, Pintoy Ponjuán (2017), son las más citadas.
ABSTRACT The Informational Audit consists of periodically evaluating and examining the information resources that the entities possess to identify the information, its flows and elements that are part of the organizational processes, and thus the entity and its capacities are better understood. In addition, it allows to determine which are the informative sources that are possessed, which are the ones that are really needed, which are the ones that are not available and those that generate useless costs, that is, value the effectiveness and efficiency of the informational system. The present investigation has like objective: to realize a revision of the published thing on Information Audit in EBSCO, SciELO, RedAlyc, Google, Google Scholar and the Google Trends. From the analysis of the literature, the trend was obtained on the subject from the most productive countries and years and most frequent languages. It was observed that several case studies are still being developed on the subject and that the methodologies of the authors Bryson (1997), Artiles (2015) and González, et al (2017), are the most cited.
Subject(s)
Information Systems/organization & administration , Resource Guide , Libraries , Management Audit , Cuba , Knowledge ManagementABSTRACT
Objetivo: avaliar a implantação do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM) em Pernambuco, Brasil. Métodos: pesquisa avaliativa; utilizaram-se dados primários (questionários) e secundários (SIM) referentes aos municípios para estimar o grau de implantação (GI), confrontando indicadores de estrutura e processo aos de resultado; consolidaram-se os dados por região e estado. Resultados: o SIM estava parcialmente implantado no estado (70,6%) e regiões (66,3 a 74,8%); 'gestão' (75,1%), 'emissão e preenchimento' (79,1%) e 'processamento' (71,7%), parcialmente implantados; 'coleta' (80,7%), implantada; 'distribuição e controle' (49,7%) e 'análise e divulgação' (58,0%), com implantação incipiente; encontraram-se valores superiores a 90% para cobertura, óbitos com causa básica definida, municípios com transferência de dados mensal e declarações de óbito digitadas e enviadas oportunamente; verificou-se coerência entre GI e indicadores de resultado, estes melhores quanto maior o GI. Conclusão: o SIM mostrou-se parcialmente implantado, por inadequações na distribuição, controle, análise e divulgação, influenciando desfavoravelmente os efeitos observados.
Objetivo: evaluar la implantación del Sistema de Informaciones sobre Mortalidad (SIM) en Pernambuco, Brasil. Métodos: investigación evaluativa de implantación; se utilizaron datos primarios (cuestionarios) y secundarios (SIM) de los municipios para estimar el grado de implantación (GI), comparando indicadores de estructura y proceso a los de resultado; los datos fueron consolidados por región y estado. Resultados: el SIM se encontraba parcialmente implantado en el estado (70,6%) y regiones (66,3% a 74,8%); 'gestión' (75,1%), 'emisión y llenado' (79,1%) y 'procesamiento' (71,7%), parcialmente implantados; 'colecta' (80,7%), implantada; 'distribución y control' (49,7%) y 'análisis y divulgación' (58,0%), con implantación incipiente; se observó más del 90% de cobertura para óbitos con causa básica definida, municipios con transferencia de datos mensuales y declaraciones de defunción digitadas y enviadas oportunamente; se verificó coherencia entre GI e indicadores de resultado, siendo estos mejores cuanto mayor es el GI. Conclusión: el SIM se mostró parcialmente implantado, en razón de inadecuaciones en la distribución, control, análisis y divulgación, influenciando desfavorablemente los efectos observados.
Objective: to evaluate the implantation of the Mortality Information System (SIM) in Pernambuco, Brazil. Methods: this was an evaluation study; primary data (questionnaires) and secondary data (SIM) were used for the municipalities to estimate the degree of implantation (DI), comparing structure and process indicators with outcome indicators; data were consolidated by region and state. Results: SIM was partially implanted in the state (70.6%) and its regions (66.3% to 74.8%); 'management' (75.1%), 'issuing and filling in' (79.1%), and 'processing' (71.7%) were partially implanted; 'collection' (80.7%) was implanted; while 'distribution and control' (49.7%) and 'analysis and dissemination' (58.0%) had incipient implantation; more than 90% coverage was found for deaths with defined underlying causes, as well as for municipalities with monthly data transfer, and death certificates typed and sent on a timely basis; consistency was found between DI and outcome indicators, which improved as DI increased. Conclusion: SIM was found to be only partially implanted owing to inadequacies in distribution, control, analysis and dissemination, thus influencing unfavorably the effects observed.
Subject(s)
Humans , Information Systems/statistics & numerical data , Death Certificates , Mortality/trends , Brazil , Information Systems/organization & administration , Registries/statistics & numerical data , Vital StatisticsABSTRACT
Objetivo: aprofundar a compreensão sobre o processo de produção e disseminação de informação no âmbito organizacional, recorrendo à análise de uma organização intensiva em conhecimento. Métodos: a organização escolhida foi um Centro de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento na área de Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação. Tal organização é referência em seu segmento, por possuir um dos maiores programas de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento da América Latina em sua área de atuação, sendo seus processos de produção e disseminação de informação passíveis de serem aplicados em outras organizações intensivas em conhecimento, como instituições de pesquisa no campo das ciências da saúde. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa de campo, empregando a técnica de entrevistas. Foram entrevistados três profissionais de unidades organizacionais cujas atividades-fim relacionavam-se diretamente com a produção e a disseminação de informação organizacional. Resultados: apenas uma das unidades organizacionais possuía as atividades de produção e disseminação de informação descritas como um processo formal da organização. Conclusão: os resultados apontaram que as maiores dificuldades das unidades organizacionais foram a definição do público-alvo e, principalmente, a avaliação do uso da informação. Também indicaram a adoção de boas práticas na organização, como definição clara das necessidades informacionais e adequação do uso das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação no processo de produção e disseminação de informação(AU)
Objetivo: profundizar en la comprensión sobre el proceso de producción y diseminación de información en el ámbito organizacional, mediante el análisis de una organización intensiva en conocimiento. Métodos: la organización elegida fue un Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en el área de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación. Tal organización es referencia en su segmento, por poseer uno de los mayores programas de Investigación y Desarrollo de América Latina en su área de actuación. Sus procesos de producción y diseminación de información pueden ser aplicados en otras organizaciones intensivas en conocimiento, como instituciones de investigación en el campo de las ciencias de la salud. Se realizó una investigación cualitativa de campo, empleando la técnica de entrevistas. Se entrevistaron a tres profesionales de unidades organizativas cuyas actividades se relacionaban directamente con la producción y la diseminación de información organizacional. Resultados: solo una de las unidades organizativas poseía las actividades de producción y diseminación de información descritas como un proceso formal de la organización. Conclusión: los resultados apuntaron que las mayores dificultades de las unidades organizacionales fueron la definición del público objetivo y, principalmente, la evaluación del uso de la información. También indicaron la adopción de buenas prácticas en la organización, como definición clara de las necesidades informacionales y adecuación del uso de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en el proceso de producción y diseminación de información(AU)
Objective: the purpose of the study was to broaden understanding of the process of production and dissemination of information in the organizational environment by means of the analysis of a knowledge intensive organization. Methods: the organization chosen was a Research and Development Center from the field of information and communication technologies. This center is a reference organization in its sector, for it has one of the largest research and development programs for this field in Latin America. Its processes for production and dissemination of information may be applied in other knowledge intensive organizations, as may be the case of health sciences research institutions. To achieve this aim, a qualitative field study was conducted which was based on interviews. The interviewees were three professionals from organizational units whose work was directly related to production and dissemination of organizational information. Results: in only one of the organizational units activities related to the production and dissemination of information were described as a formal process of the organization. Conclusion: the results pointed out that the main difficulties in organizational units have to do with the definition of the target audience, and mainly the evaluation of the use of information. They also point to the adoption of best practices in the organization, such as a clear definition of the information needs, and the adequacy of the use of information and communication technologies in the process of production and dissemination of information(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Information Management/trends , Information Dissemination/methods , Information Technology/trends , Knowledge Management/standards , Information Systems/organization & administrationABSTRACT
Objetivo: aprofundar a compreensão sobre o processo de produção e disseminação de informação no âmbito organizacional, recorrendo à análise de uma organização intensiva em conhecimento. Métodos: a organização escolhida foi um Centro de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento na área de Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação. Tal organização é referência em seu segmento, por possuir um dos maiores programas de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento da América Latina em sua área de atuação, sendo seus processos de produção e disseminação de informação passíveis de serem aplicados em outras organizações intensivas em conhecimento, como instituições de pesquisa no campo das ciências da saúde. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa de campo, empregando a técnica de entrevistas. Foram entrevistados três profissionais de unidades organizacionais cujas atividades-fim relacionavam-se diretamente com a produção e a disseminação de informação organizacional. Resultados: apenas uma das unidades organizacionais possuía as atividades de produção e disseminação de informação descritas como um processo formal da organização. Conclusão: os resultados apontaram que as maiores dificuldades das unidades organizacionais foram a definição do público-alvo e, principalmente, a avaliação do uso da informação. Também indicaram a adoção de boas práticas na organização, como definição clara das necessidades informacionais e adequação do uso das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação no processo de produção e disseminação de informação(AU)
Objetivo: profundizar en la comprensión sobre el proceso de producción y diseminación de información en el ámbito organizacional, mediante el análisis de una organización intensiva en conocimiento. Métodos: la organización elegida fue un Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en el área de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación. Tal organización es referencia en su segmento, por poseer uno de los mayores programas de Investigación y Desarrollo de América Latina en su área de actuación. Sus procesos de producción y diseminación de información pueden ser aplicados en otras organizaciones intensivas en conocimiento, como instituciones de investigación en el campo de las ciencias de la salud. Se realizó una investigación cualitativa de campo, empleando la técnica de entrevistas. Se entrevistaron a tres profesionales de unidades organizativas cuyas actividades se relacionaban directamente con la producción y la diseminación de información organizacional. Resultados: solo una de las unidades organizativas poseía las actividades de producción y diseminación de información descritas como un proceso formal de la organización. Conclusión: los resultados apuntaron que las mayores dificultades de las unidades organizacionales fueron la definición del público objetivo y, principalmente, la evaluación del uso de la información. También indicaron la adopción de buenas prácticas en la organización, como definición clara de las necesidades informacionales y adecuación del uso de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en el proceso de producción y diseminación de información(AU)
Objective: the purpose of the study was to broaden understanding of the process of production and dissemination of information in the organizational environment by means of the analysis of a knowledge intensive organization. Methods: the organization chosen was a Research and Development Center from the field of information and communication technologies. This center is a reference organization in its sector, for it has one of the largest research and development programs for this field in Latin America. Its processes for production and dissemination of information may be applied in other knowledge intensive organizations, as may be the case of health sciences research institutions. To achieve this aim, a qualitative field study was conducted which was based on interviews. The interviewees were three professionals from organizational units whose work was directly related to production and dissemination of organizational information. Results: in only one of the organizational units activities related to the production and dissemination of information were described as a formal process of the organization. Conclusion: the results pointed out that the main difficulties in organizational units have to do with the definition of the target audience, and mainly the evaluation of the use of information. They also point to the adoption of best practices in the organization, such as a clear definition of the information needs, and the adequacy of the use of information and communication technologies in the process of production and dissemination of information(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Information Management/trends , Information Dissemination/methods , Information Technology/trends , Knowledge Management/standards , Information Systems/organization & administrationABSTRACT
Many resource-limited countries are scaling up health services and health-information systems (HISs). The HIV Cascade framework aims to link treatment services and programs to improve outcomes and impact. It has been adapted to HIV prevention services, other infectious and non-communicable diseases, and programs for specific populations. Where successful, it links the use of health services by individuals across different disease categories, time and space. This allows for the development of longitudinal health records for individuals and de-identified individual level information is used to monitor and evaluate the use, cost, outcome and impact of health services. Contemporary digital technology enables countries to develop and implement integrated HIS to support person centred services, a major aim of the Sustainable Development Goals. The key to link the diverse sources of information together is a national health identifier (NHID). In a country with robust civil protections, this should be given at birth, be unique to the individual, linked to vital registration services and recorded every time that an individual uses health services anywhere in the country: it is more than just a number as it is part of a wider system. Many countries would benefit from practical guidance on developing and implementing NHIDs. Organizations such as ASTM and ISO, describe the technical requirements for the NHID system, but few countries have received little practical guidance. A WHO/UNAIDS stake-holders workshop was held in Geneva, Switzerland in July 2016, to provide a 'road map' for countries and included policy-makers, information and healthcare professionals, and members of civil society. As part of any NHID system, countries need to strengthen and secure the protection of personal health information. While often the technology is available, the solution is not just technical. It requires political will and collaboration among all stakeholders to be successful.
Subject(s)
Developing Countries , Global Health , Information Systems/organization & administration , Costs and Cost Analysis , HIV Infections/drug therapy , HIV Infections/epidemiology , HumansABSTRACT
ABSTRACT The British Virgin Islands (BVI) Ministry of Health and Social Development (MOHSD) recently identified the need for an updated strategy to advance the country's vision for Information Systems for Health (IS4H) ("Informed decision-making for better health outcomes"). Since the early 1990s, the MOHSD has recognized the importance of having strong conceptual foundations and mechanisms for its information systems, and the need to strengthen the production and use of good-quality health data to enable fulfillment of the territory's health goals. Therefore, in May 2017, BVI requested technical assistance from the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) to develop a plan/"road map" for strengthening the MOHSD's stewardship capacity for IS4H. This resulted in a bilateral, country-led collaboration between PAHO and the Ministry to carry out two assessments of BVI's National Information Systems for Health (NISH): 1) a rapid assessment to map NISH policy, to develop a short- and medium-term workplan for strengthening and updating it, and 2) a maturity assessment, using PAHO's IS4H Maturity Model tool, to evaluate the implementation of NISH policy thus far and determine next steps. This article describes 1) the steps taken in this bilateral collaboration to update BVI's NISH policy and fine-tune its IS4H vision, including the development of a national plan/road map, and 2) lessons learned.
RESUMEN El Ministerio de Salud y Desarrollo Social de las Islas Vírgenes Británicas identificó recientemente la necesidad de tener una estrategia actualizada para avanzar la visión del país en el ámbito de los sistemas de información para la salud (IS4H) ("Toma de decisiones informadas para obtener mejores resultados de salud"). Desde principios de la década de 1990, el Ministerio ha reconocido la importancia de tener sólidos fundamentos conceptuales y mecanismos para sus sistemas de información, así como la necesidad de fortalecer la producción y el uso de datos de salud de buena calidad para permitir el cumplimiento de los objetivos de salud del territorio. En este contexto, en mayo de 2017 las Islas Vírgenes Británicas solicitaron la asistencia técnica de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS) para desarrollar un plan u "hoja de ruta" para fortalecer su capacidad de administración en el ámbito de los IS4H. Esto resultó en una colaboración bilateral, dirigida por el país, entre la OPS y el Ministerio para llevar a cabo dos evaluaciones de los Sistemas Nacionales de Información para la Salud: 1) una evaluación rápida para mapear la política de estos sistemas, y desarrollar un plan de trabajo a corto y mediano plazo para fortalecerlos y actualizarlos y 2) una evaluación de madurez, utilizando la herramienta Modelo de Madurez de IS4H de la OPS, para evaluar la implementación de la política de Sistemas Nacionales de Información para la Salud hasta el momento y determinar los próximos pasos. Este artículo describe 1) los pasos dados en esta colaboración bilateral para actualizar la política de Sistemas Nacionales de Información para la Salud de las Islas Vírgenes Británicas y ajustar su visión del IS4H, incluido el desarrollo de un plan nacional u hoja de ruta, y 2) las lecciones aprendidas durante este proceso.
RESUMO O Ministério da Saúde e Desenvolvimento Social das Ilhas Virgens Britânicas identificou recentemente a necessidade de uma estratégia atualizada para avançar a visão do país para os Sistemas de Informação para a Saúde (IS4H) ("Tomada de decisão informada para melhores resultados de saúde"). Desde o início dos anos 1990, o Ministerio reconheceu a importância de ter fortes fundamentos conceituais e mecanismos para seus sistemas de informação, e a necessidade de fortalecer a produção e o uso de dados de boa qualidade em saúde para permitir o cumprimento das metas de saúde do território. Portanto, em maio de 2017, as Ilhas Virgens Britânicas solicitaram assistência técnica da Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde (OPAS) para desenvolver um plano/roteiro para o fortalecimento da capacidade de administração do Ministerio para a IS4H. Isso resultou em uma colaboração bilateral entre a OPAS e o Ministério, liderada pelo país, para conduzir duas avaliações dos Sistemas Nacionais de Informação para a Saúde das Ilhas Virgens Britânicas: 1) uma avaliação rápida para mapear a política do Sistemas Nacionais de Informação para a Saúde, e desenvolver uma estratégia de curto e médio prazo e um plano de trabalho para fortalecê-los e atualizá-los; e 2) uma avaliação de maturidade, utilizando a ferramenta Modelo de Maturidade IS4H da OPAS, para avaliar a implementação da política do Sistemas Nacionais de Informação para a Saúde até o momento e determinar os próximos passos. Este artigo descreve 1) os passos dados nessa colaboração bilateral para atualizar a política de Sistemas Nacionais de Informação para a Saúde das Ilhas Virgens Britânicas e ajustar sua visão de IS4H, incluindo o desenvolvimento de um plano nacional/roteiro, e 2) as lições aprendidas neste processo.
Subject(s)
Humans , Information Systems/organization & administration , Public Health Systems Research , British Virgin IslandsABSTRACT
RESUMO Objetivo Descrever as características das notificações de eventos adversos pós-vacinação (EAPV) no Sistema de Informação da Vigilância de EAPV (SI-EAPV) on-line nos primeiros 2 anos de operação do sistema. Método Foi realizado um estudo descritivo dos registros de EAPV notificados no SI-EAPV entre julho de 2014 e junho de 2016. Resultados Durante o período do estudo, foram registradas 24 732 notificações. De 5 570 municípios brasileiros, 2 571 (46,2%) realizaram notificação de algum EAPV. Entretanto, somente 1 622 (6,6%) notificações estavam encerradas no momento do estudo; dessas, 89,9% não apresentaram gravidade. Entre as notificações encerradas, 19,7% não tiveram o preenchimento da variável "atendimento médico" e 98,7% não apresentaram registro de exames laboratoriais. As manifestações clínicas sistêmicas neurológicas foram as mais frequentes entre os eventos adversos graves encerrados, correspondendo a 59,5% dos sinais e sintomas. Em relação à idade, os maiores coeficientes de notificação foram registrados entre os menores de 4 anos. Conclusão O SI-EAPV mostra-se útil no monitoramento da segurança das vacinas. Contudo, os municípios precisam ampliar a adesão ao sistema, bem como realizar as investigações e notificações dos EAPV, preenchendo a ficha de notificação de forma adequada e oportuna. O conhecimento sobre EAPV pode ser aplicado na prática dos serviços de vigilância em saúde, melhorando a segurança de utilização dos imunobiológicos.
ABSTRACT Objective To describe the characteristics of vaccine adverse events (VAE) reports in the online VAE Reporting System (VAE-RS) after 2 years of operation. Method A descriptive analysis of VAE reports entered into the VAE-RS between July 2014 and June 2016 was performed. Results During the study period, 24 732 VAE were reported. Of 5 570 Brazilian municipalities, 2 571 (46.2%) reported at least one VAE; however, only 1 622 (6.6%) reports had been completed/closed at the end of the study period. Of these, 89.9% referred to mild VAE. Among the completed reports, 19.7% did not provide information on "type of medical care provided," and 98.7% had no information regarding laboratory tests. Systemic neurological symptoms were the most frequent serious VAE among closed reports (59.5% of serious signs/symptoms). Concerning age, the highest VAE reporting coefficients were recorded for children aged ≤ 4 years. Conclusion The VAE-RS is useful to monitor immunization safety. However, municipal services must increase adherence to the system and perform the required investigation and reporting of VAE, with timely and adequate completion of the VAE-RS form. Knowledge regarding VAE can be used in the daily routine of surveillance services, improving the safety of immunobiological agents.
RESUMEN Objetivo Describir las características de las notificaciones de eventos adversos posvacunación (EAPV) en el Sistema de Información de Vigilancia de EAPV (SI-EAPV, un sistema en línea, durante los primeros 2 años de ejecución del sistema. Método Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de los registros de EAPV notificados en el SI-EAPV entre julio de 2014 y junio de 2016. Resultados Durante el período del estudio, se registraron 24 732 notificaciones. De 5 570 municipios brasileños, 2 571 (46,2%) notificaron algún EAPV. Sin embargo, solamente 1 622 (6,6%) notificaciones estaban cerradas al momento del estudio; de ellas, el 89,9% no presentó gravedad. Respecto a las notificaciones cerradas, en el 19,7% no fue anotada la variable "atención médica" y el 98,7% no presentó registro de exámenes de laboratorio. Entre los eventos adversos graves cerrados, las manifestaciones clínicas sistémicas neurológicas fueron las más frecuentes, representado el 59,5% de los signos y síntomas. En cuanto a la edad, los mayores coeficientes de notificación se registraron entre los menores de 4 años. Conclusión El SI-EAPV es útil para el monitoreo de la seguridad de las vacunas. Sin embargo, los municipios necesitan ampliar la adhesión al sistema, así como realizar las investigaciones y notificaciones de los EAPV, llenando la ficha de notificación de forma adecuada y oportuna. El conocimiento sobre EAPV puede ser aplicado en la práctica de los servicios de vigilancia en salud, mejorando la seguridad en la utilización de los productos inmunobiológicos.
Subject(s)
Humans , Information Systems/organization & administration , Public Health , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Vaccination , BrazilABSTRACT
This paper presents CloudMedic, an e-Health Cloud solution that manages health care services in remote regions of Bahia-Brazil. For that, six main modules: Clinic, Hospital, Supply, Administrative, Billing and Health Business Intelligence, were developed to control the health flow among health actors at health institutions. They provided database model and procedures for health business rules, a standard gateway for data maintenance between web views and database layer, and a multi-front-end framework based on web views and web commands configurations. These resources were used by 2042 health actors in 261 health posts covering health demands from 118 municipalities at Bahia state. They also managed approximately 2.4 million health service 'orders and approximately 13.5 million health exams for more than 1.3 million registered patients. As a result, a collection of health functionalities available in a cloud infrastructure was successfully developed, deployed and validated in more than 28% of Bahia municipalities. A viable e-Health Cloud solution that, despite municipality limitations in remote regions, decentralized and improved the access to health care services at Bahia state.
Subject(s)
Cloud Computing , Health Services Administration , Information Systems/organization & administration , Brazil , Humans , Management Information SystemsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: to describe characteristics of the Mortality Information System (SIM) in municipalities of São Paulo State, in 2015. METHODS: descriptive study with data collected through an electronic questionnaire, with questions on the profile of technical managers, human resources and IT structure. RESULTS: 584/645 municipalities (90.5%) participated; technical managers were mainly women (81.5%), nurses (64.9%), career civil servants (66.1%) and had more than 3 years of work experience with SIM (68.2%); in small-sized municipalities (≤30,000 inhabitants), managers were younger (average age of 37.7 years), were also responsible for other systems (92.4%) and used computers with older operating systems (69.5%); in large-sized municipalities (>200,000 inhabitants), managers were older (average age of 47.1 years) and had higher education level (86.5% with higher education degree), they had fast-access internet (83.8%) and in-house technical support (81.1%). CONCLUSION: the technical managers' profile and availability of technological resources used at SIM were different according to population size of the municipalities.
Subject(s)
Information Systems/organization & administration , Mortality , Surveys and Questionnaires , Adult , Brazil , Cities , Female , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: In the Americas, leishmaniasis is endemic in 18 countries, and from 2001 through 2015, 17 countries reported 843,931 cases of cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, and 12 countries reported 52,176 cases of visceral leishmaniasis. A Regional Information System (SisLeish) was created in order to provide knowledge of the distribution and tendency of this disease to analyze and monitor the leishmaniasis status. This article analyses the performance and progress of SisLeish from 2012-2015. METHODOLOGY: The performance of SisLeish was evaluated by country adhesion, data completeness and delay in entering the data, and also by the SWOT technique. Furthermore, we outlined the structure and modus operandi of the system and indicators utilized. RESULTS: In 2012, only 18% of the countries entered the data in SisLeish before the deadline, where 66.7% and 50% of the countries with autochthonous CL/ML and VL reported their cases to the system, respectively. Whereas in 2015, 59% of the countries reached the deadline, where 94.4% and 58.3% of the countries reported their CL/ML and VL data, respectively. Regarding data completeness, there was great progress for different variables since its launch, such as gender, which had an approximately 100% improvement from 2012 to 2015. The SWOT analysis of SisLeish showed 12 strengths, 11 opportunities, seven weaknesses and six threats. CONCLUSIONS: From 2012-2015 there has been an improvement in the adhesion, quality and data completeness, showing the effort of the majority of the countries to enhance their national database. The SWOT analysis demonstrated that strengths and opportunities exceed weaknesses and threats; however, it highlighted the system frailties and challenges that need to be addressed. Furthermore, it has stimulated several National Programs to advance their surveillance system. Therefore, SisLeish has become an essential tool to prioritize areas, assist in decision-making processes, and to guide surveillance and control actions.
Subject(s)
Epidemiological Monitoring , Health Services Research , Information Systems/organization & administration , Information Systems/standards , Leishmaniasis/epidemiology , Americas/epidemiology , Humans , International CooperationABSTRACT
ABSTRACT The Ministry of Health and Environment (MoHE) of the Commonwealth of Dominica identified the need for a knowledge management strategy to advance the country's national health agenda. The Pan American Health Organization and the MoHE conducted a rapid situation analysis of knowledge management in July 2015. The findings, analysis, and recommendations were developed jointly with a core team of the MoHE within the context of the strategic plan for health, "Investing in Health - Building a Safer Future." The situation analysis described the overall status of the understanding and implementation of information and knowledge management activities, projects, products, and practices. The analysis also aimed to identify what critical knowledge is needed to support overall organizational goals and individual and team activities. The MoHE expects patient outcomes and quality of care to improve as a result of having a knowledge management strategy that boosts the Ministry's efficiency and productivity.(AU)
RESUMEN El Ministerio de Salud y Medioambiente del Commonwealth de Dominica determinó la necesidad de definir una estrategia de gestión del conocimiento para impulsar el programa nacional de salud del país. En julio del 2015, la Organización Panamericana de la Salud y el Ministerio de Salud y Medioambiente llevaron adelante un análisis rápido de la situación de la gestión del conocimiento. Los resultados, el análisis y las recomendaciones fueron elaborados conjuntamente con un equipo básico del Ministerio dentro del contexto del plan estratégico de salud Investing in Health: Building a Safer Future [invertir en la salud para forjar un porvenir más seguro]. En el análisis de la situación se describe el estado general del conocimiento y el desarrollo de actividades, la ejecución de proyectos, la elaboración de productos y la aplicación de prácticas de gestión de la información y el conocimiento. Dicho análisis además tuvo como objetivo definir el conocimiento fundamental que se necesita para apoyar la consecución de todas las metas institucionales y la realización de las actividades tanto individuales como grupales. El Ministerio de Salud y Medioambiente espera que mejoren los resultados de los pacientes y la calidad de la atención al contar una estrategia de gestión del conocimiento que le permita impulsar su eficiencia y productividad.(AU)
Subject(s)
Information Systems/organization & administration , Health Policy , Knowledge Management , National Health Programs/organization & administration , DominicaABSTRACT
According to facts given by the World Health Organization, one in ten deaths worldwide is due to an external cause of injury. In the field of pre-hospital trauma care, adequate and timely treatment in the golden period can impact the survival of a patient. The aim of this paper is to show the design of a complete ecosystem proposed to support the evaluation and treatment of trauma victims, using standard tools and vocabulary such as OpenEHR, as well as mobile systems and expert systems to support decision-making. Preliminary results of the developed applications are presented, as well as trauma-related data from the city of Cuenca, Ecuador.
Subject(s)
Decision Support Systems, Clinical/organization & administration , Electronic Health Records/organization & administration , Emergency Medical Services/methods , Emergency Medical Services/organization & administration , Mobile Applications , Wounds and Injuries/therapy , Ecuador , Expert Systems , Information Systems/organization & administration , Machine Learning , Vocabulary, Controlled , Wounds and Injuries/diagnosisABSTRACT
The access to medical information (journals, blogs, web-pages, dictionaries, and texts) has been increased due to availability of many digital media. In particular, finding an appropriate structure that represents the information contained in texts is not a trivial task. One of the structures for modeling the knowledge are ontologies. An ontology refers to a conceptualization of a specific domain of knowledge. Ontologies are especially useful because they support the exchange and sharing of information as well as reasoning tasks. The usage of ontologies in medicine is mainly focussed in the representation and organization of medical terminologies. Ontology learning techniques have emerged as a set of techniques to get ontologies from unstructured information. This paper describes a new ontology learning approach that consists of a method for the acquisition of concepts and its corresponding taxonomic relations, where also axioms disjointWith and equivalentClass are learned from text without human intervention. The source of knowledge involves files about medical domain. Our approach is divided into two stages, the first part corresponds to discover hierarchical relations and the second part to the axiom extraction. Our automatic ontology learning approach shows better results compared against previous work, giving rise to more expressive ontologies.
Subject(s)
Information Storage and Retrieval/methods , Information Systems/organization & administration , Knowledge Bases , Machine Learning , Algorithms , Humans , Internet , Vocabulary, ControlledABSTRACT
Recent studies demonstrate the potential of Mobile Health (mHealth) to improve quality of care and efficiency in low- and middle- income countries (LMIC). However, strong evidence of their impact, especially in large scale projects is still missing. The objective of this paper is to provide an overview about the current status of mHealth in LMIC, and to identify Requirements and possible Strategies to strength their health systems. A search in Pubmed was performed, which resulted in 427 articles. Restricting the search to review papers published during the last 5 years, 72 publications were identified and characterized, and the more relevant articles analyzing mHealth use, impact and/or adoption in LMIC from a more generic perspective were analyzed in detail. Finally, based on the literature, and complemented with the authors own reflections and experience, mHealth challenges and strategies were identified and presented according to the WHO Health Systems Framework which identifies six main lines of action to improve the performance of health systems: service delivery, health workforce, health information systems, essential medical products and technologies, health financing and governance.