ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Auricular keloids belong to the most perplexing medical conditions, which have significant psychosocial impact on the patient's body image and quality of life. SUMMARY: The article is purposed to provide dermatologists and plastic surgeons with the best proven practice using intralesional cryosurgery for the treatment of the different auricular keloid types in order to obtain superior clinical results by minimizing the probability of recurrence. In the past 20 years, the authors have developed novel procedures in order to increase the effectiveness of intralesional cryosurgery on auricular keloids, including hydrodissection, warm gauze technique, and excision of dangling skin. Long-lasting clinical results with a low recurrence rate and a satisfactory aesthetic outcome are achieved with no deformation of the ear framework.
Subject(s)
Cryosurgery/standards , Ear Auricle/surgery , Injections, Intralesional/standards , Keloid/surgery , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Cryosurgery/methods , Humans , Injections, Intralesional/methods , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA) is a powerful neurotoxin that inhibits acetylcholine release from presynaptic vesicles. The potency and safety profile of BoNTA grant the toxin vast therapeutic potential. It has been used off-label for a variety of dermatologic conditions. This review aims to analyze published literature regarding the benefits and risks of the off-label use of BoNTA beyond facial lines, including eccrine hidrocystomas, enlarged pores, keloids and hypertrophic scars, hidradenitis suppurativa, hyperhidrosis, masseter muscle hypertrophy, and salivary gland hypertrophy, among others. A MEDLINE search from January 2000 to December 2019 was conducted on the off-label uses of botulinum toxin in dermatology.
Subject(s)
Acetylcholine Release Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/administration & dosage , Dermatology/methods , Off-Label Use , Acetylcholine Release Inhibitors/adverse effects , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/adverse effects , Cicatrix, Hypertrophic/drug therapy , Dermatology/standards , Hidradenitis Suppurativa/drug therapy , Hidrocystoma/drug therapy , Humans , Hyperhidrosis/drug therapy , Hypertrophy/drug therapy , Injections, Intralesional/methods , Injections, Intralesional/standards , Injections, Subcutaneous/methods , Injections, Subcutaneous/standards , Keloid/drug therapy , Masseter Muscle/abnormalities , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Salivary Glands/pathology , Sweat Gland Neoplasms/drug therapy , Treatment OutcomeSubject(s)
Biological Products/administration & dosage , Injections, Intralesional/standards , Melanoma/therapy , Oncolytic Virotherapy/methods , Skin Neoplasms/therapy , Biological Products/adverse effects , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Administration Schedule , Herpesvirus 1, Human , Humans , Injections, Intralesional/instrumentation , Melanoma/diagnosis , Melanoma/pathology , Neoplasm Staging/methods , Oncolytic Virotherapy/adverse effects , Oncolytic Virotherapy/instrumentation , Oncolytic Virotherapy/standards , Patient Selection , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Skin/diagnostic imaging , Skin/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , Ultrasonography, InterventionalABSTRACT
To reduce the toxic and side effects of intravenous chemotherapeutic drugs on the tumor-patients, the aims of this study were to design and study intratumor-administrated irinotecan-loaded PLGA microspheres (CPT-11-PLGA-MS) in vitro and in vivo according to the structure characteristics of CPT-11. PLGA microspheres containing irinotecan were prepared by emulsion solvent evaporation method and evaluated in terms of their morphology, particle size analysis, in vitro drug release, drug retention and leakage studies in vivo, and pharmacodynamics studies. The CPT-11-PLGA-MS were spherical with mean size of 9.29 ± 0.02 µm, and average encapsulation efficiency were measured of 77.97 ± 1.26% along with the average drug loading of 7.08 ± 0.11%. DSC results indicated that the drug existed in the phase of uncrystallization in the microspheres. The formulation of CPT-11-PLGA-MS could prolong the in vitro drug release to 16 days following Weibull equation. In CPT-11-PLGA-MS after intratumor injection administration was significantly improved. The results demonstrated that the slow-sustained release of CPT-11-PLGA-MS in tumor tissue after intratumor injection of microspheres can reduce the drug leakage to the circulation system, maintain the drug retention, and improve the therapeutic effect, which could become a promising drug delivery system for CPT-11 and could maintain the most effective concentration at the target site to maximum limit.
Subject(s)
Drug Delivery Systems/methods , Injections, Intralesional/methods , Irinotecan/administration & dosage , Microspheres , Tumor Burden/drug effects , Animals , Cell Line, Tumor , Delayed-Action Preparations/administration & dosage , Delayed-Action Preparations/chemistry , Drug Delivery Systems/standards , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical/methods , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical/standards , Drug Liberation , Female , Humans , Injections, Intralesional/standards , Irinotecan/chemistry , Mice , Particle Size , Random Allocation , Topoisomerase I Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Topoisomerase I Inhibitors/chemistry , Tumor Burden/physiologyABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION:: Intralesional treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis has been applied for over 30 years at the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, with good therapeutic results and without relevant systemic toxicity. METHODS: Meglumine antimoniate was injected subcutaneously, using a long medium-caliber needle (for example, 30mm × 0.8mm); patients received 1-3 injections, with 15-day intervals. RESULTS: The technique is described in detail sufficient to enable replication. CONCLUSIONS:: The treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis with intralesional meglumine antimoniate is a simple, effective, and safe technique, which may be used in basic healthcare settings.
Subject(s)
Antiprotozoal Agents/administration & dosage , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/drug therapy , Meglumine/administration & dosage , Organometallic Compounds/administration & dosage , Humans , Injections, Intralesional/standards , Meglumine AntimoniateABSTRACT
Abstract INTRODUCTION: Intralesional treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis has been applied for over 30 years at the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, with good therapeutic results and without relevant systemic toxicity. METHODS Meglumine antimoniate was injected subcutaneously, using a long medium-caliber needle (for example, 30mm × 0.8mm); patients received 1-3 injections, with 15-day intervals. RESULTS The technique is described in detail sufficient to enable replication. CONCLUSIONS: The treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis with intralesional meglumine antimoniate is a simple, effective, and safe technique, which may be used in basic healthcare settings.
Subject(s)
Humans , Organometallic Compounds/administration & dosage , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/drug therapy , Meglumine/administration & dosage , Antiprotozoal Agents/administration & dosage , Injections, Intralesional/standards , Meglumine AntimoniateABSTRACT
This article presents the spectrum of indications for the use of hyaluronic acid (HA) based on the recommendations of the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR), the American College of Rheumatology (ACR), the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI), the International Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) and the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis (ESCEO) taking the reality of patient care in Europe into account.
Subject(s)
Hyaluronic Acid/administration & dosage , Hyaluronic Acid/standards , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Rheumatic Diseases/drug therapy , Rheumatology/standards , Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage , Adjuvants, Immunologic/standards , Antirheumatic Agents/administration & dosage , Antirheumatic Agents/standards , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Monitoring/standards , Europe , Humans , Injections, Intra-Articular/methods , Injections, Intra-Articular/standards , Injections, Intralesional/methods , Injections, Intralesional/standards , Rheumatic Diseases/diagnosis , United States , Viscosupplements/administration & dosage , Viscosupplements/standardsABSTRACT
Treating potentially rabies virus infected wounds requires the injection of rabies immunoglobulin into and around the wounds, followed by vaccination with an approved tissue culture rabies vaccine. A significant number of such bite wounds involves fingers where there is little space for expansion. Injecting immunoglobulin into such areas under pressure may induce a compartment syndrome caused by compromising circulation. We carried out a retrospective review and a prospective study of patients seen with digital bite injuries and found that it is a safe procedure if carried out with care by experienced staff.
