Efficacy and safety comparison between pulsed dye laser and intense pulsed light configured with different wavelength bands in treating erythematotelangiectatic rosacea.

Previous clinical studies have shown that pulsed dye laser (PDL) and intense pulsed light (IPL) are effective for treating erythematotelangiectatic rosacea(ETR). This article aims to compare the efficacy and safety of PDL and IPL at three different wavelength bands (broad-band, single-narrow-band, and dual-narrow-band) in treating ETR. Sixty subjects with ETR were randomly categorized into four groups and received one of the following laser treatments: PDL (595 nm), IPL with Delicate Pulse Light (DPL, 500-600 nm), IPL with M22 590 (590-1200 nm), or IPL with M22 vascular filter (530-650 nm and 900-1200 nm). Four treatment sessions were administered at 4-week intervals, with one follow-up session 4 weeks after the final treatment. The efficacy of the four lasers was evaluated by comparing the clinical symptom score, total effective rate, VISIA red area absolute score, and RosaQoL score before and after treatment. The safety was evaluated by comparing adverse reactions such as pain, purpura, erythematous edema, and blister. All 60 subjects completed the study. Within-group effects showed that the clinical symptom score, VISIA red area absolute score, and RosaQoL score of all four groups were significantly reduced compared to before treatment (p < 0.001). Between-group effects showed no statistically significant difference among the four laser groups. Safety analysis showed that all four lasers were safe, but the incidence of blister was higher in the M22 vascular group. Nonpurpurogenic PDL, DPL, M22 590, and M22 vascular were equally effective in treating ETR and were well-tolerated. ClinicalTrial.gov Identifier: NCT05360251.

Effect of Intense Pulsed Light versus Intradermal Tranexamic Acid for the Management of Melasma.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of intense pulsed light (IPL) and intradermal tranexamic acid (TXA) in treating melasma. STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional analytical study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Dermatology, Dow International Medical College, Dow University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, from 15th January to 15th July 2023. METHODOLOGY: A total of 62 patients with melasma, aged 20-50 years, were divided into two groups. Group A (32 patients) received IPL (560 nm filter was used) treatment, and Group B (30 patients) received intradermal TXA. Each group underwent four treatment sessions with varying intervals. Melasma area and severity index (MASI) scores were used to compare the effects of treatment. RESULTS: After a 3-month treatment period, both groups showed reduced mMASI scores compared to baseline with a significant initial difference between Group A (8.6 ± 4.2) and Group B (5.4 ± 2.7, p <0.001). However, post-treatment, there was no significant difference in mMASI scores (Group A: 3.8 ± 2.6; Group B: 3.2 ± 2.0, p = 0.29). IPL treatment (Group A) demonstrated a significant reduction in mMASI scores (57.1 ± 19.7) compared to intradermal TXA treatment (Group B, 42.2 ± 18.8, p = 0.0034). CONCLUSION: Both IPL and intradermal TXA treatments effectively reduced melasma, with IPL exhibiting superior results. However, post-treatment outcomes converged, emphasising the need for personalised approaches considering the unique characteristics of South East Asian skin. KEY WORDS: Intense pulsed light, Melasma, Intradermal tranexamic acid.

Intense pulsed light treatment for the management of meibomian gland dysfunction.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is one of the most common disorders encountered by ophthalmologists, and its management can prove challenging for both clinicians and patients. Intense pulsed light (IPL), which has been historically used in the field of dermatology, has emerged as a tool to help improve meibomian gland function. The goal of this review is to assess the clinical efficacy, utility, and safety of IPL for the treatment of MGD. RECENT FINDINGS: In recent randomized controlled trials, IPL has been shown to improve meibomian gland function, and subsequently tear film quality and dry eye symptoms. The mechanism of action still remains unclear. Recent literature suggests that IPL may also be used in conjunction with other therapies, such as meibomian gland expression, low-level light therapy, and thermal pulsation. Careful attention should be placed on each patient's Fitzpatrick skin type, as well as protecting the ocular structures to reduce the risk of adverse effects. Cost, accessibility, as well as a limited duration of efficacy may be drawbacks. SUMMARY: There is significant evidence supporting that IPL may be used as a potential well tolerated and effective treatment for MGD, though there are certain caveats regarding its long-term efficacy, accessibility, and cost.

Intense pulsed light therapy for ocular surface diseases.

Intense pulsed light (IPL) is a non-laser, high-intensity light source that has been shown to play a valuable role in dermatology and has been adopted in ophthalmology for treating meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). In this review, we discuss the mechanism of action of IPL, including its benefits in ophthalmology. IPL therapy has been shown to improve tear film stability, meibomian gland (MG) function, and subjective symptoms of ocular dryness in MGD patients. Moreover, emerging evidence suggests that IPL therapy is beneficial for other ocular surface diseases, such as blepharitis and chalazia. Hence, it can be inferred that IPL has potential as a therapeutic modality in future applications. Large clinical and experimental trials are needed to exploit the full potential of IPL as a treatment for recurrent chalazia, Sjögren's syndrome, and other causes of dry eye disease (DED). This paper reviews the published literature related to the application of IPL for treating ocular surface diseases.

Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) for the treatment of vascular and pigmented lesions.

BACKGROUND: IPL devices emit a wide range of wavelengths that can be absorbed by different chromophores in the skin. Selective destruction of a specific chromophore with minimal side effects is controlled by wavelength, pulse duration, and fluence. AIM: This study aims to evaluate the treatment of vascular and pigmented lesions using narrow-band Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) with Advanced Fluorescence Technology (AFT), which offers more efficient energy usage per pulse to increase safety, and improve clinical outcomes. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of data from 100 patients treated with narrow-band IPL for vascular and pigmented lesions. Efficacy was measured by the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) and Patient Satisfaction Scale (0-10). Safety was assessed by evaluating pain levels and adverse events. RESULTS: Mean GAIS scores were 8.02 ± 0.84 for vascular and 8.14 ± 0.9 for pigmented lesions with no significant difference between groups (p=0.49, α=0.05). Patient satisfaction correlated with GAIS scores (correlation coefficient 0.8). No pain was reported and two patients experienced temporary and transient side effects. CONCLUSION: Overall, the advanced IPL treatments provided favorable outcomes for vascular and pigmented lesions.

Using an intense pulsed light (IPL) module for the treatment of pigmented lesions.

BACKGROUND: Pigmented lesions are largely benign and may lead to extreme distress. Various light and lasers may be used to treat pigmentation, often Q-switched lasers are considered the method of choice, while intense pulsed light (IPL) devices may offer a less invasive treatment with a shorter downtime. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a narrowband IPL module for the treatment of pigmented lesions. METHODS: A retrospective study of 20 patients with pigmented lesions underwent treatment with an IPL module. Treatment was assessed by blinded evaluation of clinical photographs using a GAIS scale of 0-10, as well as through patient satisfaction ratings on a scale of 0-10. Throughout the treatment, pain levels and adverse events were monitored. RESULTS: The mean GAIS score was 7.55 ± 1.15 (mean ± SD), and the mean patient satisfaction score was 7.3 ± 1.26 (mean ± SD). There was a strong positive correlation between GAIS and patient satisfaction scores (r = 0.83), and no significant difference between them (p-value = 0.516). The number of treatments did not significantly affect GAIS and patient satisfaction scores (p-values 0.364 and 0.126). Additional positive unexpected outcomes were improved skin firmness and reduced wrinkles. CONCLUSION: The results of the study indicate that the IPL module is both safe and effective in treating pigmented lesions and may have the potential to stimulate collagen production.

Efficacy and safety of the combination of oral tranexamic acid and intense pulsed light versus oral tranexamic acid alone in the treatment of refractory Riehl's melanosis: A prospective, comparative study.

BACKGROUND: There is no standardized and effective treatment modality for Riehl's melanosis. AIMS: To compare the efficacy and safety of oral tranexamic acid (TXA) combined with intense pulsed light (IPL) versus TXA alone in the treatment of refractory Riehl's melanosis. METHODS: A prospective study of 28 subjects with refractory Riehl's melanosis and Fitzpatrick Skin Types III or IV was conducted. All subjects received oral TXA 500 mg daily and 11 of them were treated in combination with monthly IPL therapy for 6 months. The primary outcome measure was mean melanin index (MI), erythema index (EI) and acquired dermal macular hyperpigmentation area and severity index (DPASI). The Physician Global Assessment (PGA) and patient satisfaction scale were documented. RESULTS: After treatment, DPASI, mean MI, and EI were significantly reduced in both groups. The group treated with combination therapy showed better improvement according to MI (p = 0.0032) and DPASI (p = 0.00468). PGA and patient satisfaction scale showed superior efficacy in the combination group. No significant difference was observed in treatment-related side effects. CONCLUSION: The combination of oral TXA and IPL proves to be a safe and satisfactory treatment strategy for refractory Riehl's melanosis.

Clinical efficacy of intense pulsed light combined with low-dose intralesional corticosteroids in treating noninfectious granulomas after mesotherapy: A case series analysis.

BACKGROUND: Mesotherapy is a popular cosmetic procedure for localized delivery of substances. However, due to the lack of standardized processes, there are potential risks of adverse reactions. Granulomas formation is one of the chronic reactions which impose significant physical and mental burdens on patients. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this analysis is to evaluate the safety and feasibility of combining intense pulsed light (IPL) with intralesional corticosteroids for treating noninfectious granulomas after mesotherapy. METHODS: This retrospective observational case series included patients who suffer from noninfectious granulomas after mesotherapy and received combination of IPL and intralesional corticosteroids treatment between October 2021 and December 2022 at Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China. The process and effect were analyzed and summarized. RESULTS: Among the seven patients, five expressed extreme satisfaction with the efficacy, while two was slightly satisfied. The physicians believed that all patients had shown significant improvement. No adverse reactions or recurrences were observed during follow-up. CONCLUSION: Based on this analysis, the application of the combined treatment in patients suffering from noninfectious granuloma due to mesotherapy demonstrates good clinical efficacy and safety, making it worth considering as a treatment option.

IPL-PDT as an effective treatment for mild-to-moderate acne vulgaris: A prospective, single-center, self-controlled study.

BACKGROUND: High recurrence rate of mild-to-moderate acne vulgaris following traditional therapy poses a significant challenge. 5-Aminolaevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) with intense pulsed light (IPL) has emerged as a promising intervention. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of IPL-PDT for the treatment of mild-to-moderate acne vulgaris. METHODS: In this prospective, self-controlled study, eligible patients aged from 18 to 45 years old with Pillsbury grade Ⅰ-III facial acne were included. Patients were treated with three sessions of IPL-PDT at three-week interval, with follow-ups at 3 weeks and 2 months after the final treatment. RESULTS: A total of 31 patients were enrolled. At 3 weeks post-treatment, the mean count of acne lesions decreased significantly (P < 0.001), with 87.1 % of patients achieving treatment success (defined as ≥ 75 % clearance rate of acne lesions). Recurrence rate at 2-month follow-up was 9.68 %. No severe adverse reactions were observed. LIMITATIONS: This study is a single-center, self-controlled study. Multi-center study designed as randomize controlled trials involving a larger patient cohort is necessary. CONCLUSIONS: IPL-PDT is a promising therapy for mild-to-moderate acne vulgaris, exhibiting high efficacy, minimal adverse effects, and a low recurrence rate.

Therapeutic effect of intense pulsed light on different types of chalazion in children.

This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) therapy for chalazion treatment while also exploring potential variations in sensitivity among different types of chalazion. A total of 149 patients were selected to receive tobramycin combined with IPL treatment and tobramycin combined with hot compress. The treatment groups were divided into cystic type and granulomatous type according to different clinical manifestations. The course of treatment was 3 weeks. The improvement was based on the ultrasound measurement of the masses reduction of more than 50% or disappearance. In the IPL group, 17 (22.67%) cases were cured, 39 (52.00%) were effective, and 19 (25.33%) were ineffective. This includes: cystic type was cured in 3 (15.79%), effective in 5 (26.32%) cases, ineffective in 11 (57.89%) cases; granulomatous type was cured in 14 (25.00%) cases, effective in 34 (60.71%) cases, ineffective in 8 (14.29%) cases. In the hot compress group, 5 (6.76%) cases were cured, 16 (21.62%) cases were effective and 53 (71.62%) cases were ineffective. The cystic type was cured in 2 (8.00%) cases, effective in 3 (12.00%) cases and ineffective in 20 (80.00%) cases; the granulomatous type was cured in 3 (6.12%) cases, effective in 13 (26.53%) cases and ineffective in 33 (67.35%) cases. The cure rate and efficacy rate of IPL treatment is higher than that of hot compress treatment, the treatment effect of IPL treatment on granulomatous chalazion is better than that on cystic type.

Need to Increase the Number of Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) Treatment Sessions for Patients with Moderate to Severe Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD) Patients.

PURPOSE: To evaluate whether patients with moderate-to-severe meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) will benefit from increasing the number of intense pulsed light (IPL) treatment sessions. METHODS: Ninety Asian adult with MGD (stages 3-4) were enrolled in this retrospective study. In Group1, 30 patients completed the five-session IPL treatment, 63.33% of which also received meibomian gland expression (MGX). In Group 2, 60 patients received three-session IPL treatment, 60.0% of which also accepted MGX. Both intragroup and intergroup analyses were conducted. RESULTS: The population characteristics, clinical baseline characteristics and therapeutic regimen were comparable between Group1 and Group2. The symptoms and most clinical indices improved after IPL treatment finished in both two groups. No statistical difference was found in any improvement level of all symptomatic and physical indices, including the Ocular surface disease index, tear break-up time, Demodex, corneal staining, meibum quality, meibomian gland expressibility, and MGD stage (all p ≥ 0.05) between the two groups at any time, not only month by month, but also at the terminal visit. However, the response rate of Group1 after the five-session treatment (70.00%) was increased compared to that of Group2 after the three-session treatment (63.33%). CONCLUSIONS: Increasing the number of IPL sessions is beneficial for patients with moderate to severe MGD to increase the response rate of treatment, rather than the improvement level. However, there is no need for patients who respond well to a routine number of IPL treatments to undergo additional IPL sessions.

Changes of Facial Lipidomics by Intense Pulsed Light Treatment Based on LC-MS.

BACKGROUND: Intense pulsed light (IPL) has been widely used to improve cutaneous photoaging in recent years. Several studies began to explore the changes of skin barrier function after treatment, but the changes of skin surface lipids (SSL), especially specific lipid content and types are still unclear. METHODS: A total of 25 female volunteers were included in our study, and each of them received three full-face treatments with one month apart. Before the first treatment and 1 month after the last treatment, we collected clinical photos and skin stratum corneum samples from individuals. A 5-level scale was used to evaluate the efficacy of IPL treatment, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and Orthogonal Partial Least Squares Discrimination Analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to analyze the changes of SSL. RESULTS: Two patients got no improvement after treatment, 6 patients had poor improvement and mild improvement was achieved in 9 patients, 5 and 3 patients reported moderate and significant improvement. The overall "effective" rate was 68 % and the "significant effective" rate was 32 %. The results showed 18 lipid subclasses and 487 lipid molecules were identified. The change of total lipid volume was not statistically significant (P = 0.088>0.05), but lipid subclass analysis showed the amount of Triglyceride (TG), Phosphatidic Acid (PA), Phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and Lysophosphatidylglycerol (LPG) were significantly increased (P < 0.05). There were 55 kinds of lipid molecules with significant difference after treatment (P < 0.05), and 51 of them belong to TG. The analysis of chain saturation of TG showed that the quantity of TG with 0, 1 and 2 unsaturated bonds increased significantly (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: IPL treatment does not have a significant effect on the overall amount of lipids while the amount of TG, PA, PG, LPG were significantly increased. These lipid changes may potentially improve the skin barrier function, but more high-quality and comprehensive studies are still needed. BULLET POINT: Lipidomics analysis based on LC-MS; Changes of skin surface lipid after IPL treatment; the relationships between skin surface lipid and skin barrier functions. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

[Expert consensus on the clinical application of narrow-band intense pulsed light (2024 edition)].

The continuous innovation of medical cosmetology technology promotes the rapid development of aesthetic medicine. Narrow-band intense pulsed light (NB-IPL), which is developed based on conventional intense pulsed light, is a more accurate, efficient, and safer technique on clinical application. In order to promote more professionalization and standardization of the clinical application of NB-IPL, a panel of clinical experts in plastic surgery, dermatology and other fields developed the consensus based on the evidence-based medicine, clinical practice, and authoritative guidelines of other disciplines. The consensus panel discussed the indications, treatment parameters, contraindications, and precautions for the clinical application of NB-IPL and would serve as a reference for clinicians, nurses, teaching and research personnels engaged in plastic and cosmetics related work.

Safety and Effectiveness of Laser or Intense Pulsed Light Treatment for Early Surgical Scar: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of laser or intense pulsed light therapy for early treatment of surgical scar. METHODS: A literature search was conducted for relevant prospective, randomized controlled trials published in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang Database, and VTTMS between January 2006 and January 2022. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist was used to extract literature data. The risk of bias was assessed by RevMan. Safety was assessed based on the presence of serious adverse reactions (blisters, infections, burns above the second degree), while effectiveness was assessed using the Vancouver Score Scale. RESULTS: 1512 related articles were preliminarily retrieved, including 1211 English articles and 301 Chinese articles. According to the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria, 12 articles were selected for this analysis. In total, 475 patients were included (laser group, 238; control group, 236). All studies confirmed that the laser group was superior to the control group. In the subgroup analysis of 7 articles, the standardized mean difference was 1.99 (P = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis demonstrates that laser or intense pulsed light therapy is a safe and effective approach for early surgical scar treatment, resulting in improved scar appearance and minimal adverse reactions. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE I: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Current application of intense pulsed light for the management of dry eye disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

This review explored intense pulsed light (IPL) as an alternative treatment for dry eye disease (DED) symptom relief by correcting tear-film homeostasis. A systematic search was performed in March 2022 on five databases (Medline, Embase, SCOPUS, ProQuest, and EBSCO). Studies were extracted for the following outcomes of interest: standard patient evaluation of eye dryness questionnaire (SPEED), ocular surface disease index (OSDI), tear break-up time (TBUT), and corneal fluorescein staining (CFS). All studies published up to March 2022 were reviewed. Cochrane risk of bias tool (RoB 2) was used to screen studies for risk of bias where appropriate. A meta-analysis was done to quantify any reported quantitative data. Thirteen studies were included in this study. A total of 931 individuals and 1454 numbers of eyes were reviewed in this meta-analysis. Among studies that explored and reported the effect of IPL in individuals with DED, TBUT and OSDI improved significantly post intervention, with a standardized mean difference (SMD) of 1.02 [95% CI 0.41-1.64] and 0.28 [95% CI 0.04-0.52], respectively. CFS and SPEED scores, however, showed no statistically significant difference, with an SMD of 0.22 [95% CI -0.19 to 0.64] and 0.28 [95% CI -0.11 to 0.66], respectively. In conclusion, current evidence indicates IPL as a possible adjunctive treatment in individuals with DED in an otherwise limited treatment option. Further studies through more extensive trials are needed to validate this finding and elucidate its mechanism.

[Ocular complications in intense pulsed light therapy (case study)]. / Glaznye oslozhneniya intensivnoi fototerapii (klinicheskoe nablyudenie).

A 24-year-old female patient with photophobia, discoria, redness and dryness in her right eye after intense pulsed light (IPL) therapy applied for posttraumatic subcutaneous hemorrhage received a comprehensive ophthalmic examination including optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography of the anterior eye segment. Her best corrected visual acuity was 20/20 in both eyes. Medically induced mydriasis revealed discoria with paresis of pupil dilatator in the left eye (pupil size 4.2 mm and 6.6 mm in the right and left eye, respectively). Anterior segment OCT showed anterior chamber cytosis and increased iris vascularity. The patient was prescribed topical 1.0% tropicamide 2 times per day and 1.0% dexamethasone 4 times per day for two weeks. Examination performed after 3 months showed no restoration of pupil dilatator function in the left eye. The case demonstrates potential ocular complications of IPL therapy, which may include iris burn with iritis and persistent pupil dilatator dysfunction.

Narrow-Band Intense Pulsed Light as Treatment for Erythematotelangiectatic Rosacea: A Retrospective Study.

BACKGROUND: Erythematotelangiectatic rosacea can be successfully treated using various laser and light-based devices. However, the use of narrow-band intense pulsed light for the treatment of erythematotelangiectatic rosacea has not been investigated in detail. This retrospective study aimed to analyze the clinical efficacy of narrow-band intense pulsed light (500-600 nm) for the treatment of erythematotelangiectatic rosacea among Chinese individuals.  Methods: Patients with erythematotelangiectatic rosacea who had completed 3 sessions of treatment with narrow-band intense pulsed light and follow-up from July 2016 to December 2018 were retrospectively evaluated. Clinical improvement was assessed by 2 blinded dermatologists based on photographs obtained at each follow-up visit using the clinician erythema assessment scale and 5-grade scale. RESULTS: Forty-five patients with erythematotelangiectatic rosacea treated with narrow-band intense pulsed light were included in this study. The effectiveness and excellent rates after 3 treatment sessions were 68.9% and 35.6%, respectively. An average of 2 treatment sessions was required among patients who achieved good or excellent clearance of erythema and telangiectasia. Except for transient erythema and edema, no severe adverse effects were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Narrow-band intense pulsed light is a safe and effective treatment for erythematotelangiectatic rosacea. Even with a small number of treatment sessions, narrow-band intense pulsed light can deliver a significant therapeutic effect, which may be applicable in clinical practice. J Drugs Dermatol. 2023;22(11):1095-1098     doi:10.36849/JDD.4920.

Safety and efficacy of intense pulsed light in the treatment of severe chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the safety and efficacy of intense pulsed light (IPL) in the treatment of severe chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease (coGVHD). METHODS: A prospective cohort study. Seventeen patients with severe coGVHD were selected for inclusion in this study. All subjects were treated with IPL every fortnight together with conventional treatment, observation time points were pre-treatment (W0), 4 weeks post-treatment (W4), 8 weeks post-treatment (W8) and 12 weeks post-treatment (W12). Dry eye related examinations include Tear meniscus height (TMH), Non-invasive break-up time (NIBUT), Schirmer I test, Tear film lipid layer thickness (LLT), Ocular surface staining (OSS) and assessment of meibomian gland. Corneal epithelial cell morphology and inflammatory cell infiltration were analyzed by corneal confocal microscopy, while goblet cell density and squamous epithelial grade were assessed by conjunctival imprinted cytology. RESULTS: Patients did not experience any adverse reactions during the follow-up period. All subjects showed significant improvement in clinical symptoms and most signs after IPL treatment. The corneal confocal microscopy showed that the number of dendritic cells infiltrates in the corneal stroma was significantly reduced after IPL treatment (p < 0.001). Conjunctival blot cytology suggested an increase in the number of conjunctival goblet cells from 5.12 ± 2.71 cells/mm2 before treatment to 22.00 ± 4.58 cells/mm2 after treatment, with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001). An improvement in conjunctival epithelial cell morphology and a decrease in squamous epithelial grade was also observed. CONCLUSIONS: IPL treatment can effectively increase tear film stability in patients with severe coGVHD without significant side effects.

Tear Film Lipid Layer Changes Following Combined Effect of Heated Eye Mask with Intense Pulsed Light Therapy for Evaporative Dry Eye: A Randomized Control Study.

Background: Dry eye disease (DED) is a complex ocular surface inflammatory disorder with a multifactorial etiology. Therapies such as intense pulsed light (IPL) and heated eye mask (HEM) have been reported to improve the tear film lipid layer (TFLL) and signs and symptoms of DED. Methods: This randomized study aimed to compare the effects of IPL combined with HEM (IPL+HEM) group, IPL group, and control group in participants with evaporative DED. All participants were examined at baseline (D0), day 21 (D21), day 42 (D42), and day 84 (D84) for noninvasive tear breakup time (NITBUT), TFLL, corneal conjunctival staining (CS), meibomian gland quality (MGQ), meibomian gland expressibility (MGEx), and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI). Results: The mean age of participants was IPL+HEM: 28.06 ± 3.88 years, IPL: 29.88 ± 4.68 years, and control: 28.52 ± 3.77 years. At D84, significant improvements in TFLL (p < 0.05), noninvasive tear breakup time (NITBUT) (p < 0.05), corneoconjunctival staining (CS) (p < 0.05), MGQ (p < 0.05), MGEx (p < 0.05), and OSDI (p < 0.05) were found in the IPL+HEM and IPL groups, whereas the control group had no significant improvements. Furthermore, ΔTFLL significantly correlated with ΔNITBUT (r = -0.678, p < 0.001), ΔCS (r = 0.321, p < 0.001), ΔMGQ (r = 0.669, p < 0.001), ΔMGEx (r = 0.598, p < 0.001), and ΔOSDI score (r = 0.649, p < 0.001). Conclusions: IPL therapy in combination with HEM and IPL therapy only can significantly improve the quality of TFLL and clinically reduce the sign and symptoms of evaporative DED. However, IPL therapy in combination with HEM was found to be more effective than IPL therapy alone.

Novel treatment of chalazion using light-guided-tip intense pulsed light.

We assessed the effectiveness of light-guided-tip intense pulsed light (IPL) with meibomian gland expression (MGX) in chalazion treatment. Ninety-five eyes with chalazion received a light-guided-tip IPL-MGX treatment (IPL-MGX group), and another 95 eyes with chalazion received incision with curettage treatment (Control group). Prior to IPL or incision, as well as 1 month after the final treatment, data were gathered pertaining to the lesion location and size, hyperemia, lesions regression or recurrence, and a comprehensive ophthalmic examination. The total size of the chalazia in the IPL-MGX group was significantly reduced after the final treatment, with an average resolution rate of 70.5%, which is comparable to excision surgery. A significant decrease in chalazion recurrence rate was apparent after treatment in the IPL-MGX group compared with control. Moreover, the IPL-MGX demonstrated significant advancements throughout noninvasive tear film breakup time (NIBUT) as well as meibum grade in comparison to baseline and those in the the Control group. The use of IPL-MGX was found to be an efficient therapy for reducing the size and recurring frequency of chalazia, as well as for improving the meibomian gland function. It may be considered as a first-line treatment for cases of primary or recurrent chalazia with inflammation.