ABSTRACT
Despite the high mortality that have been associated with pregnancy and childbirth in past populations, few cases of the remains of pregnant women burials are described in the bioarchaeological reports. This paper is focused on the case of a double inhumation found in the Medieval Muslim Necropolis (11th to 15th centuries) of Sahl ben Malik in Granada (Spain). A complete skeleton of a woman and the skeletal remains of a full-term fetus located under the mother's left femur, were discovered in this burial. None of the evidence for the mother was decisive in determining the cause of death. However, evidence of physiological stress in the woman and possible gynecological complications may have contributed to the death of both individuals. The link between the individuals and their cause of death is examined, discussed and compared with similar archaeological records.
Subject(s)
Burial/history , Islam/history , Maternal Death/history , Adult , Bone and Bones/anatomy & histology , Female , Fetal Death , Fetus/anatomy & histology , History, Medieval , Humans , Paleopathology , Pregnancy , SpainABSTRACT
En la narración de uno de los personajes de los famososcuentos de Las mil y una noches, se resume el comienzo de la Medicina Árabe, con Nestorio.Una medicina que conservó para el mundo de Occidente, el tesoro médico formado con la herencia recibida de Grecia, Roma, Siria, Egipto, China e India.Las semillas de aquella ciencia islámica, caídas progresivamente en suelo de la Europa Medieval, desde elSiglo V al XIII, lejos de desaparecer, florecieron con el riego fertilizante del Renacimiento.La visita al Museo de la Civilización Islámica, en el emirato Árabe de Sharjah, en Julio del corriente año, me permitió conocer de cerca, la contribución de los médicosárabes, convertidos en eslabón científico entre Oriente yOccidente
In the account of one of the characters of the famoustales of The Arabian Nights, summarizes the early Arabicmedicine, with Nestorius.A medicine that kept to the Western world, the treasure-trained doctor with the heritage of Greece, Rome, Syria, Egypt, China and India.The seeds of that Islamic science, soil falls progressively in medieval Europe, from the V to XIII century, far from disappearing, flourished with fertigation Renaissance. Avisit to the Museum of Islamic Civilization, in the arabe mirate of Sharjah, in July of this year, let me get up close, the contribution of Arab doctors, converted into scientificlink between East and West
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , History, Medieval , History, Medieval , History of Medicine , Islam/history , Museums/historyABSTRACT
Arab medicine arose as a consequence of the assimilation and breeding of Hellenistic medicine, particularly of Galenic medicine. It reached its high point between the X and XII centuries and, after the XIII century, lost all creative capabilities. Nevertheless, it achieved the status of being an incentive for European medieval medicine. Some aspects of the medical teaching and publications of the most distinguished Moslem physicians, such as Rhazes (865-932), Avicenna (980-1037), and Averroës (1126-1198) are described. The main characteristics of Moslem medical institutions such as guilds, hospitals, and organizations of professional practice also are discussed. Although Arab medicine essentially constituted a transmission vehicle of master ideas of ancient medical thought, this medicine awoke the interest and initiative of the medieval physicians of western Europe, for example, those at the medical school of Salerno.
Subject(s)
Islam/history , Medicine, Arabic/history , Europe , History, 15th Century , History, 16th Century , History, Ancient , History, Medieval , HumansABSTRACT
Durante il Califfato di Cordova e negli anni immediatamente successivi vi fu una intensa fioritura di studi medici, come viene testimoniato dai numerosi documenti relative anche a parecchie malattie di origine microbica quali: tetatno, gangrena, avvelenamenti e tossinfezioni alimentari, colera, peste, meningite, diarrea, dissenteria, infezioni della bocca e dei denti, pustole e foruncoli, infezioni di ferite, impetigine, tonsillite, erisipela, polmonite, infezioni delle vie urinaire, infezioni sessualmente transmesse, otite, congiuntivite, tigna, mughetto, malaria, teniasi, infestazione da pulci, scabbia, vaiolo, morbillo, tracoma, raffreddori, poliomielite e rabbia. Esistono importanti saggi sulla natura contagiosa di queste malattie e sui rimedi terapeutici. I contributi dottrinali maggiormente pregevoli dell'epoca furono dati da autorevoli medici quali Isaac, Arib ibn Said, Abulcasis, Averroè, Maimonide e Al-Gafiqi.
Subject(s)
Male , Female , Humans , History, Medieval , Parasitic Diseases/epidemiology , Parasitic Diseases/history , Communicable Diseases/history , Fever/epidemiology , Fever/history , Leprosy/epidemiology , Leprosy/history , Islam/history , Physicians/history , Disease Reservoirs , Public Health/history , Disease Outbreaks/history , Smallpox/classification , Smallpox/epidemiology , Smallpox/historySubject(s)
Agriculture , Environment , Ethnicity , Islam , Rural Population , Socioeconomic Factors , Agriculture/economics , Agriculture/education , Agriculture/history , Animal Husbandry/economics , Animal Husbandry/education , Animal Husbandry/history , Christianity/history , Christianity/psychology , Crops, Agricultural/economics , Crops, Agricultural/history , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Ethnicity/education , Ethnicity/ethnology , Ethnicity/history , Ethnicity/legislation & jurisprudence , Ethnicity/psychology , Forestry/economics , Forestry/education , Forestry/history , History, 15th Century , History, 16th Century , History, Medieval , Humans , Islam/history , Islam/psychology , Rural Health/history , Rural Population/history , Social Change/history , Socioeconomic Factors/history , Spain/ethnologyABSTRACT
It has been claimed that descriptions of schizophrenia-like disorders were rare before 1800 in the Western world. Historical evidence from medieval Islamic society shows that madness was common in that society. Despite the limitations of the evidence, we propose that medieval Islamic physicians probably diagnosed and treated many cases of schizophrenia.