ABSTRACT
Nipple aspirate fluid (NAF) requires investigation as a potential source of biomarkers for early diagnosis or risk assessment in breast cancer and other breast disorders. The present study demonstrated that proteins were easily extracted from dried NAF spots on Guthrie cards and were suitable for mass spectrometry analysis. NAF was obtained from 80 women, collected on Guthrie cards, between 2007 and 2010. The NAF-proteins were extracted from the card by incubating the card in water. These proteins were then quantified and separated using one-dimensional, 12% SDS-PAGE, gel electrophoresis and on high-resolution gradient gels at different concentrations (4-12, 8-16 and 4-20%). The bands with the most abundant proteins were excised from the gradient gels and the proteins were identified by liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight. Immunoglobulins, Zn-α2-glicoprotein, apoliprotein D and prolactin inducible protein were among those identified. The NAF-Guthrie card collection method has not been applied previously, however, NAF proteins have been identified using other collecting techniques, confirming the feasibility of the NAF Guthrie card collection method for analyzing the proteins within NAF. The NAF-Guthrie card collecting method has multiple advantages, including being inexpensive, non-invasive, reliable and painless, and the cards can be stored at room temperature. Examining NAF may assist in identifying individuals at a higher risk of breast cancer and in improving patient prognosis.
Subject(s)
Biomarkers, Tumor/isolation & purification , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Nipple Aspirate Fluid/chemistry , Proteins/isolation & purification , Adult , Aged , Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism , Breast Neoplasms/metabolism , Breast Neoplasms/prevention & control , Chromatography, Liquid , Early Diagnosis , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Female , Humans , Mammary Glands, Human/metabolism , Mammary Glands, Human/physiology , Mammary Glands, Human/physiopathology , Mass Spectrometry , Middle Aged , Molecular Sequence Annotation , Proteins/metabolism , Reagent Strips , Solid Phase Extraction/methods , WaterABSTRACT
La presente guía de práctica clínica de cáncer de mama propone los procedimientos y tratamientos oncológicos que se aplican en los diversos establecimientos asistenciales que cuentan con servicios oncológicos, tanto públicos como privados. El contenido del presente documento orienta en su trabajo asistencial a lograr resultados de óptima calidad, ofreciendo diagnósticos más precisos y, por lo tanto, tratamientos más eficaces(AU)
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms , Mammary Glands, Human/physiopathology , Clinical Clerkship , PeruABSTRACT
La presente guía de práctica clínica de cáncer de mama propone los procedimientos y tratamientos oncológicos que se aplican en los diversos establecimientos asistenciales que cuentan con servicios oncológicos, tanto públicos como privados. El contenido del presente documento orienta en su trabajo asistencial a lograr resultados de óptima calidad, ofreciendo diagnósticos más precisos y, por lo tanto, tratamientos más eficaces