ABSTRACT
AIM: Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-14 and MMP-19 have been demonstrated to play an important role in the development of human gliomas. However, their prognostic values are not clear. The aim of this study was to investigate whether co-expression of MMP-14 and MMP-19 has prognostic relevance in human gliomas. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry and western blot were used to investigate the expression of MMP-14 and MMP-19 proteins in 128 patients with gliomas. RESULTS: The expression levels of MMP-14 and MMP-19 proteins in glioma tissues were both significantly higher (both P < 0.001) than those in non-neoplastic brain tissues according to the immunohistochemistry analysis, which was confirmed by the western blot analysis. Additionally, the overexpression of either MMP-14 or MMP-19 was significantly associated with the advanced WHO grade (both P = 0.02), the low Karnofsky performance score (KPS) (P = 0.008 and 0.01, respectively) and the poor overall survival (both P = 0.01). Moreover, the Multivariate Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis revealed that the increased expressions of MMP-14 and MMP-19 were both independent prognostic factors for poor overall survival (both P = 0.02). Furthermore, the co-expression of MMP-14 and MMP-19 was additively and more significantly (P = 0.006) associated with adverse prognosis in patients with gliomas than respective expression of MMP-14 and MMP-19. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicated for the first time that the co-expression of MMP-14 and MMP-19 is significantly correlated with prognosis in glioma patients, suggesting that the co-expression of these proteins may be used as both an early diagnostic and independent prognostic marker.
Subject(s)
Brain Neoplasms/metabolism , Glioma/metabolism , Matrix Metalloproteinase 14/biosynthesis , Matrix Metalloproteinases, Secreted/biosynthesis , Adult , Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis , Blotting, Western , Brain Neoplasms/mortality , Brain Neoplasms/pathology , Female , Glioma/mortality , Glioma/pathology , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Male , Matrix Metalloproteinase 14/analysis , Matrix Metalloproteinases, Secreted/analysis , Middle Aged , Prognosis , Proportional Hazards ModelsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To examine immunoexpression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-7 and -26 in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the tongue and its relation with cervical metastasis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-four cases were selected and divided into two groups: a metastatic group (n = 12) and a non-metastatic group (n = 12). Cases were graded as either negative (score 0), positive (score +) or strongly positive (score ++). RESULTS: MMP-7 expression was identical in both groups, with 17% of the cases graded as score 0, 50% as score + and 33% as score ++. MMP-26 expression was 25% score 0, 8% score + and 67% score ++ in the metastatic group, and 8% score 0, 50% score + and 42% score ++ in the non-metastatic group. Statistical analysis showed no differences between the studied groups and no correlations between proteins. CONCLUSIONS: MMP-7 and -26 immunostaining is not a useful indicator of the metastatic potential of SCCs of the tongue. However, the role of these proteins in the process of invasion and metastasis cannot be ruled out since their more marked presence along the tumor invasion front compared to more central areas of the tumors indicates higher secretion of these proteases in this region, facilitating the invasion process.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/enzymology , Matrix Metalloproteinase 7/genetics , Matrix Metalloproteinases, Membrane-Associated/genetics , Matrix Metalloproteinases, Secreted/genetics , Tongue Neoplasms/enzymology , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Female , Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic , Humans , Immunoenzyme Techniques , Lymphatic Metastasis , Male , Matrix Metalloproteinase 7/biosynthesis , Matrix Metalloproteinases, Membrane-Associated/biosynthesis , Matrix Metalloproteinases, Secreted/biosynthesis , Middle Aged , Statistics, Nonparametric , Tongue Neoplasms/genetics , Tongue Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to analyze the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 1, 7, and 26 in odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) associated with Gorlin syndrome (SOKCs) and nonsyndrome OKCs (NSOKCs). STUDY DESIGN: Twenty-one SOKCs and 20 NSOKCs were evaluated for epithelial expression of MMP-1, MMP-7, and MMP-26 and for mesenchymal expression of MMP-1 by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Strong epithelial positivity to MMP-1 was observed in 76% of SOKCs and in 15% of NSOKCs (P < .05). Strong mesenchymal immunoreactivity to MMP-1 was observed in 38% of SOKCs and in 20% of NSOKCs (P > .05). Epithelial immunoreactivity to MMP-7 was strongly positive in 67% of SOKCs and in 40% of NSOKCs (P > .05). For MMP-26, strong positivity was found in 62% of SOKCs, in contrast to 35% of NSOKCs (P > .05). CONCLUSION: MMPs-1, -7 and -26 may play important roles in the biology of OKCs. Furthermore, the presence of these proteases at higher levels in SOKCs may help to explain increased OKC aggressiveness associated with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome.