COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MEMORY AND BEHAVIORAL CHANGES AFTER RADON-CONTAINED MINERAL WATER INHALATION THERAPY IN AGED RATS.

This research article elucidates the pivotal role of radiopharmacy in the contemporary landscape, underscoring its potential therapeutic efficacy in addressing symptoms associated with aged-related neurocognitive processes. Clinical trials, characterized by the judicious application of modest radiation doses, exemplified by low-dose radon, have yielded affirmative outcomes in the amelioration of aged, related symptoms. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was conducted on an animal model. The effect of low doses of radon on cognitive processes is being studied by inhalation of randomized mineral water. Changes in the clinical picture were studied using behavioral tests, namely the Barnes maze tests. At the cellular level, radon-contained water inhalation causes different changes: in the fraction of synaptic membranes (determined by Na, K-ATPase activity), aged, related changes by telomerase activity and oxidative stress level changes. RESULTS: Our studies show that age-related changes in brain tissue are less noticeable after radon inhalation, namely, the concentration of amyloid plaques decreases in a group of aged rats after radon therapy. A significant improvement in cognitive function was observed after radon inhalation in aged rats. CONCLUSION: The results show that exposure to radon-containing mineral water leads to improved spatial perception, potentially improving age-related cognitive functions not only at the level of neurocognitive tests, but also changes at the level of cellular functioning.

Maternal linalool treatment protects against radiofrequency wave-induced deteriorations in adolescent rats: A behavioral and electrophysiological study.

Recent years, the rapid advancement of technology has raised concerns. We studied the effects of prenatal exposure to 900 MHz radiofrequency (RF) from mobile phones and the protective effects of linalool on learning and memory, and anxiety in adolescent male and female offspring rats. Pregnant rats were divided into four groups: control, wave, wave + linalool, and linalool. Rats received linalool (25mg/kg) by gavage for 21 days. Irradiation was conducted from day 0 to day 21 of pregnancy. Offsprings underwent behavioral and electrophysiological tests on days 50 and 60 after birth. Exposure to RF during pregnancy caused anxiety-like behavior in the EPM test and impairment of learning and memory in the Morris water maze and shuttle box tests. Electrophysiological properties and synaptic plasticity of the dorsal hippocampal CA3-CA1 synapse showed a decrease in fEPSP amplitude and slope. The trace element levels in both male and female offspring were consistent across all groups compared to their respective controls. In the hippocampus tissue, the levels of Fe, Cu, and Mn, as well as the Cu/Zn ratio, were significantly higher in the exposed groups (wave groups) compared to their controls. Moreover, Zn levels were significantly lower in the hippocampus tissue of the exposed groups. Linalool administration mitigated the excessive increase in Fe, Cu, Mn, and Cu/Zn ratio and normalized the disrupted levels of trace elements, except for Zn levels in both male and female offspring. Sex differences were observed in the EPM and shuttle box tests, females were more sensitive than males. In summary, our study demonstrates that prenatal exposure to mobile phone radiation induces stress-like behaviors, disrupts learning and memory, alters hippocampal electrophysiological properties and trace element balance in offspring. Treatment with linalool mitigates these deleterious effects, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic intervention. These findings contribute to our understanding of the impact of prenatal environmental exposures on neurodevelopment and offer insights into potential strategies for neuroprotection.

Optogenética: historia, fundamentos y relevancia presente y futura / Optogenetics: its history, fundamentals and relevance in the present and the past

Introducción. La optogenética es una técnica experimental que combina procedimientos de ingeniería genética y de física óptica para marcar neuronas específicas del cerebro y poder activarlas después a voluntad mediante rayos de luz de determinada frecuencia. Objetivo. Explicar a los lectores, especialmente a los no versados en genética, la historia, los fundamentos y las aplicaciones presentes y futuras de la optogenética en la investigación sobre el cerebro y los procesos mentales. Desarrollo. El desarrollo actual de esta técnica está permitiendo considerables avances en el conocimiento preciso sobre los circuitos neuronales que controlan conductas y estados motivacionales y cognitivos específicos, como el hambre y la sed, el dolor, el sueño, o el aprendizaje y la memoria. Entre los primeros resultados impactantes destacan los que han hecho posible la creación y el control cerebral de falsas memorias. Conclusiones. La optogenética es una técnica revolucionaria llamada a sustituir algunas de las técnicas clásicas en la investigación cerebral y a abrir un importante y nuevo camino en el desarrollo y control de los procesos mentales y en la terapia de sus patologías (AU)

Introduction. Optogenetic is an experimental technique that combines genetic engineering and optical physics procedures to mark specific neurons in the brain and activate them at will through rays of light of certain frequency. Aim. To explain, to readers not versed in genetics the history, the rationale and the present and future applications of optogenetic in brain and mental processes research. Development. The current development of this technique is allowing considerable advances in accurate knowledge about the neural circuits that control behavior and motivational and cognitive states, like hunger and thirst, pain, sleep or learning and memory. Among the first shocking results there are the creation and control of false memories. Conclusions. The optogenetics is a revolutionary experimental technique called to replace some of the classics techniques in brain behavior research and an important way in the development and control of mental processes and in the treatment of their diseases (AU)

Memoria e historia desafíos a las prácticas políticas de olvido en américa latina / Memory and history: challenges to the forgotten political practices in latin america

Memoria y olvido han sido, desde la emergencia de nuestra especie en este mundo, significantes que nombran el gran desafío de la supervivencia simbólica en el mundo de la vida. Es la constante lucha por registrar no sólo nuestra propia existencia sino un modo de transitarla, de construirla y vivirla, exorcizando así el fantasma del olvido; porque el olvido es el enemigo de la vida misma, es el nombre de las experiencias perdidas ¿Qué sería de nosotros si olvidáramos las experiencias – más allá de su belleza o dolor - y los aprendizajesque, muchas veces con gran esfuerzo, hemos caminado en este entrelazamiento entre la especie humana y el transcurrir del tiempo?.

Memory and oblivion have been, since the emergence of our species in this world, signifiers that named the great challenge of symbolic survival in the world of life. It is the constantstruggle to record not only our own existence, but a way to move it, build it and live it, thus exorcising the ghost of oblivion; because oblivion is the enemy of life itself, it is the name of the lost experience. What would become of us if we forget experiences - beyond theirbeauty or pain—and the learning that, many times with great effort, we have stepped into this entanglement between the human species and the passing of time?.

Amifostine ameliorates recognition memory defect in acute radiation syndrome caused by relatively low-dose of gamma radiation

This study examined whether amifostine (WR-2721) could attenuate memory impairment and suppress hippocampal neurogenesis in adult mice with the relatively low-dose exposure of acute radiation syndrome (ARS). These were assessed using object recognition memory test, the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling assay, and immunohistochemical markers of neurogenesis [Ki-67 and doublecortin (DCX)]. Amifostine treatment (214 mg/kg, i.p.) prior to irradiation significantly attenuated the recognition memory defect in ARS, and markedly blocked the apoptotic death and decrease of Ki-67- and DCX-positive cells in ARS. Therefore, amifostine may attenuate recognition memory defect in a relatively low-dose exposure of ARS in adult mice, possibly by inhibiting a detrimental effect of irradiation on hippocampal neurogenesis.

Spatial memory perfomance of wistar rats exposed to mobile phone

INTRODUCTION: With the tremendous increase in number of mobile phone users world wide, the possible risks of this technology have become a serious concern. OBJECTIVE: We tested the effects of mobile phone exposure on spatial memory performance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male Wistar rats (10-12 weeks old) were exposed to 50 missed calls/day for 4 weeks from a GSM (900/1800MHz) mobile phone in vibratory mode (no ring tone). After the experimental period, the animals were tested for spatial memory performance using the Morris water maze test. RESULTS: Both phone exposed and control animals showed a significant decrease in escape time with training. Phone exposed animals had significantly (~3 times) higher mean latency to reach the target quadrant and spent significantly (~2 times) less time in the target quadrant than age- and sex-matched controls. CONCLUSION: Mobile phone exposure affected the acquisition of learned responses in Wistar rats. This in turn points to the poor spatial navigation and the object place configurations of the phone-exposed animals.