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1.
Acta Parasitol ; 69(3): 1661-1673, 2024 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39162926

ABSTRACT

The recent discovery of disease caused by Nucleospora braziliensis in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is important as it has highlighted the high prevalence of infection and associated mortality in cultured fish. Thus, this study conducted an experimental infection of this microsporidium to evaluate pathological alterations and conduct proteomic analysis. For pathological observation, samples of brain, eyes, gall bladder, gut, heart, kidney, liver, muscle, skin, spleen, and stomach tissue, were collected, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was performed for proteomic analysis. The most prevalent lesions were brownish color of the liver, gill filament fusion, gut ischemia, hemorrhage of the lips and fins, hepatomegaly, spleen atrophy, splenomegaly, and stomach congestion. The most common microscopic lesions were degeneration, hemorrhage, and inflammation in the brain, gills, gut, kidney, liver, muscle, spleen, and stomach. The digested peptides were identified by LC-MS/MS and the intersection of each group showed that in the spleen there were 121 exclusive proteins in the infected sample and 252 in the control, while in the kidney, 129 proteins were identified in the infected specimen compared to 83 in the control. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the proteome profile of O. niloticus kidney and spleen tissue in response to infection with N. braziliensis.


Subject(s)
Cichlids , Fish Diseases , Microsporidiosis , Proteomics , Animals , Fish Diseases/microbiology , Fish Diseases/pathology , Microsporidiosis/veterinary , Microsporidiosis/pathology , Chromatography, Liquid , Proteome/analysis , Tandem Mass Spectrometry , Kidney/pathology , Kidney/microbiology , Spleen/pathology , Spleen/microbiology , Apansporoblastina/genetics
2.
Parasitology ; 143(1): 41-9, 2016 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26522338

ABSTRACT

A microsporidian infecting the skeletal muscle of hybrid jundiara (Leiarius marmoratus × Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum) in a commercial aquaculture facility in Brazil is described. Affected fish exhibited massive infections in the skeletal muscle that were characterized by large opaque foci throughout the affected fillets. Histologically, skeletal muscle was replaced by inflammatory cells and masses of microsporidial developmental stages. Generally pyriform spores had a wrinkled bi-layer spore wall and measured 4·0 × 6·0 µm. Multinucleate meronts surrounded by a simple plasma membrane were observed. The polar filament had an external membrane and a central electron dense mass. The development of sporoblasts within a sporophorous vesicle appeared synchronized. Ultrastructural observations and molecular analysis of 16S rDNA sequences revealed that the microsporidian was Pleistophora hyphessobryconis. This study is the first report of a P. hyphessobryconis infection in a non-ornamental fish.


Subject(s)
Catfishes/microbiology , Fish Diseases/microbiology , Microsporidiosis/veterinary , Pleistophora/classification , Animals , Aquaculture , Base Sequence , Brazil , Chimera , DNA, Fungal/chemistry , DNA, Fungal/genetics , DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry , DNA, Ribosomal/genetics , Fish Diseases/pathology , Microsporidiosis/microbiology , Microsporidiosis/pathology , Muscle, Skeletal/microbiology , Phylogeny , Pleistophora/genetics , Pleistophora/isolation & purification , Pleistophora/ultrastructure , Sequence Analysis, DNA/veterinary
3.
In. Cabrera Alonso, Susana G; Arteta Dalchiele, Zaida; Medina Presentado, Julio C. Pautas para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de las infecciones oportunistas en pacientes con VIH: manual de práctica clínica. Montevideo, UdelaR. Facultad de Medicina, 2016. p.175-182.
Monography in Spanish | BVSNACUY | ID: bnu-181323
4.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin ; 23(4): 218-20, 2005 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15826547

ABSTRACT

This study involved ninety five formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded duodenal biopsy specimens retrieved from hospital files that were microscopically observed for the presence of microsporidia. Eleven samples that revealed compatible organisms were analyzed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with four different protocols for the detection of Enterocytozoon bieneusi. Amplicons of the right size were obtained by at least one method for nine samples, remaining two negative ones. We report a PCR methodology that allows the use of archival specimens obtained for traditional pathology.


Subject(s)
DNA, Protozoan/isolation & purification , Diarrhea/parasitology , Duodenum/parasitology , Enterocytozoon/isolation & purification , Microsporidiosis/diagnosis , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Biopsy , DNA, Protozoan/genetics , Diarrhea/pathology , Duodenum/drug effects , Duodenum/pathology , Electrophoresis, Agar Gel , Enterocytozoon/genetics , Formaldehyde/pharmacology , Humans , Microsporidiosis/parasitology , Microsporidiosis/pathology , Paraffin Embedding , Specimen Handling , Tissue Fixation , Tissue Preservation
5.
J Comp Pathol ; 131(4): 330-3, 2004 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15511541

ABSTRACT

Loma salmonae, an obligate intracellular microsporidian parasite, is the causal agent of microsporidial gill disease of salmon (MGDS), characterized by the production, growth and eventual rupture of spore-filled xenomas. MGDS in farmed chinook salmon remains occult until xenoma rupture, at which time the infected fish respond with intense branchitis and high rates of mortality. The present study showed that in experimentally infected fish the rate of change of xenoma diameter could be modelled through regression analysis, particularly through the period of 4-9 weeks post-infection, yielding the predictive equation: xenoma diameter=-42.9 microns +15.3 microns x (number of weeks post-infection). This provides a tool for diagnosticians to predict the time to xenoma rupture and hence to the initiation of the clinical phase of MGDS.


Subject(s)
Fish Diseases/parasitology , Gills/parasitology , Microsporidia/growth & development , Microsporidiosis/veterinary , Oncorhynchus/parasitology , Protozoan Infections, Animal/parasitology , Animals , Fish Diseases/pathology , Fish Diseases/transmission , Gills/pathology , Microsporidiosis/parasitology , Microsporidiosis/pathology , Protozoan Infections, Animal/pathology , Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
6.
Rev. méd. Urug ; 18(3): 251-255, dic. 2002. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BNUY | ID: lil-694288

ABSTRACT

Los microsporidios son protozoarios conocidos desde hace mucho tiempo como causantes de plagas en invertebrados y vertebrados. En la década de 1980 se les reconoce como agentes etiológicos de diarrea en VIH-sida y posteriormente en trasplantados renales así como en personas inmunocompetentes (diarrea del viajero). El objetivo de este trabajo es comunicar el primer hallazgo de estos agentes en un paciente VIH-sida y contribuir al conocimiento de las características patogénicas y diagnósticas más importantes de los microsporidios. En 1998 en el Departamento de Parasitología se implementaron las técnicas de coloración para microsporidios, gram-cromotrope y tricrómica. El primer hallazgo se observó en un paciente VIH-sida, con diarrea de nueve meses de evolución; no se realizó tratamiento específico ya que concomitantemente presentaba una meningoencefalitis criptococócica, la que precipitó su fallecimiento. El reconocimiento de estos agentes oportunistas como causa de diarrea en Uruguay, contribuye al diagnóstico etiológico de la diarrea crónica en pacientes VIH-sida. En adelante, las coloraciones específicas de microsporidios deberían ser incluidas en el algoritmo diagnóstico para enteroparasitosis en grupos de riesgo.


Summary Microsporidia are protozoan parasites found in vertebrates and invertebrates. In the 80's they were recognized as a cause of diarrhea in HIV-AIDS patients and lately in patients with renal transplantation and immunocompetent patients (traveler's diarrhea). The objective of this paper is to communicate the first founding of this agent in a patient with HIV-AIDS and to contribute to determine the most important pathogenic and diagnostic characteristics of microsporidia. In 1998 the Parasitoloy Departament implemented colouring techniques for microsporidia, gram-chromotrope and trichrome. The first founding was observed in a HIV-AIDS patient with a 9 month-course of diarrhea; specific treatment was not performed since the patient carried a concomitant cryptococcal meningoencephalitis, that provoked his death. Recognition of theses oportunist agents as a cause of diarrhea in Uruguay contribute to determine the aetiologic diagnosis of chronic diarrhea in patients with HIV-AIDS. Specific colouring techniques should be incorporated in diagnosis algorithm for enteroparasitosis in risk groups.


Résumé Les microsporidiens ce sont des protozoaires connus depuis longtemps en tant que responsables de certains fléaux chez les vertébrés et les invertébrés. Aux années 80, on les reconnaît comme agents étiologiques de diarrhée en VIH-sida et quelque temps après, chez des greffés rénaux ainsi que chez des personnes immunocompétentes (diarrhée du voyageur). Le but de ce travail est de communiquer la première trouvaille de ces agents chez un patient VIH-sida ainsi que de contribuer à la connaissance des caractéristiques pathogéniques et diagnostiques les plus importantes de ces protozoaires. En 1998, au Département de Parasitologie, on a utilisé les techniques de coloration pour microsporidiens, gram-chromotrope et thrichomona. La première observation a été faite chez un patient VIH-sida, avec diarrhée de neuf mois d'évolution; aucun traitement spécifique n'a été fait puisqu'il présentait une méningo-encéphalite cryptococcose qui a accéléré sa mort. Le repérage de ces agents opportunistes responsables de diarrhée en Uruguay, contribue au diagnostique étiolo-gique de la diarrhée chronique chez des patients VIH-sida. Désormais, les colorations spécifiques de miscrospori-diens devarient être inclues parmi les techniques diagnostiques pour entéro-parasitoses dans des groupes de risque.


Subject(s)
Microsporidiosis/diagnosis , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , Microsporidiosis/pathology
7.
Rev. gastroenterol. Méx ; Rev. gastroenterol. Méx;64(2): 70-4, abr.-jun. 1999. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-258950

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes. Microsporidium sp. se ha considerado una causa poco frecuente de diarrea en pacientes con SIDA. Sin embargo, el uso de algunas tinciones histoquímicas en la evaluación de las biopsias de intestino delgado, ha evidenciado incremento en su prevalencia. En México no existe información sobre la prevalencia y las características anatomoclínicas de este patógeno. Diseño. Se revisaron 98 biopsias de intestino delgado teñidas con HE y Giemsa de pacientes con SIDA y diarrea crónica (enero 1987-diciembre 1994). La información clínica y de laboratorio se obtuvo de los expedientes clínicos. Resultados. En 50 pacientes se identificaron patógenos oportunistas en las biopsias de intestino delgado. Microsporidium sp. se identificó en 30 pacientes (prevalencia de 31 por ciento). En 24 de 30 se obtuvo información del expediente clínico. Todos los pacientes (17/24 hombres, 7/24 mujeres) se encontraba en estadio C3 de SIDA con edad promedio de 33 años. Los factores de riesgo para SIDA fueron homosexualidad en hombre y transfusiones en mujeres. Se identificó nivel socioeconómico bajo en 75 por ciento de los casos. La manifestación inicial de SIDA fue diarrea en 67 por ciento. La cuenta de CD4 fue < 200/mm3 en 13/24 y > 200/mm3 en 2/24. Los exámenes de heces y la interpretación inicial de la biopsia fue negativa para Microsporidium sp. En la revisión de las biopsias, se identificó inflamación linfoplasmocitaria con eosinófilos y atrofia intestinal en un alto porcentaje de casos. Las esporas se tiñeron de color rojo pálido. Conclusión. Microsporidium sp. fue frecuente en pacientes de nivel socioeconómico bajo, en estadio C3 de SIDA con cifras de CD4<200 mm3. La tinción de Giemsa es un método útil y barato para la identificación de esporas y merontes de Microsporidium sp


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/parasitology , Azure Stains , Diarrhea/parasitology , Intestine, Small/parasitology , Intestine, Small/pathology , Microsporida/cytology , Microsporida/isolation & purification , Microsporidiosis/parasitology , Microsporidiosis/pathology , Biopsy , Chronic Disease
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