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1.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 22(12): 3841-3848, Dez. 2017. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-890241

ABSTRACT

Resumo As minorias encontram-se em uma posição de inferioridade na sociedade e, por isso, são vulneráveis em vários aspectos. Este estudo analisa a vulnerabilidade legislativa e visa categorizar como "fraca" ou "forte" a proteção conferida pela lei às minorias: idoso, deficiente, LGBT, índio, mulher, criança/adolescente e negros. Para tanto, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa documental em que se buscou, em 30 leis federais, dispositivos legais que conferissem proteção às minorias. Em seguida, os artigos foram organizados nas categorias: cível, criminal, administrativo, trabalhista e processual para, posteriormente, serem analisados. Considerou-se a proteção jurídica como "forte" quando houvesse dispositivos legais que contemplassem as cinco categorias, e "fraca", a que não atendia esse critério. Observou-se que seis grupos possuem uma proteção legislativa "forte", o que elide a afirmação de que as minorias estão à margem da lei. A exceção é o grupo LGBT, cujo amparo legal é "fraco" Ademais, consagrar direitos por meio de leis reforça os canais institucionais para que as minorias exijam seus direitos. Por fim, observou- se que o amparo legislativo conferido às minorias não é homogêneo e sim é discriminatório, além de existir uma interferência do grupo majoritário na regulação dos direitos dos grupos vulneráveis.


Abstract Minorities are in an inferior position in society and therefore vulnerable in many aspects. This study analyzes legislative vulnerability and aims to categorize as "weak" or "strong" the protection conferred by law to the following minorities: elderly, disabled, LGBT, Indians, women, children/ adolescents and black people. In order to do so, it was developed a documental research in 30 federal laws in which legal provisions were searched to protect minorities. Next, the articles were organized in the following categories: civil, criminal, administrative, labor and procedural, to be analyzed afterwards. Legal protection was considered "strong" when there were legal provisions that observed the five categories and "weak" when it did not meet this criterion. It was noted that six groups have "strong" legislative protection, which elides the assertion that minorities are outside the law. The exception is the LGBT group, whose legislative protection is weak. In addition, consecrating rights through laws strengthens the institutional channels for minorities to demand their rights. Finally, it was observed that the legislative protection granted tominorities is not homogeneous but rather discriminatory, and there is an interference by the majority group in the rights regulation of vulnerable groups.


Subject(s)
Humans , Vulnerable Populations/legislation & jurisprudence , Human Rights/legislation & jurisprudence , Minority Groups/legislation & jurisprudence , Brazil , Federal Government , Government Regulation
2.
Rev. bioét. derecho ; (36): 5-22, 2016.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-149260

ABSTRACT

Este artículo analizará ciertas problemáticas sexuales y reproductivas en poblaciones que han sido tradicionalmente postergadas. Se pasará revista a la actual legislación del aborto, a leyes que atañen a las personas lesbianas, gay, bisexual y transgénero (LGBT) respecto del matrimonio igualitario y la identidad de género y a la legislación recientemente sancionada respecto de las técnicas de reproducción asistida (TRA). En estos tres casos se enfrentaron serios desafíos para su regulación. El artículo explicitará que aunque algunas legislaciones son sumamente progresistas e innovadoras, aquellas que conciernen al aborto mantienen el estatus quo y una mirada conservadora. Se argumentará que en la Argentina existe un notable doble estándar en relación a las mujeres y sus derechos sexuales y reproductivos. Y que hay una discriminación muy fuerte, especialmente, hacia las mujeres pobres. Éstas son postergadas, silenciadas y olvidadas (AU)


This article examines the direction the laws have taken in three related "non-traditional" areas. The first one will consider the current situation of abortion, the second will analyze the legislative changes concerning some marginalized populations - the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) collective. It will focus on same sex marriage and gender identity. Finally it will consider a set of practices that has also been highly questioned and faced significant legal challenges as assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs). The article will show that even if in recent years some of these legislations are innovative and respectful of human rights, those regarding abortion maintain status quo and continue endorsing a conservative view. Thus it will argue that there is a double‐standard towards the sexual and reproductive rights of women. This is specially the case for scarce resources women who are postponed, silenced and forgotten (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Reproductive Rights/legislation & jurisprudence , Abortion , Homosexuality , Reproductive Techniques, Assisted/legislation & jurisprudence , Argentina , Minority Groups/legislation & jurisprudence , Reproductive Rights , Social Discrimination , Marriage/legislation & jurisprudence
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