ABSTRACT
The potential of oral exposure to calcium and magnesium citrate, a natural product obtained from dolomite, to initiate teratogenesis was analyzed in Wistar rats. Animals received calcium and magnesium citrate oral doses of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg during the period of gestation from day 6 to 17 post conception. Maternal, embryo and fetal toxicity was evaluated. Calcium and magnesium citrate exposure did not produce maternal toxicity assessed by clinical observations, body weight gain, food intake, hematology, biochemical parameters and necropsy finding. Signs of embryo-fetal toxicity were not observed. Skeletal and visceral malformations were seen occasionally in all drug-treated and control groups. Skeletal and visceral variations were similar in control and drug-treated groups except for incomplete ossification rib. These finding was spontaneous and unrelated to the drug. In conclusion, in this study we found that the oral exposure to rats of up to 1000 mg/kg of calcium and magnesium citrate during organogenesis did not induce significant maternal and embryo-fetal toxicity. The experimentally derived NOAEL for developmental toxicity was 1000 mg/kg.
Subject(s)
Calcium Citrate/toxicity , Citric Acid/toxicity , Maternal Exposure/adverse effects , Organogenesis/drug effects , Organometallic Compounds/toxicity , Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/chemically induced , Animals , Calcium Carbonate/chemistry , Calcium Citrate/isolation & purification , Citric Acid/isolation & purification , Dietary Supplements , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Embryonic Development/drug effects , Endpoint Determination , Female , Fetal Development/drug effects , Magnesium/chemistry , Musculoskeletal Abnormalities/chemically induced , Musculoskeletal Abnormalities/embryology , No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level , Organometallic Compounds/isolation & purification , Pregnancy , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Ribs/abnormalities , Ribs/drug effects , Ribs/embryologyABSTRACT
Se evaluaron 11 pacientes con sindrome de Sprengel, tratados quirurgicamente con la tecnica de Woodward, en el Centro de Escoliosis del Hospital de Niños "Dr. Ricardo Gutierrez". Se realizan consideraciones sobre la embriologia, patologia, evaluacion clinica y tratamiento quirurgico de este tipo de deformidad vertebral
Subject(s)
Scapula/abnormalities , Musculoskeletal Abnormalities/embryology , Musculoskeletal Abnormalities/etiology , Musculoskeletal Abnormalities/pathology , Musculoskeletal Abnormalities/diagnostic imaging , Musculoskeletal Abnormalities/classification , Argentina , Cervical Vertebrae/abnormalities , ScoliosisABSTRACT
Se evaluaron 11 pacientes con sindrome de Sprengel, tratados quirurgicamente con la tecnica de Woodward, en el Centro de Escoliosis del Hospital de Niños "Dr. Ricardo Gutierrez". Se realizan consideraciones sobre la embriologia, patologia, evaluacion clinica y tratamiento quirurgico de este tipo de deformidad vertebral