ABSTRACT
Pier Antonio Micheli nació en Florencia, Italia, en el año 1697. Fue un destacado científico, botánico y se le considera el padre de la micología. Dedicó su vida a la taxonomía y al estudio de especies no conocidas de plantas, hongos y líquenes. En 1729 publicó el libro Nova Plantarum Genera, donde describió 1900 plantas, entre las que se encontraban 900 hongos y líquenes. Aquí describió especies de hongos como Botrytis, Mucor y Aspergillus, las cuales tienen importancia en patología médica, animal y vegetal hasta el día de hoy. Murió el 1 de enero de 1737, en su natal Florencia, de una enfermedad pulmonar cuya causa no está bien clara. El legado de Micheli sigue presente y constituye un ejemplo para todos aquellos que se dedican al difícil arte de la taxonomía en sus distintas áreas y en especial a la micología
Pier Antonio Micheli was born in Florence, Italy, in 1697. He was a prominent scientist, botanist and is considered the father of mycology. He dedicated his life to taxonomy and the study of unknown species of plants, fungi, and lichens. In 1729 he published the book Nova Plantarum Genera, where he described 1900 plants, including 900 fungi and lichens. There he described fangal species such as Botrytis, Mucor and Aspergillus, wich are of importance in medical, animal, and plant pathology to this day. He died on January 1, 1737, in his native Florence, due to a lung disease whose cause is unclear. Micheli's legacy is still present, constituting an example for all those who are dedicated to the difficult art of taxonomy in its different areas, especially to mycology.
Subject(s)
History, 18th Century , Aspergillus/classification , Mycology/history , ItalyABSTRACT
Brazilian medical mycology considerably expanded in the last decades due to the efforts of several pioneers who started and expanded mycology during the twentieth century. In this manuscript, we highlight some of the contributions of one of these pioneers: Professor Luiz R. Travassos, who started his career in the field of microbiology in the 1960s. We will discuss his contributions to the areas of medical mycology and glycobiology, with a focus on glycosphingolipids, sialic acids, and surface enzymes.
Subject(s)
Mycology , Mycology/history , BrazilABSTRACT
La mayoría de las mujeres que realizan ciencia en Chile y en otros países, son mujeres invisibles para la sociedad. Muchas mujeres que realizaron grandes esfuerzos para estudiar una carrera científica a la que dedicaron toda su vida, son olvidadas al momento de su retiro o de su muerte. Esto incluye a micólogas que vivieron o estuvieron de paso en nuestro país en el siglo XX y que realizaron grandes aportes al conocimiento de esta disciplina, comúnmente conocida como el estudio de los hongos y de especies afines. En esta revisión bibliográfica, se dan a conocer algunos nombres de las micólogas o de científicas que contribuyeron de manera significativa al desarrollo de la Micología Chilena durante el siglo XX, época donde en nuestro país la Micología era más desarrollada por hombres que por mujeres. Gran parte de las micólogas que mencionamos han fallecido, pero no por ello debemos olvidar quiénes fueron, al contrario, es importante conocer su historia que podría ser inspiradora para las próximas generaciones de mujeres micólogas en nuestro país. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , History, 20th Century , Women/history , Mycology/history , ChileSubject(s)
Mycology/history , Agaricales , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Humans , Male , Research/historyABSTRACT
En el marco del 80 aniversario del Instituto de Medicina Tropical Pedro Kourí, se exponen en apretada síntesis, las actividades más relevantes en el campo del diagnóstico, la investigación y la docencia desarrolladas hasta el momento por el Laboratorio de Micología de la referida institución. A 38 años de su creación, este sigue siendo uno de los pocos lugares en Cuba que se desempeña en este campo y que se reconoce por los logros científico-técnicos alcanzados. Sin lugar a duda, estos responden básicamente al cuadro de salud nacional, sin descuidar el entorno regional y mundial. Todos los resultados que se exponen, se encuentran sustentados por más de 100 publicaciones y otras obras científicas, lo que avala la calidad y rigor del trabajo desplegado. Sirva este artículo para homenajear al fundador del Instituto de Medicina Tropical Pedro Kourí y a todos los científicos que en el transcurso de estos años contribuyeron a engrandecer su nombre(AU)
In the framework of the 80th anniversary of Pedro Kouri Tropical Medicine Institute, a succinct presentation is provided of the most relevant activities in the fields of diagnosis, research and teaching so far performed by the Mycology Laboratory at the Institute. Thirty-eight years after its founding, the Laboratory continues to be one of the few places in Cuba devoted to this field and recognized for its scientific and technical achievements, which no doubt essentially respond to the national health status, without neglecting the regional and global environment. All the results presented are endorsed by over 100 publications and scientific works, which is evidence of the quality and rigor of the work done. May this paper be a tribute to the founder of Pedro Kouri Tropical Medicine Institute and all the scientists who have brought prestige to its name throughout these years(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Tropical Medicine/history , Clinical Laboratory Techniques/history , Mycology/history , Mycoses/epidemiology , Disease OutbreaksABSTRACT
Destacado dermatólogo, el doctor Julio V. Uriburu propició el estudio de las afecciones micóticas en nuestro medio. Realizamos una breve actualización del diagnóstico y tratamiento de tiñas de cuero cabelludo.
Dr. Julio V. Uriburu was a very important specialist in skin disorders. He worked in the investigation of micotics infections of hair and scalp disorders. We did a review of diagnostic and treatment of tinea capitis.
Subject(s)
Mycology/history , Tinea Capitis/diagnosis , Tinea Capitis/drug therapy , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Dermatology/history , Dermatologists/history , Tinea Capitis/therapy , Retrospective Studies , Observational StudySubject(s)
Mycology , Agaricales/classification , Biodiversity , Ecology/history , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Humans , Mexico , Mycology/historyABSTRACT
El objetivo general de esta investigación fue comprender algunos de los acontecimientos históricos que posibilitaron la instauración, difusión y apropiación de la micología médica en Colombia entre 1930 y 1970. Para ello se consultaron revistas científicas y tesis en diferentes bibliotecas, centros documentales y archivos históricos de Medellín y de Bogotá. Se incluyen en el informe los diferentes problemas enfrentados por los médicos y el personal de laboratorio para la clasificación taxonómica de los hongos, la relación entre la micología y la dermatología, el desarrollo del estudio de las micosis sistémicas y el papel de algunas personas en la institucionalización de la micología médica.
The overall objective of this research was to understand the events that made possible the creation, diffusion and appropriation of medical mycology in Colombia between 1930 and 1970. It was based on the review of scientific journals and theses in different libraries, archives and documentation centers in Medellin and Bogota. The report includes the different problems faced by physicians and laboratory personnel concerning the classification of fungi, the relationship between dermatology and mycology, the development of the study of systemic mycoses and the role played by some persons in the institutionalization of medical mycology.
Subject(s)
History, 20th Century , Mycology/classification , Mycology/history , Mycoses , ColombiaABSTRACT
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are grouped in a monophyletic group, the phylum Glomeromycota. In this review, the history and complexity of the taxonomy and systematics of these obligate biotrophs is addressed by recognizing four periods. The initial discovery period (1845-1974) is characterized by description mainly of sporocarp-forming species and the proposal of a classification for these fungi. The following alpha taxonomy period (1975-1989) established a solid morphological basis for species identification and classification, resulting in a profuse description of new species and a need to standardize the nomenclature of spore subcellular structures. The cladistics period from 1990 to 2000 saw the first cladistic classification of AMF based on phenotypic characters only. At the end of this period, genetic characters played a role in defining taxa and elucidating evolutionary relationships within the group. The most recent phylogenetic synthesis period (2001 to present) started with the proposal of a new classification based on genetic characters using sequences of the multicopy rRNA genes.
Subject(s)
Glomeromycota/classification , Mycology/history , Mycorrhizae/classification , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , History, 21st CenturySubject(s)
Agaricales/classification , Mycology/history , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , MexicoSubject(s)
Mycology/methods , Mycology/history , Dermatomycoses , Fungi/classification , Fungi/physiology , Fungi/pathogenicity , MycosesSubject(s)
Humans , Antifungal Agents , Culture Media , Mycology/classification , Mycology/education , Mycology/history , Mycology/methods , Actinomycosis , Bacteria , Fungi , MycosesSubject(s)
Mycology/methods , Mycology/history , Dermatomycoses , Fungi/classification , Fungi/physiology , Fungi/pathogenicity , MycosesABSTRACT
Coccidioidomycosis was first discovered by a medical student in Argentina in 1892, and knowledge about the infection mostly arose from observations of clinicians and scientists in California, primarily at Stanford University Medical Center. Some discoveries came by chance. Many others arose from careful epidemiologic and clinical investigations in the San Joaquin Valley during the 1930s, when people migrated there from the "Dust Bowl" of the Midwest, and during the 1940s, when the events of World War II brought military recruits, prisoners of war, and persons of Japanese descent to camps and other areas of endemicity. Especially impressive were the contributions of Charles E. Smith, who tirelessly studied this disease throughout his professional career.