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1.
BJOG ; 131 Suppl 2: 17-27, 2024 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38986678

ABSTRACT

AIM: To develop evidence-based clinical algorithms for the assessment and management of spontaneous, uncomplicated labour and vaginal birth. POPULATION: Pregnant women at any stage of labour, with singleton, term pregnancies considered to be at low risk of developing complications. SETTING: Health facilities in low- and middle-income countries. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched for relevant published algorithms, guidelines, systematic reviews and primary research studies on Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Google on terms related to spontaneous, uncomplicated labour and childbirth up to 01 June 2023. CASE SCENARIOS: Three case scenarios were developed to cover assessments and management for spontaneous, uncomplicated first, second and third stage of labour. The algorithms provide pathways for definition, assessments, diagnosis, and links to other algorithms in this series for management of complications. CONCLUSIONS: We have developed three clinical algorithms to support evidence-based decision making during spontaneous, uncomplicated labour and vaginal birth. These algorithms may help guide health care staff to institute respectful care, appropriate interventions where needed, and potentially reduce the unnecessary use of interventions during labour and childbirth.


Subject(s)
Algorithms , Labor, Obstetric , Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Delivery, Obstetric/methods , Parturition , Obstetric Labor Complications/therapy , Obstetric Labor Complications/diagnosis
2.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38902106

ABSTRACT

Labour care must balance aspirations of parents with vigilance for unanticipated calamities. The 'on-site midwife-led primary care birth unit' facilitates this. The World Health Organization have replaced the traditional partograph with the 'Labour Care Guide'. An implementation project in Botswana included the mnemonic COPE: Companion, Oral fluids, Pain relief and Eliminate the supine position. The Parto-Ma project in Tanzania used guidelines, training and support to improve childbirth outcomes. We list labour practices supported by recent evidence, and highlight new developments. Foetal macrosomia increases risk but mistaken diagnosis increases caesarean births. Obstructed labour is a complex clinical diagnosis, and is difficult to predict. For shoulder dystocia prioritise delivery of the posterior shoulder, facilitated if needed by posterior axilla sling traction. 'Extended balloon labour induction' with two or three Foley catheters side by side, may reduce risks associated with uterine stimulants. Bedside ultrasound may facilitate the diagnosis of cephalic malpositions and malpresentations.


Subject(s)
Developing Countries , Labor Stage, First , Labor Stage, Second , Humans , Pregnancy , Female , Delivery, Obstetric/methods , Midwifery , Obstetric Labor Complications/therapy , Obstetric Labor Complications/diagnosis , Tanzania , Dystocia/therapy , Dystocia/diagnosis , Botswana
3.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med ; 37(1): 2352088, 2024 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38735870

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: In the present study, we sought to identify risk factors for umbilical cord prolapse (UCP) and adapt the multidisciplinary team (MDT) first-aid simulation training for UCP patients. We evaluated the usefulness of the MDT first-aid simulation by comparing delivery outcomes for UCP patients before and after its implementation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted on 149 UCP cases (48 overt and 101 occult) and 298 control deliveries that occurred at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 1998 to December 2022. Patient data were compared between the groups. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for means comparison, and the chi-square test was used for categorical data. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors significantly associated with UCP. RESULTS: Overt UCP was strongly associated with all adverse delivery outcomes. Both univariate and multivariate analyses identified multiparity, breech presentation, polyhydramnios, and low birth weight as independent risk factors for overt UCP (all odds ratios [OR] > 1; all p < 0.05). Preterm labor and abnormal placental cord insertion were identified as independent risk factors for occult UCP (all OR > 1; all p < 0.05). After 2014, when obstetrical staff received MDT first-aid simulation training, patients with overt UCP experienced shorter decision-to-delivery intervals due to more timely cesarean sections. They also had higher Apgar scores at 1, 5, and 10 min, and lower admission rates to the neonatal intensive care unit compared to patients before 2014 (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: MDT first-aid simulation training for overt UCP can improve neonatal outcomes. However, medical simulation training efforts should initially focus on the early identification of risk factors for both overt and occult UCP.


Overt umbilical cord prolapse (UCP) is an obstetric emergency that can lead to adverse delivery outcomes. Early identification of risk factors for both overt and occult UCP is beneficial for facilitating early interventions. Multidisciplinary team first-aid simulation training specifically for overt UCP has been shown to effectively improve neonatal outcomes.


Subject(s)
Patient Care Team , Simulation Training , Umbilical Cord , Humans , Female , Prolapse , Retrospective Studies , Pregnancy , Risk Factors , Simulation Training/methods , Infant, Newborn , Adult , Case-Control Studies , Pregnancy Outcome/epidemiology , Obstetric Labor Complications/therapy , Obstetric Labor Complications/epidemiology
4.
J. coloproctol. (Rio J., Impr.) ; 42(1): 77-84, Jan.-Mar. 2022. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1375760

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Anal incontinence is defined as the loss of voluntary control of fecal matter or gases with a recurrence period longer than 3 months in individuals aged ≥ 4 years; it has a female predominance. Among the treatment modalities is pelvic physiotherapy, the second line of treatment, which promotes the reeducation, coordination, and strengthening of the muscles of the pelvic floor to enable patients to return to their regular activities of daily living. Objective: To perform a systematic review on the physiotherapeutic treatments used in women between the ages of 18 and 65 years with a diagnosis of anal incontinence. Material and methods Clinical studies written in Portuguese, Spanish and English were searched on the the following databases: Science Direct, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline) via PubMed, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), and Scopus. Results: Of the 998 articles found, only 4 studies met the inclusion criteria of the present systematic review. The physiotherapeutic approaches to treat women with anal incontinence are biofeedback, Kegel exercises, electrostimulation, and training of the pelvic floor muscles. The average score on the PEDro scale was of 6.25, which indicates that the methodological quality was good. Conclusion: Although pelvic physiotherapy is effective to treat anal incontinence, it must be promoted through the performance of evidence-based scientific research. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Physical Therapy Modalities , Fecal Incontinence/rehabilitation , Obstetric Labor Complications/therapy , Fecal Incontinence/etiology
5.
Gac. sanit. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 35(supl. 2): S216-S220, 2021. tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-220943

ABSTRACT

Objective: The purpose of this study will be to review several studies regarding the repair or treatment of perineal tears after vaginal delivery. This is expected to be an update for a midwife in daily caring. Methods: Two electronic databases (PubMed and Sciencedirect) were searched to locate relevant literature about perineal tears/wound/laceration/trauma that is published in 2016–2021. 124 Pubmed articles and 452 ScienceDirect articles filtered successfully. The articles that have been obtained will be evaluated based on the inclusion criteria in this study. We summarize place and date, objective, design, samples, the measurement used, and research results. Results: 9 articles were found that matched the inclusion criteria. Three articles examined the effect of the type of suture on perineal pain, and another 6 discussed therapy to reduce the adverse effects of perineal tears. The therapies used are far-infrared radiation therapy, capacitive-resistive radiofrequency therapy, pelvic floor muscle training in early postpartum, cold therapy, and treatment with TheresienOl (natural oil). Conclusion: Sutures and technique/suturing second-degree perineal tears or a postpartum episiotomy can affect perineal pain. Cold gel pad therapy and treatment with natural oil on perineal wounds can affect perineal pain and wound healing. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Obstetric Labor Complications/therapy , Parturition , Delivery, Obstetric , Episiotomy , Perineum/injuries , Perineum/surgery
6.
Arch. Soc. Esp. Oftalmol ; 95(9): 447-450, sept. 2020. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-201786

ABSTRACT

Describir los signos clínicos y el manejo del desprendimiento de la membrana de Descemet (MD) secundario a un traumatismo relacionado con fórceps durante el parto. Un recién nacido a término de 2 días de edad se presentó con opacidad corneal del ojo derecho y antecedentes de parto con fórceps. La evaluación oftalmológica fue consistente para traumatismo corneal, y en la tomografía de coherencia óptica del segmento anterior (OCT-SA Visante®) se objetivó un desprendimiento de la membrana de Descemet (MD). El tratamiento tópico prolongado redujo considerablemente el edema, y después de 4 meses con este, el desprendimiento persistía en su porción superior, la inyección de aire en la cámara anterior llegado a este punto tampoco logró la reaplicación. El eje visual se mantuvo parcialmente transparente durante los meses siguientes, y se indicó terapia visual intensiva para evitar la ambliopía. El tratamiento tópico prolongado puede ser útil para reducir el edema y el riesgo de ambliopía severa en las lesiones de la MD secundarias al traumatismo por fórceps durante el parto, pero puede ser insuficiente en casos donde coexista también un desprendimiento de esta


To describe the clinical signs and management of Descemet membrane (DM) detachment after forceps-related trauma during birth. A 2-day-old term infant presented with right eye corneal clouding and history of forceps assisted delivery. Ophthalmic assessment was consistent for corneal trauma and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT Visante®) revealed DM detachment. Prolonged topical treatment considerably reduced edema, but after four months of treatment superior DM detachment persisted, anterior chamber air injection at this point also failed to achieve apposition. Central visual axis remained partially spared in the months to follow, and intensive amblyopia treatment was indicated. Prolonged topical treatment may be helpful to reduce edema and risk of severe amblyopia in DM tears secondary to forceps traumatism at birth, but insufficient in cases of large DM detachment


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Descemet Membrane/injuries , Corneal Edema/etiology , Corneal Opacity/etiology , Obstetrical Forceps/adverse effects , Descemet Membrane/surgery , Descemet Membrane/diagnostic imaging , Corneal Edema/diagnostic imaging , Corneal Opacity/diagnostic imaging , Corneal Opacity/surgery , Obstetric Labor Complications/therapy , Dexamethasone/therapeutic use , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Timolol/therapeutic use , Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/therapeutic use , Cyclopentolate/therapeutic use , Tomography, Optical Coherence
7.
In. Breto García, Andrés; Piloto Padrón, Mercedes. Guías de actuación en las afecciones obstétricas frecuentes. La Habana, ECIMED, 2017. , tab, ilus.
Monography in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-68722
8.
Matronas prof ; 12(4): 104-109, oct.-dic. 2011. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-139592

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La incidencia de la presentación fetal podálica en España es del 3,8%. La moxibustión es parte integral de la milenaria medicina tradicional china. La técnica consiste en la colocación de un palillo incandescente de Artemisia vulgaris a unos pocos centímetros del punto de acupuntura Zhiyin (punto 67 del meridiano de vejiga, ubicado en la base externa de la uña del quinto dedo del pie). Los objetivos son: 1. Conocer el porcentaje de fetos que han rotado a cefálica mediante la moxibustión en gestantes que presenten una malposición fetal a partir de las 32 semanas de embarazo; 2. Identificar las complicaciones materno-fetales en la aplicación de la técnica. Sujetos: Se estudiaron 18 gestantes de más de 32 semanas de embarazo. Material y métodos: Mediante un estudio descriptivo de intervención, analizamos el porcentaje de fetos que rotaron a presentación cefálica. Resultados: Quince gestantes (83,9%) realizaron el tratamiento adecuadamente y las 3 restantes (16,7%) lo realizaron de manera ocasional y terminaron con una cesárea electiva por nalgas. Conclusiones: Parece razonable concluir que el cumplimiento del tratamiento influye en el tipo de parto (χ2= 12,600; gl= 1; p= 0,000), aunque no modifica el Apgar del recién nacido. Esta técnica se presenta como una alternativa económica, segura, sencilla y práctica para la versión fetal de la presentación podálica (AU)


Introduction: The incidence of fetal breech presentation in Spain is of 3.8%. Moxibustion is an integral part of the ancient traditional Chinese medicine. The technique involves placing an incandescent stick of Artemisia vulgaris a few inches of the acupuncture point Zhiyin (point 67 of the bladder meridian, located at the outer base of the nail of the fifth toe). The objectives are: 1. To find out what percentage of fetuses have turned around to a cephalic presentation due to moxibustion in pregnant women displaying fetal malposition after the 32nd week of pregnancy; 2. To identify any materno-fetal complications associated with the use of the technique. Subjects: A total of eighteen pregnant women were studied with more than 32 weeks of gestation. Material and methods: Through a descriptive study with one group intervention, we analyzed the percentage of cephalic fetus that rotated with this therapy. Results: Fifteen pregnant women (83.9%) did the treatment properly; three pregnant women (16.7%) carried out the treatment on an occasional basis and ended with a caesarean section due to buttocks. Conclusions: It seems reasonable to say that compliance with the treatment influences the type of delivery (2= 12.600; gl= 1; p= 0.000), but does not modify the Apgar of the newborn. This technique is presented as an economic, safe, simple and practical alternative, for the fetal version of breech presentation (AU)


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Moxibustion , Obstetric Labor Complications/therapy , Version, Fetal , Breech Presentation/therapy , Complementary Therapies/methods , Treatment Outcome
9.
Rev. Esc. Enferm. USP ; 45(6): 1301-1308, Dec. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: lil-611547

ABSTRACT

Estudo descritivo com objetivo de caracterizar as remoções maternas da Casa do Parto de Sapopemba, em São Paulo, para hospitais de referência, entre setembro de 1998 e julho de 2008. A população do estudo compôs-se de 229 casos. Os dados foram obtidos dos prontuários e dos livros de registro de remoções. Foi realizada análise descritiva. A taxa de remoção materna foi de 5,8 por cento (5,5 por cento intraparto e 0,3 por cento pós-parto). A maioria das mulheres removidas para o hospital era nulípara (78,6 por cento). O motivo mais frequente para remoção intraparto foi anormalidade da pélvis materna ou do feto (22,6 por cento) e para a remoção pós-parto, anormalidade da dequitação (50 por cento). Destacaram-se a nuliparidade, dilatação cervical na admissão, membranas ovulares rotas e idade gestacional superior a 40 semanas como variáveis importantes para o estudo de fatores de risco para remoção materna.


The objective of this descriptive study was to characterize the transfers of mothers from the Sapopemba Birth Center to reference hospitals in São Paulo, from September 1998 to July 2008. The studied population was 229 cases of mother transfers. Data were obtained from medical records and record books of the transferred women. Descriptive analysis was performed. The transfer rate was 5.8 percent (5.5 percent in the intrapartum period and 0.3 percent in the postpartum period). Most women who were transferred to the hospital were nulliparous (78.6 percent). The most common reason for intrapartum transfers was fetal or pelvis abnormalities (22.6 percent), and abnormal placental detachment (50 percent) for women in the postpartum period. Some conditions such as nulliparity, cervical dilation at admission, rupture of the membranes and gestational age over 40 weeks were highlighted as important variables for studying the risk factors for mothers being transferred.


Estudio descriptivo que objetivó caracterizar las remociones maternas de la Casa del Parto de Sapopemba-SP para hospitales de referencia entre setiembre 1998 y julio 2008. La población del estudio se compuso de 229 casos de remoción materna. Los datos se obtuvieron de las historias clínicas y libros de registro de remociones. Se realizó análisis descriptivo. La tasa de remoción materna fue del 5,8 por ciento (5,5 por ciento intraparto y 0,3 por ciento postparto). La mayoría de las mujeres derivadas para hospitales era nulípara (78,6). El motivo más frecuente de derivación intraparto fue anormalidad de pelvis materna o del feto (22,6 por ciento), y para cada remoción postparto, anormalidad de expulsión placentaria (50 por ciento). Tuvieron destaque la nuliparidad, dilatación cervical en la admisión, membranas ovulares rotas y edad gestacional superior a 40 semanas como variables importantes para el estudio de factores de riesgo en la remoción materna.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Young Adult , Birthing Centers , Hospitals , Obstetric Labor Complications , Patient Transfer/statistics & numerical data , Puerperal Disorders , Obstetric Labor Complications/therapy , Puerperal Disorders/therapy , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors
11.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-057195

ABSTRACT

El embolismo de líquido amniótico (ELA) es un cuadro extremadamente grave e infrecuente. Su pronóstico es fatal, tanto para la madre como para el feto. Incluso en los países desarrollados, donde se ha logrado disminuir la morbimortalidad de múltiples afecciones del embarazo, como la preeclampsia, continúa teniendo unas consecuencias devastadoras. A ello contribuye el desconocimiento que existe aún respecto a su fisiopatología, lo cual redunda en una mayor dificultad para su diagnóstico y tratamiento. Hoy día, el diagnóstico del ELA continúa siendo clínico y un diagnóstico de exclusión y, en muchas ocasiones, se hace tras la necropsia (AU)


Amniotic fluid embolism is an extremely serious and infrequent syndrome. Prognosis is fatal for the pregnant woman and the fetus. Even in developed countries, where morbidity and mortality from many disorders of pregnancy, such as preeclampsia, has decreased, amniotic fluid embolism still has catastrophic consequences. The pathogenesis of this syndrome remains unclear, increasing the difficulty of diagnosis and treatment. Currently, diagnosis of amniotic fluid embolism continues to be clinical and made on the basis of exclusion. On many occasions, diagnosis is made at autopsy (AU)


Subject(s)
Pregnancy , Adult , Female , Humans , Obstetric Labor Complications/diagnosis , Obstetric Labor Complications/therapy , Embolism, Amniotic Fluid/complications , Embolism, Amniotic Fluid/diagnosis , Bupivacaine/therapeutic use , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/methods , Bradycardia/complications , Bradycardia/diagnosis , Embolism, Amniotic Fluid/epidemiology , Embolism, Amniotic Fluid/therapy
12.
Rev. argent. anestesiol ; 65(2): 96-106, abr.-jun. 2007. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-466141

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Mostrar el beneficio del trabajo multidisciplinario en el tratamiento de las hemorragias graves del posparto, resaltando el papel del anestesiólogo en la toma de decisiones cuando se emplea la embolización arterial uterina para lograr hemostasia. Material y método: Se registró la hemostasia, la presencia de shock, el volumen de reposición, la estadía en la UCI y la histerectomía de 47 pacientes con hemorragias graves del posparto sin respuesta al tratamiento inicial y posteriormente embolizadas. Se evaluó la importancia del llamado de ayuda precoz y la participación del anestesiólogo. Resultados: Se logró hemostasia en todos los casos, sin mortalidad materna y con baja morbilidad y pocas complicaciones. La embolización fue eficaz y segura con 91,5 por ciento de hemostasia definitiva; el fracaso de 8,5 por ciento obedeció a roturas vaginales y uterinas severas desapercibidas. La decisión del anestesiólogo de realizar la embolización uterina fue tomada en forma más precoz, con menos incidencia de shock y menores requerimientos de reposición; esto comparado con los casos en los que no intervino en esa decisión. Discusión: La hemorragia grave del posparto es una de las principales causas de morbimortalidad materna que impone la acción coordinada y rápida de múltiples especialistas implicados en estos graves cuadros. Se ha reportado que esta intervención multidisciplinaria, incluyendo la embolización uterina, permite, mejorar dicho tratamiento. En este trabajo pudimos confirmar estos conceptos y demostrar que el beneficio es mayor cuando los especialistas tratantes intervienen más precozmente. Conclusión: La actuación conjunta de especialistas en las hemorragia graves del posparto y la incorporación de la embolización uterina a la terapéutica ofrecen excelentes resultados de hemostasia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Embolization, Therapeutic/instrumentation , Embolization, Therapeutic/methods , Postpartum Hemorrhage/therapy , Anesthesiology , Obstetric Labor Complications/therapy , Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable/therapeutic use , Uterine Hemorrhage/therapy , Professional Role
13.
Rev. argent. anestesiol ; 65(2): 96-106, abr.-jun. 2007. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-120773

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Mostrar el beneficio del trabajo multidisciplinario en el tratamiento de las hemorragias graves del posparto, resaltando el papel del anestesiólogo en la toma de decisiones cuando se emplea la embolización arterial uterina para lograr hemostasia. Material y método: Se registró la hemostasia, la presencia de shock, el volumen de reposición, la estadía en la UCI y la histerectomía de 47 pacientes con hemorragias graves del posparto sin respuesta al tratamiento inicial y posteriormente embolizadas. Se evaluó la importancia del llamado de ayuda precoz y la participación del anestesiólogo. Resultados: Se logró hemostasia en todos los casos, sin mortalidad materna y con baja morbilidad y pocas complicaciones. La embolización fue eficaz y segura con 91,5 por ciento de hemostasia definitiva; el fracaso de 8,5 por ciento obedeció a roturas vaginales y uterinas severas desapercibidas. La decisión del anestesiólogo de realizar la embolización uterina fue tomada en forma más precoz, con menos incidencia de shock y menores requerimientos de reposición; esto comparado con los casos en los que no intervino en esa decisión. Discusión: La hemorragia grave del posparto es una de las principales causas de morbimortalidad materna que impone la acción coordinada y rápida de múltiples especialistas implicados en estos graves cuadros. Se ha reportado que esta intervención multidisciplinaria, incluyendo la embolización uterina, permite, mejorar dicho tratamiento. En este trabajo pudimos confirmar estos conceptos y demostrar que el beneficio es mayor cuando los especialistas tratantes intervienen más precozmente. Conclusión: La actuación conjunta de especialistas en las hemorragia graves del posparto y la incorporación de la embolización uterina a la terapéutica ofrecen excelentes resultados de hemostasia. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Postpartum Hemorrhage/therapy , Embolization, Therapeutic/instrumentation , Embolization, Therapeutic/methods , Professional Role , Anesthesiology , Uterine Hemorrhage/therapy , Obstetric Labor Complications/therapy , Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable/therapeutic use
14.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 54(2): 78-85, feb. 2007. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-054806

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Analizar número de intentos y las complicaciones en la técnica de bloqueo epidural o epiduralespinal para trabajo de parto y determinar las diferencias entre los médicos residentes y los de plantilla. MATERIALY MÉTODOS: Estudio prospectivo observacional en todas las mujeres que solicitaron y obtuvieron analgesia epidural o epidural-espinal para trabajo de parto en dos meses. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 1.097 mujeres. El 74,6% de las técnicas fueron realizadas por los médicos residentes. El número medio de intentos para la consecución de la técnica fue de 1,46 ± 0,9, independientemente de si el autor era un médico residente o de plantilla. La punción dural accidental con aguja, se dio en 14 casos (1,3%). La complicación más frecuente durante la punción fue la aparición de parestesias (34,1%), sin diferencias entre adjuntos y residentes. Durante la fase de dilatación fue la aparición de lateralización (37,4%). CONCLUSIONES: El número de intentos necesario, fue de 1,28 en los médicos de plantilla y 1,52 en los residentes (p = 0,02). La incidencia de complicaciones en las técnicas analgésicas para el dolor del trabajo de parto, en punciones hemáticas, punción dural accidental, dolor en el expulsivo, re-punción epidural-espinal, náuseas y dolor de espalda, hay diferencias entre uno y otro grupo, pero en ningún caso alcanzan significación estadística


OBJECTIVES: To analyze the number of attempts to provide an epidural or spinal–epidural block for labor and complication rates when the procedures are performed by resident or staff anesthesiologists. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective, observational study in all women who asked for epidural or spinal–epidural analgesia for labor and childbirth over a 2-month period. RESULTS: We enrolled 1097 women. The procedure was performed by residents in 74.6% of the cases. The mean (SD) number of attempts needed to perform the technique was 1.46 (0.9) regardless of whether the anesthesiologist was a resident or on staff. Accidental dural puncture occurred in 14 cases (1.3%). The most common complication during puncture was paresthesia (34.1%), and the difference between the rates for staff anesthesiologists and residents was not significant. Asymmetric analgesia was the most common complication during the dilatation phase (37.4%). CONCLUSIONS: The number of attempts needed was 1.28 for staff anesthesiologists and 1.52 for residents (P = .02). The differences between the 2 groups in the incidences of complications (blood noted during puncture, accidental dural puncture, pain during expulsion, repeat epidural or spinal puncture, nausea, or back pain) were not significant


Subject(s)
Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Humans , Analgesia, Epidural , Analgesia, Obstetrical , Anesthesiology/education , Internship and Residency , Obstetric Labor Complications/therapy , Prospective Studies
15.
Rev. Rol enferm ; 29(5): 360-366, mayo 2006. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-048015

ABSTRACT

Aunque no frecuentemente, el personal sanitario de los servicios de emergencias médicas extrahospitalarias (unidades móviles y ambulancias asistenciales) se ve obligado a asistir partos de urgencia en ambientes adversos y con medios técnicos precarios o no específicos. Ello comprende una consideración especial a varios niveles: parturienta, feto y escena. Los sanitarios de urgencia deben estar preparados para diagnosticar in situ el parto inminente e identificar cada etapa del mismo y sus posibles complicaciones, ofreciendo una asistencia integral pero específica, antes, durante y tras el parto


Although not frequently, sanitary personnel who form part of the outside the hospital walls emergency medical services, the intensive care mobile units or ambulance teams, are obliged to attend to emergency childbirhs in adverse environments and with precarious technical means or means non-specialized means. All this requires some special considerations at various levels: parturient, fetus and scene itself. Medical emergency personnel must be prepared to diagnose an imminent childbirth in situ and to identify every stage of such a birth and its possible complications, while providing integral, yet specific, assistance before, during and after childbirth


Subject(s)
Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Humans , Delivery, Obstetric/methods , Delivery, Obstetric/standards , Emergencies , Obstetric Labor Complications/therapy
17.
Matronas prof ; 7(1): 41-44, ene. 2006. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-051378

ABSTRACT

La inversión uterina es una complicación muy grave del tercer período del parto. Una actuación correcta, y sobre todo un diagnóstico precoz por parte de la matrona, contribuyen a disminuir las complicaciones de este accidente obstétrico


Inversion of the uterus is a very serious complication of the third stage of labor. Its proper management and, above all, early diagnosis by the midwife help to reduce the incidence of the complications of this obstetric emergency


Subject(s)
Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Humans , Obstetric Labor Complications/therapy , Uterine Inversion/therapy , Risk Factors
18.
Prog. obstet. ginecol. (Ed. impr.) ; 48(2): 74-78, feb. 2005. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-036863

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Analizar la influencia de diferentes variables clínicas en la duración de la inducción hasta llegar al período de parto activo. Sujetos y métodos: Analizamos 196 gestantes expuestas a inducción del parto. Eran gestaciones entre 37-42 semanas, únicas, en cefálica. Excluimos gestaciones con cicatrices uterinas. Definimos parto activo como cuello borrado, 2 cm y dinámica uterina regular. Dividimos el tiempo entre el comienzo de la inducción y el inicio de parto activo en 4 períodos: 0-6 h, 6-12 h, 12-24 h y más de 24 h. Utilizamos una regresión ordinal politómica. Resultados: El test de Bishop (p < 0,001), la paridad (p = 0,006) y el peso del neonato (p = 0,019) influyen en la probabilidad de llegar a parto activo en cada intervalo. No encontramos relación con la edad materna (p = 0,209), el diámetro biparietal del feto (p = 0,431) y el antecedente de aborto (p = 0,160). Conclusiones: Con el test de Bishop, la paridad y el peso del neonato se podría establecer la probabilidad de llegar a parto activo


Objective: To analyze the influence of several clinical variables on the duration of the interval between induction of labor and the active phase. Subjects and methods: We analyzed 196 pregnant women who underwent induction of labor. All the women had single, cephalic pregnancies at 37-42 weeks of gestational age. Pregnant women with uterine scars were excluded. The active period of labor was defined as cervical effacement, 2-cm dilatation and regular uterine contractions. The interval between the start of induction and the beginning of active labor was divided into four periods: 0-6 h, 6-12 h, 12-24 h and more than 24 h. Ordinal polytomic regression was applied. Results: The probability of reaching the active phase of labour in each interval was influenced by Bishop’s score (p<0.001), parity (p=0.006) and neonatal weight (p=0.019). No relationship was found with maternal age (p=0.209), fetal biparietal diameter (p=0.431) or a history of miscarriage (p=0.160). Conclusions: The probability of reaching the active phase of labor could be established using Bishop’s score, parity and neonatal weight


Subject(s)
Female , Pregnancy , Humans , Labor, Induced/methods , Parturition , Dinoprostone/administration & dosage , Oxytocin/administration & dosage , Uterine Monitoring , Fetal Monitoring , Pregnancy, Prolonged , Obstetric Labor Complications/therapy
19.
Matronas prof ; 4(14): 10-18, dic. 2003. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-30479

ABSTRACT

En este artículo se revisa la actuación a desarrollar ante un recién nacido que precisa asistencia al nacimiento, sobre todo por lo que respecta a las maniobras de reanimación del bebé. Así, se repasa en qué consiste la reanimación básica y sus principales actuaciones. También se hace referencia a la medicación para la reanimación neonatal, así como a la necesidad de registrar estas maniobras y la evolución del recién nacido (AU)


Subject(s)
Female , Male , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Obstetric Labor Complications/therapy , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/methods , Risk Factors , Respiration, Artificial/methods , Neonatal Nursing/methods , Apgar Score
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