ABSTRACT
Ovarian mature cystic teratoma (OMCT) is an ovarian benign neoplasm with excellent prognosis presenting components of the three germinal layers. However, transformation into a malignant neoplasm is a rare event (so-called somatic transformation). In most of the cases, the malignant component expresses as epidermoid carcinoma, but occasionally central nervous system tumors occur. Some of the previously reported tumors are astrocytoma, glioblastoma, and ependymoma. Somatic transformation of OMCT into an oligodendroglioma is exceptional. We report a 19-year-old female with a left OMCT with an area of oligonedroglial cells proliferation characterized by immunohistochemical studies with positivity for GFAP and S100, with a low Ki67 index (5%). Additionally, electron microscopy revealed oligodendrocytes with parallel bundles of cytoplasmic intermediate filaments, confirming the oligodendroglial nature of the proliferation. The patient was treated only with left oophorectomy, and three and half years after surgery, there is no evidence of disease.
Subject(s)
Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis , Cell Proliferation , Immunohistochemistry , Microscopy, Electron , Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous/diagnosis , Oligodendroglioma/diagnosis , Ovarian Neoplasms/diagnosis , Teratoma/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous/chemistry , Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous/surgery , Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous/ultrastructure , Oligodendroglioma/chemistry , Oligodendroglioma/surgery , Oligodendroglioma/ultrastructure , Ovarian Neoplasms/chemistry , Ovarian Neoplasms/surgery , Ovarian Neoplasms/ultrastructure , Ovariectomy , Predictive Value of Tests , Salpingectomy , Teratoma/chemistry , Teratoma/surgery , Teratoma/ultrastructure , Treatment Outcome , Young AdultABSTRACT
C-kit is a proto-oncogene located on the long arm of chromosome 4. Its product, CD117, is a specific immunohistochemical (IHQ) marker that is associated with response to a potent tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy with STI-571 (Gleevec®) in chronic myelogenous leukemia and GISTs. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the expression of CD117 in glial tumors as this finding may guide therapeutic approaches for these brain tumors. Ependymomas and oligodendrogliomas, in formalin fixed and paraffin embedded blocks were assayed for CD117 immunoreactivity using anti-c-kit (CD117, DAKO). GISTs were used as positive control. We observed immunoreactivity of CD117 protein in 25.5% of tumors in both histological types. In oligodendrogliomas, there was an association between older age at diagnosis and positivity for CD117 (P=0.039). In addition, we observed an association between higher tumor grade (grade III) and positivity for CD117 (P=0.007). No clinical association was observed in ependymomas (P>0.05). This study encourages further investigations, considering that CD117 may be a possible oncogenic factor in some glial tumors. In this case, tumors that express this marker may eventually benefit from a therapy with selective inhibitors of receptor kinases.
Subject(s)
Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis , Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms/chemistry , Ependymoma/chemistry , Oligodendroglioma/chemistry , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit/analysis , Adolescent , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms/diagnosis , Child , Child, Preschool , Ependymoma/diagnosis , Female , Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/chemistry , Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors/chemistry , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Oligodendroglioma/diagnosis , Proto-Oncogene Mas , Young AdultABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: An unusual case of positive immunological testing for cysticercosis in the cystic fluid obtained from an anaplastic oligoastrocytoma is presented. CASE REPORT: A 15-year-old boy was admitted with multiple brain lesions. The biggest was a cyst with a mural node and neurocysticercosis was suspected. In order to relieve intracranial pressure, the cyst was punctured and the immunological testing for cysticercosis was positive, reinforcing the clinical suspicion and leading to a clinical trial with albendazole and steroids. As the patient deteriorated the cystic lesion was removed and the diagnosis of anaplastic oligoastrocytoma was established. A second lesion was eventually approached and the histopathological diagnosis of both specimens concurred. DISCUSSION: Although some authors believe that chronic inflammatory changes following neurocysticercosis could induce the formation of brain tumors, this association may be a mere coincidence. In our case no clinical evidence of a prior infestation by Cysticercus was found. In fact, an exhaustive examination of the specimens did not reveal any areas of inflammatory reaction. We believe that the similarity of the glioma and cysticercosis antigens may be the cause of the positive reactions in the cystic fluid.
Subject(s)
Brain Neoplasms/complications , Cysticercosis/complications , Oligodendroglioma/complications , Adolescent , Brain Neoplasms/diagnosis , Brain Neoplasms/metabolism , Cysticercosis/diagnosis , Cysticercosis/metabolism , Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein/metabolism , Humans , Immunohistochemistry/methods , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Male , Oligodendroglioma/diagnosis , Oligodendroglioma/metabolism , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methodsABSTRACT
An 11-year-old girl had multiple, disseminated, rather small café-au-lait macules and hypochromic spots involving the neck, the trunk and the legs. In part, the two types of macules showed a spatial proximity, suggesting didymosis (twin spotting). The term cutis tricolor has been proposed to describe congenital paired hyperchromic and hypochromic macules on a background of intermediate skin. Because the spots present in this case were much smaller than those described in previous cases of cutis tricolor, we here propose the distinguishing term 'cutis tricolor parvimaculata'. The underlying gene locus may be a hot spot for postzygotic recombinations, giving rise to multiple twin spots. Moreover, the girl had developed seizures from the age of 10 years, and a large oligodendroglioma involving the left frontal lobe was found. A causal relationship between the cutaneous phenotype and the cerebral tumor is unproven but likely. The skin lesions were reminiscent of a disorder described by Westerhof et al. in 1978 under the term 'hereditary congenital hypopigmented and hyperpigmented macules'. So far, however, it is not clear whether cutis tricolor parvimaculata is identical with or different from this disorder.
Subject(s)
Brain Neoplasms/diagnosis , Neurocutaneous Syndromes/diagnosis , Oligodendroglioma/diagnosis , Pigmentation Disorders/diagnosis , Cafe-au-Lait Spots/diagnosis , Child , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Frontal Lobe , Humans , Hyperpigmentation/diagnosis , Hypopigmentation/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Risk Assessment , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
Propósito: Evaluar el comportamiento de diferentes entidades neurológicas utilizando imágenes ponderando tensor de difusión (ITD) y determinar si el método aporta información adicional a las imágenes de RM convencional. Material y método: Se estudiaron 8 pacientes portadores de distintas patologías encefálicas (5 casos de tumores, 1 paciente con esclerosis múltiple (EM), 1 paciente con enfermedad de Creutzfeldt-Jakob, variante esporádica (C-Je) y 1 paciente con intoxicación subaguda por monóxido de carbono (intoxicación por CO) en un equipo de RM de 1,5 T, utilizando secuencias convencionales e ITD con 25 direcciones. Se obtuvieron mapas cualitativos y se cuantificó la anisotropía fraccional (AF) ubicando diferentes regiones de interés según guías anatómicas específicas (cápsulas interna y externa, fibras frontocallosas y temporales, etc). Resultados: En los pacientes con tumores encefálicos, se observó disminución de AF sobre las fibras peritumorales, con distorción y/o disrupción de las mísmas. En los casos de EM, C-Je e intoxicación por CO, notamos interrupción parcial en el trayecto de los haces de sustancia blanca (SB) involucrados. Sin embargo, existió importante discordancia entre los hallazgos en FLAIR y Difusión (DWI) y en ITD, en el caso de intoxicación subaguda por CO. Conclusión: Las ITD, tanto cuali como cuantitativas aportan mayor información que las secuencias convencionales sobre la morfología ultraestructural del tejido cerebral en las patologías estudiadas. Además, estas imágenes constituyen la base de otra técnica de RM, actualmente en desarrollo, como lo es la Tractografía (AU)
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Middle Aged , Brain Neoplasms/diagnosis , Multiple Sclerosis/diagnosis , Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Oligodendroglioma/diagnosis , Glioma, Subependymal/diagnosis , Glioblastoma/diagnosisABSTRACT
The distinction of astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas, mainly pilocytic astrocytomas (PILOs) from infiltrating astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas (ODs), and high-grade oligodendrogliomas from glioblastomas (GBMs), poses a serious clinical problem. There is no useful immunohistochemical (IHC) marker to differentiate these gliomas, and sometimes the differential diagnosis between them is arbitrary. We identified galectin-3 (Gal-3) as a possible tool to differentiate them based on gene expression profiles of GBMs. We confirmed the differential expression in 45 surgical samples (thirteen GBMs; seven PILOs; 5 grade II ODs; 5 anaplastic oligodendrogliomas [AODs], including 2 Oligo-astrocytomas; 8 diffuse astrocytomas [ASTs], and 7 non-neoplastic samples) by quantification of Gal-3 gene expression by real-time quantitative PCR (rt-PCR). Higher expression of Gal-3 was observed in GBMs and PILOs than in OD, AODs and ASTs. The IHC expression of Gal-3 was evaluated in 90 specimens (fifteen PlLOs, fourteen ASTs, 10 anaplastic astrocytomas, fifteen GBMs, eleven ODs, fifteen AODs, and 10 dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors). The mean labeling score for Gal-3 determined according to the percentage of labeled cells in the tumor bulk was significantly different in GBMs versus AODs and in PILOs versus ASTs. Hence, Gal-3 is differentially expressed in central nervous system tumors, making IHC detection of Gal-3 a useful tool in distinguishing between these gliomas.
Subject(s)
Astrocytoma/diagnosis , Galectin 3 , Glioblastoma/diagnosis , Oligodendroglioma/diagnosis , Adolescent , Adult , Astrocytoma/metabolism , Brain Neoplasms/diagnosis , Brain Neoplasms/metabolism , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Galectin 3/genetics , Galectin 3/metabolism , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/physiology , Glioblastoma/metabolism , Humans , Immunohistochemistry/methods , Male , Middle Aged , Oligodendroglioma/metabolism , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Staining and Labeling/methodsABSTRACT
Os astrocitomas e oligodendrogliomas supratentoriais dos adultos são tumores infrequentes. Analisamos retrospectivamente 23 pacientes com este tipo de neoplasia que foram operados entre 1986 e 2002. Não ocorreu nenhum óbito no pós-operatório. A sobrevida de 5 e 10 anos de todo o grupo foi 67 e 30 por cento respectivamente, semelhante a outras experiências. Em 14 pacientes obtivemos a remoção completa da lesão (60,8 por cento) e em 9 (39,2 por cento) ocorreu remoção parcial do tumor. No subgrupo da ressecção total do tumor, 89 por cento sobreviveram 5 anos e 45 por cento alcançaram 10 anos de sobrevida, em contraste com o subgrupo da remoção parcial em que somente 35 por cento alcançaram os 5 anos de sobrevida e nenhum, 10 anos. Devido aos efeitos deletérios da radioterapia, nós preferimos prescrevê-la apenas nos casos de recorrência tumoral.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Glioma/surgery , Supratentorial Neoplasms/surgery , Astrocytoma/diagnosis , Astrocytoma/surgery , Disease-Free Survival , Glioma/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Oligodendroglioma/diagnosis , Oligodendroglioma/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Supratentorial Neoplasms/diagnosisABSTRACT
Propósito. Determinar la utilidad de los valores del Coeficiente Aparente de Difusión (ADC), en el diagnóstico de tumores encefálicos. Material y métodos. Se realizaron RM convencionales, difusión y ADC a 40 pacientes con masas encefálicas confirmadas histológicamente. Se midieron las intensidades en el ADC del sector sólido tumoral y sustancia blanca normal, obteniéndose los radios correspondientes y se correlacionó en 13 pacientes con los índices de celularidad. Resultados. Diecisiete correspondieron a tumores gliales, presentando menor valor de ADC a mayor grado de malignidad. En 12 pacientes se diagnosticó secundarismo, obteniéndose los valores más bajos de ADC. Esta característica la compartió el quiste epidermoideo. Los hamartomas, neurinomas, oligodendrogliomas y ependimomas demostraron valores intermedios de ADC. Conclusión. El mapa ADC es un complemento de la RM convencional que provee información adicional para el diagnóstico de los tumores encefálicos. Los valores bajos de dicho mapa se correlacionaron con mayor grado de malignidad tumoral (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Female , Child , Aged , Brain Neoplasms/diagnosis , Brain Neoplasms/secondary , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods , Gadolinium DTPA/diagnosis , Glioblastoma/diagnosis , Gliosarcoma/diagnosis , Glioma/diagnosis , Astrocytoma/diagnosis , Ependymoma/diagnosis , Oligodendroglioma/diagnosis , Meningioma/diagnosis , Epidermal Cyst/diagnosis , Neurilemmoma/diagnosis , Hamartoma/diagnosisSubject(s)
Adenomatous Polyposis Coli/diagnosis , Adenomatous Polyposis Coli/genetics , Brain Neoplasms/diagnosis , Brain Neoplasms/genetics , Oligodendroglioma/diagnosis , Oligodendroglioma/genetics , Adenomatous Polyposis Coli/therapy , Adult , Biopsy , Brain Neoplasms/therapy , Fatal Outcome , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Male , Martinique , Oligodendroglioma/therapy , Pedigree , Syndrome , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
Focal somatosensory epileptic seizures ipsilateral to a brain tumor is reported and the literature reviewed. It is an exceptional occurrence, having been described only six cases, with several mechanisms being proposed. The proximity of the lesions with the low cerebral convexity (perisylvian) suggests the compromising of the secondary somatosensorial area, seeming to prove the experimental observation of somatosensorial crises originating in this area.
Subject(s)
Brain Neoplasms/complications , Epilepsies, Partial/etiology , Oligodendroglioma/complications , Somatosensory Cortex , Brain Neoplasms/diagnosis , Brain Neoplasms/surgery , Epilepsies, Partial/drug therapy , Epilepsies, Partial/surgery , Female , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Middle Aged , Oligodendroglioma/diagnosis , Oligodendroglioma/surgeryABSTRACT
Oligodendrogliomas são neoplasias do tecido neuroepitelial glial originárias de oligodendrócitos. São tumores infreqüentes, responsáveis por cerca de 4 por cento a 7 por cento das neoplasias primárias do cérebro, predominantemente supratentoriais. O presente trabalho consistiu na avaliação dos achados de imagem pré-operatória em tomografia computadorizada e ressonância magnética e correlação clínica e patológica, levando-se em consideração a presença de tumores puros ou mistos, com componente astrocitário e o seu grau de anaplasia. O aspecto mais freqüente foi o de lesão hipodensa na tomografia computadorizada ou com hipossinal em T1 e hipersinal em T2 na ressonância magnética, podendo ter componente cístico, com pouco edema ao redor, apresentando calcificações, quase sempre grosseiras, em dois terços dos casos. Reforço após contraste ocorre em 80 por cento dos casos, na maioria discreto
Oligodendrogliomas are neuroepithelial neoplasms that originate from oligodendrocytes. These tumors account for 4% to 7% of all primary brain tumors and are most supratentorial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the findings of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging examinations of patients with oligodendrogliomas and correlate these findings with clinical and pathological data. Oligodendrogliomas may be pure or mixed, present astrocytic elements and vary from well differentiated to anaplastic. The most common finding observed was a lesion that appeared hypodense on CT or had low-intensity signal on T1-weighted and high-intensity signal on T2-weighted magnetic resonance images. Cystic elements, mild surrounding edema and calcifications (usually coarse) in 2/3 of the cases were also observed. Tumor enhancement was generally mild and was observed in 80% of the cases.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Frontal Lobe , Glioma , Brain Neoplasms/diagnosis , Oligodendroglioma/diagnosis , Oligodendroglioma/physiopathology , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Retrospective Studies , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedSubject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Arachnoid Cysts/physiopathology , Brain Edema/diagnosis , Brain Neoplasms/diagnosis , Craniotomy/methods , Diagnostic Techniques, Neurological , Neurologic Examination/methods , Glioma/diagnosis , Cerebrospinal Fluid/chemistry , Occipital Lobe/physiopathology , Oligodendroglioma/diagnosisABSTRACT
Oligodendrogliomas usually arise in the cerebral hemispheres, less frequently they are found in the cerebellar hemispheres and very rarely they adopt an intraventricular location. The authors describe two cases of intraventricular oligodendroglioma. Case No. 1: 18-year old woman with a clinical history of headache, vertigo and dizziness of 6 months duration. Central Nervous System imaging revealed a right lateral ventricle tumor. Case No. 2: 38 year old man with a chief complaint of positional headache and visual impairment. C.N.S. imaging showed a third ventricular lesion. The medical literature was reviewed and theories on the genesis of this peculiar location are offered.
Subject(s)
Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms , Oligodendroglioma , Adolescent , Adult , Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms/diagnosis , Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms/surgery , Female , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Oligodendroglioma/diagnosis , Oligodendroglioma/surgery , PrognosisABSTRACT
Se describen dos nuevos casos de oligodendroglioma intraventricular. Caso 1 mujer de 18 años, con manifestaciones clínicas de cefalea, vértigo y mareos de 6 meses de evolución. Los estudios de imágenes mostraron tumorde ventrículo lateral derecho. Caso 2 hombre de 38 años, con manifestaciones clínicas de cefalea intensa posicional y trastornos visuales. Los estudios de imágenes revelan lesión en tercer ventrículo
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Humans , Male , Female , Cerebral Ventriculography/statistics & numerical data , Oligodendroglioma/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyABSTRACT
A case of a 32-year old male patient with complaints of frontal headache progressive decrease in visual acuity, altered behaviour, and positive results of immunological tests for cysticercosis performed on the cystic and cerebrospinal fluids is presented. After several clinical and surgical proceedings, the frontal craniotomy was indicated and a multi-lobulated cystic tumor was excised. Biopsy material revealed an oligodendroglioma invading the degenerated membrane of cystic wall. Some aspects related to the possible mechanisms involved in the association of oligodendroglioma with neurocysticercosis in the presented case are discussed. Three different types of conclusions may be reached: (1) neurocysticercosis may have acted as an oncogenetic factor for the oligodendroglioma; (2) the glycoprotein nature of the antigens of gliomas and cysticercosis and the similarity in the molecular weight range of their polypeptides may be responsible for the positivity of the reactions for cysticercosis in the cystic fluid; or (3) the association of oligodendroglioma with cysticercosis may be a simple coincidence. The present study strengthens the opinion that other pathologies should be looked for when clinical treatment of cysticercosis does not follow the expected course.
Subject(s)
Brain Neoplasms/complications , Cysticercosis/complications , Oligodendroglioma/complications , Adult , Brain Neoplasms/diagnosis , Craniotomy , Cysticercosis/cerebrospinal fluid , Cysticercosis/diagnosis , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Oligodendroglioma/diagnosisABSTRACT
Säo poucos os estudos sobre gliomas <
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Brain Neoplasms/surgery , Cysticercosis/surgery , Oligodendroglioma/surgery , Brain Neoplasms/diagnosis , Craniotomy , Cysticercosis/cerebrospinal fluid , Cysticercosis/diagnosis , Oligodendroglioma/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyABSTRACT
Os oligodendrogliomas constituem aproximadamente 5% de todos os gliomas cerebrais. Eles se localizam nos hemisférios cerebrais, principalmente em lobos frontais, podendo invadir o sistema ventricular e a leptomeninge. Sua localizaçäo intraventricular é rara. Geralmente ocorrem em pacientes jovens do sexo masculino. A paciente em questäo, de 26 anos, apresentou apenas síndrome de hipertensäo intracraniana. Na tomografia computadorizada, o tumor aparecia como uma massa irregular, hiperdensa, com calcificaçöes em seu interior e ocupando os ventrículos laterais. A captaçäo de contraste era intensa e irregular, visualizando-se áreas císticas em seu interior. Näo havia sinais de neovascularizaçäo ao exame angiográfico e era difícil determinar se o processo invadia o sistema ventricular ou se era primário deste. A cirurgia, verificou-se que o tumor era dos ventrículos laterais, estando livre o terceiro ventrículo
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Oligodendroglioma/diagnosis , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , BrazilABSTRACT
Se hace una revisión de 534 gliomas cerebrales; 45 de ellos correspondieron a, oligodendrogliomas, lo que representa el 8,4 por ciento en esta serie. Las edades de los pacientes oscilaron entre 2 y 61 años; los grupos más afectados se encontraron en primer lugar entre la 3era. y 5ta. décadas (60 por ciento) seguida por la primera década (22 por ciento). Hubo predilección por el sexo masculino en una relación 1,51:1. La localización más frecuente fue en el lóbulo frontal (33 por ciento), seguida de la parietal (22 por ciento) y encontramos 4 intraventriculares. Los principales motivos de consulta fueron convulsiones y cefalea. El EEG, la Rx simple de cráneo y la TAC son importantes métodos diagnósticos. Aunque fue escasa la información post-operatoria obtenida, nos parece que la edad del paciente en el momento del diagnóstico, tiene valor pronóstico. Para el diagnóstico diferencial con otras lesiones son importantes el uso de la impronta, tinciones especiales, inmunohistoquímica y microscopía electrónica
Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Oligodendroglioma/diagnosis , Central Nervous System/abnormalities , Central Nervous System/pathology , Glioma/pathologyABSTRACT
Los oligodendrogliomas constituyen el 4.2% de los tumores cerebrales primarios y el 1-2% de los tumores intracraneanos en ninos. Se presenta un caso de oligodendroglioma del angulo pontocerebeloso derecho, que consulto por ataxia aguda y que posteriormente presento hipertension endocraneana. La poca frecuencia de estas lesiones y la localizacion inusual en la fosa posterior, motivo la revision de la bibliografia nacional e internacional referente al tema
Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Humans , Female , Oligodendroglioma , Oligodendroglioma/diagnosis , Oligodendroglioma , Oligodendroglioma/therapy , Oligodendroglioma/ultrastructureABSTRACT
Se da a conocer y se revisa la literatura en un caso de "Oligodendroglioma Bifrontal Gigante" de un enfermo de 34 años, que se habría expresado clínicamente por un episodio convulsivo generalizado. Las radiografías del cráneo mostraron calcificaciones irregulares que nos permitieron efectuar un diagnóstico pre-operatório de presunción. Las arteriografías carotídeas muestran el cacácter bilobulado del tumor. El estudio histopatológico mostró las características del Oligodendroglioma. La resección radical del tumor produjo la mejoría del enfermo, que recibió además radioterapia. El paciente se encuentra actualmente, dos años después de la operación, asintomático y sin indicios de recidiva ni de metastasis