ABSTRACT
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) can cause a wide range of skin infections, however MRSA panniculitis without bacteremia is a rare manifestation. Here, we report a woman in her 20s with relapsed Hodgkin lymphoma undergoing stem cell mobilisation who presented with bilateral subcutaneous nodules over her shins. Ultrasound scan of one nodule showed non-specific inflammatory changes. Punch biopsy of a nodule showed lobular panniculitis with Gram-positive cocci. Blood cultures were negative but a culture from the biopsy grew MRSA. She was started on doxycycline with improvement in her symptoms. This case serves as a reminder to consider infections as a cause of panniculitis in immunocompromised patients.
Subject(s)
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization , Panniculitis/microbiology , Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology , Adult , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Biopsy , Doxycycline/therapeutic use , Female , Hodgkin Disease/therapy , Humans , Immunocompromised Host , Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus , Panniculitis/drug therapy , Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapyABSTRACT
Pseudomonas luteola, a pathogen causing disease in humans, has in animals been reported only in rainbow trout and ferrets. This case report describes pyogranulomatous panniculitis in a cat associated with P. luteola infection. Organisms were seen histologically and identified with PCR and sequencing. Lesions resolved after treatment with marbofloxacin.
Pseudomonas luteola, un pathogène de l'homme, a été décrit chez l'animal seulement chez le furet et la truite arc en ciel. Ce cas clinique décrit une panniculite pyogranulomateuse chez un chat associée à une infection à P. luteola. Les organismes ont été vus à l'examen histopathologique et identifiés par PCR et séquençage. Les lésions se sont résolues après un traitement à la marbofloxacine.
Pseudomonas luteola, un patógeno que causa una enfermedad en los seres humanos, se ha reportado en animales solo en truchas arco iris y hurones. Este caso clínico describe una paniculitis piogranulomatosa en un gato asociada con una infección por P. luteola. Los organismos se observaron histológicamente y se identificaron mediante PCR y secuenciación. Las lesiones se resolvieron después del tratamiento con marbofloxacina.
Pseudomonas luteola é um patógeno causador de doença em humanos e, em animais, há relatos de sua ocorrência apenas em furões e trutas arco-íris. Este relato descreve um caso de paniculite piogranulomatosa em um gato associada à infecção por P. luteola. Os microrganismos foram observados histologicamente e identificados por PCR e sequenciamento. As lesões foram resolvidas após tratamento com marbofloxacino.
Subject(s)
Cat Diseases , Panniculitis , Pseudomonas Infections , Animals , Cat Diseases/microbiology , Cats , Fluoroquinolones/therapeutic use , Panniculitis/drug therapy , Panniculitis/etiology , Panniculitis/microbiology , Panniculitis/veterinary , Pseudomonas , Pseudomonas Infections/complications , Pseudomonas Infections/drug therapy , Pseudomonas Infections/pathology , Pseudomonas Infections/veterinary , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most prevalent metabolic disorders worldwide, along with obesity and type 2 diabetes. NAFLD involves a series of liver abnormalities from simple hepatic steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, which can ultimately lead to liver cirrhosis and cancer. The gut-liver axis plays an important role in the development of NAFLD, which depends mainly on regulation of the gut microbiota and its bacterial products. These intestinal bacterial species and their metabolites, including bile acids, tryptophan catabolites, and branched-chain amino acids, regulate adipose tissue and intestinal homeostasis and contribute to the pathogenesis of NAFLD/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. In this review, the current evidence regarding the key role of the gut microbiota and its metabolites in the pathogenesis and development of NAFLD is highlighted, and the advances in the progression and applied prospects of gut microbiota-targeted dietary and exercise therapies is also discussed.
Subject(s)
Gastrointestinal Microbiome/physiology , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/diet therapy , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/prevention & control , Amino Acids, Branched-Chain/metabolism , Animals , Bile Acids and Salts/metabolism , Exercise , Herbal Medicine/methods , Humans , Macrophages/pathology , Micronutrients/pharmacology , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/etiology , Panniculitis/complications , Panniculitis/microbiology , Prebiotics , Probiotics/pharmacologySubject(s)
Hydroxychloroquine/therapeutic use , Lung Diseases, Interstitial/drug therapy , Aged , Coxiella burnetii/pathogenicity , Coxiella burnetii/physiology , Doxycycline/administration & dosage , Endocarditis, Bacterial/complications , Endocarditis, Bacterial/diagnosis , Endocarditis, Bacterial/drug therapy , Female , Humans , Hydroxychloroquine/administration & dosage , Lung Diseases, Interstitial/diagnosis , Lung Diseases, Interstitial/microbiology , Medication Adherence , Panniculitis/drug therapy , Panniculitis/etiology , Panniculitis/microbiology , Q Fever/complications , Q Fever/diagnosis , Q Fever/drug therapy , Radiography, Thoracic , Remission Induction , Shock, Septic/complications , Shock, Septic/diagnosis , Shock, Septic/drug therapyABSTRACT
Histoplasmosis usually presents primarily as lung infection. Occasionally, mainly in immunocompromised hosts, it can spread and cause systemic manifestations. Skin lesions have been reported in 10 to 15 percent of cases of disseminated histoplasmosis, and panniculitis has been described as an unusual form of presentation in affected patients. We present the case of a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus who presented cellulitis due to disseminated histoplasmosis.
Subject(s)
Histoplasmosis/pathology , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications , Panniculitis/pathology , Biopsy , Cellulite/immunology , Cellulite/microbiology , Cellulite/pathology , Female , Histoplasma/isolation & purification , Histoplasmosis/immunology , Humans , Immunocompetence , Middle Aged , Panniculitis/immunology , Panniculitis/microbiologyABSTRACT
Abstract: Histoplasmosis usually presents primarily as lung infection. Occasionally, mainly in immunocompromised hosts, it can spread and cause systemic manifestations. Skin lesions have been reported in 10 to 15 percent of cases of disseminated histoplasmosis, and panniculitis has been described as an unusual form of presentation in affected patients. We present the case of a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus who presented cellulitis due to disseminated histoplasmosis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Panniculitis/pathology , Histoplasmosis/pathology , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications , Biopsy , Panniculitis/immunology , Panniculitis/microbiology , Cellulite/immunology , Cellulite/microbiology , Cellulite/pathology , Histoplasma/isolation & purification , Histoplasmosis/immunology , ImmunocompetenceABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Panniculitis/diagnosis , Panniculitis/microbiology , Dermis/diagnostic imaging , Biopsy , Panniculitis/therapy , Atypical Bacterial Forms , Dermis/microbiology , Mesotherapy/adverse effectsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Legionellosis is a well-known cause of pneumonia. Primary cutaneous and subcutaneous infection caused by Legionella pneumophila is rare and the diagnosis is challenging. CASE PRESENTATION: A 38-year-old Thai woman with systemic lupus erythematosus and myasthenia gravis treated with prednisolone and azathioprine presented to our hospital with low-grade fever, diarrhea, and indurated skin lesions on both thighs. Initial examination showed plaques on both inner thighs. Magnetic resonance imaging showed myositis and swelling of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. Diagnosis of panniculitis due to L. pneumophila was carried out by histopathology, Gram stain, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing method of tissue biopsy from multiple sites on both thighs. Myocarditis was diagnosed by echocardiography. The final diagnosis was disseminated extrapulmonary legionellosis. Treatment comprised intravenous azithromycin for 3 weeks and the skin lesions, myositis and myocarditis resolved. Oral azithromycin and ciprofloxacin were continued for 3 months to ensure eradication of the organism. The patient's overall condition improved. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, we report the first case of L. pneumophila infection manifesting with panniculitis, possible myositis, and myocarditis in the absence of pneumonia. The diagnosis of extrapulmonary Legionella infection is difficult, especially in the absence of pneumonia. A high index of suspicion and appropriate culture with special media or molecular testing are required. Initiation of appropriate treatment is critical because delaying therapy was associated with progressive infection in our patient.
Subject(s)
Legionella pneumophila , Legionnaires' Disease/pathology , Panniculitis/pathology , Skin Diseases, Bacterial/pathology , Adult , Female , Humans , Legionella pneumophila/isolation & purification , Legionnaires' Disease/complications , Legionnaires' Disease/diagnosis , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/microbiology , Panniculitis/complications , Panniculitis/microbiology , Skin Diseases, Bacterial/complications , Skin Diseases, Bacterial/microbiologyABSTRACT
This report describes the presence of cutaneous nodules and ulceration of the right leg of 1-year duration in an elderly woman. Prior biopsies had demonstrated dermal and subcutaneous granulomatous inflammation. Special stains for microorganisms and cultures were repeatedly negative. Polymerase chain reaction evaluation of the tissue block demonstrated the presence of Mycobacterium obuense.
Subject(s)
Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/microbiology , Mycobacterium/classification , Panniculitis/microbiology , Skin Diseases, Bacterial/microbiology , Aged , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Female , Humans , Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/drug therapy , Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/pathology , Panniculitis/drug therapy , Panniculitis/pathology , Skin Diseases, Bacterial/drug therapy , Skin Diseases, Bacterial/pathologyABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Liver Transplantation/adverse effects , Cytomegalovirus , Cytomegalovirus/isolation & purification , Biopsy , Panniculitis/diagnosis , Panniculitis/microbiology , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use , DNA Primers/therapeutic use , Amphotericin B/therapeutic use , Itraconazole/therapeutic use , Voriconazole/therapeutic use , Mycoses/diagnosis , Mycoses/microbiologyABSTRACT
Next generation sequencing (NGS) studies are revealing a diverse microbiota on the skin of dogs. The skin microbiota of canine sterile granulomatous and pyogranulomatous dermatitis (SGPD) has yet to be investigated using NGS techniques. NGS targeting the 16S rRNA and ITS-1 region of bacterial and fungal DNA, respectively, were used to investigate if bacterial and fungal DNA were associated with skin lesions in cases of canine SGPD. The study included 20 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) skin samples and 12 fresh samples from SGPD-affected dogs, and 10 FFPE and 10 fresh samples from healthy dogs. DNA was extracted from deep dermis and panniculus, and microbial DNA was amplified using primers targeting the bacterial 16S rRNA V1-V3 and fungal ITS-1 regions. The amplified DNA was utilized for NGS on an Illumina MiSeq instrument. The sequences were processed using QIIME. No differences in fungal or bacterial alpha diversity were observed between the SGPD and control samples. Beta diversity analysis demonstrated differences in the bacterial communities between SGPD and control, but not in the fungal communities. Compared to controls, the family Erysipelotrichaceae and genus Staphylococcus were significantly more abundant in the SGPD FFPE samples, and genus Corynebacterium were more abundant in fresh samples. The bacteria found to be more abundant in SGPD are common inhabitants of skin surfaces, and likely secondary contaminants in SGPD cases. This study provides additional evidence that SGPD lesions are likely sterile.
Subject(s)
Dermatitis/veterinary , Dog Diseases/pathology , Panniculitis/veterinary , Animals , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , DNA, Fungal/genetics , Dermatitis/microbiology , Dermatitis/pathology , Dog Diseases/microbiology , Dogs , Female , Granuloma/microbiology , Granuloma/pathology , Granuloma/veterinary , High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing , Male , Panniculitis/microbiology , Panniculitis/pathology , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Skin/microbiology , Skin/pathologyABSTRACT
The bacterium Raoultella planticola (R planticola) is a rare pathogen in humans. We report a case of mild acute pancreatitis (MAP) of biliary origin with cholangitis and bacteremia with R planticola in association with pancreatic panniculitis (PP). We present the case report of a 55-year-old woman.
Subject(s)
Bacteremia/complications , Bacteremia/microbiology , Cholangitis/complications , Cholangitis/microbiology , Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing/complications , Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing/microbiology , Acute Disease , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Bacteremia/drug therapy , Cholangitis/diagnostic imaging , Enterobacteriaceae , Female , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Middle Aged , Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing/diagnostic imaging , Panniculitis/complications , Panniculitis/microbiology , Penicillanic Acid/analogs & derivatives , Penicillanic Acid/therapeutic use , Piperacillin/therapeutic use , Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug CombinationSubject(s)
Cellulitis/diagnosis , Lymphangitis/diagnosis , Panniculitis/diagnosis , Rickettsia Infections/complications , Rickettsia/isolation & purification , Tick Bites/microbiology , Aged , Animals , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Cellulitis/drug therapy , Cellulitis/microbiology , Cellulitis/pathology , Cephalosporins/therapeutic use , Humans , Lymphangitis/drug therapy , Lymphangitis/microbiology , Lymphangitis/pathology , Male , Panniculitis/drug therapy , Panniculitis/microbiology , Panniculitis/pathology , Rickettsia Infections/microbiology , Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/diagnostic imaging , Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/microbiology , Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/pathology , Tick Bites/diagnosis , Tick Bites/drug therapy , Tick Bites/pathology , Ticks/microbiology , Treatment Outcome , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
Cryptococcal panniculitis is a rare entity previously reported in only 13 solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. Cutaneous cryptococcosis in SOT recipients warrants extensive systemic workup and treatment as if central nervous system (CNS) disease is present. It should be included in the differential diagnosis of panniculitis in the immunocompromised host, as early diagnosis and treatment are critical. We report a fatal case of cryptococcal panniculitis in a 44-year-old lung transplant recipient.
Subject(s)
Cryptococcosis/diagnosis , Dermatomycoses/diagnosis , Immunocompromised Host , Panniculitis/diagnosis , Adult , Cryptococcosis/pathology , Dermatomycoses/microbiology , Dermatomycoses/pathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Fatal Outcome , Humans , Lung Transplantation/methods , Male , Panniculitis/microbiology , Panniculitis/pathologySubject(s)
Calciphylaxis/etiology , Ecthyma/etiology , Kidney Failure, Chronic/complications , Panniculitis/etiology , Pseudomonas Infections/etiology , Ecthyma/microbiology , Fatal Outcome , Female , Gangrene , Humans , Hypoparathyroidism/etiology , Immunocompromised Host , Kidney Failure, Chronic/immunology , Kidney Failure, Chronic/physiopathology , Male , Middle Aged , Panniculitis/microbiology , Pseudomonas Infections/immunology , Skin/pathology , Skin Ulcer/etiologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed at establishing bacterial flagellin-recognizing toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) as a novel link between gut microbiota composition, adipose tissue inflammation, and obesity. METHODS: An adipose tissue microarray database was used to compare women having the highest (n = 4, H-TLR) and lowest (n = 4, L-TLR) expression levels of TLR5-signaling pathway genes. Gut microbiota composition was profiled using flow cytometry and FISH. Standard laboratory techniques were used to determine anthropometric and clinical variables. In vivo results were verified using cultured human adipocytes. RESULTS: The H-TLR group had higher flagellated Clostridium cluster XIV abundance and Firmicutes-to-Bacteroides ratio. H-TLR subjects had obese phenotype characterized by greater waist circumference, fat %, and blood pressure (P < 0.05 for all). They also had higher leptin and lower adiponectin levels (P < 0.05 for both). Six hundred and sixty-eight metabolism- and inflammation-related adipose tissue genes were differentially expressed between the groups. In vitro studies confirmed that flagellin activated TLR5 inflammatory pathways, decreased insulin signaling, and increased glycerol secretion. CONCLUSIONS: The in vivo findings suggest that flagellated Clostridium cluster XIV bacteria contribute to the development of obesity through distorted adipose tissue metabolism and inflammation. The in vitro studies in adipocytes show that the underlying mechanisms of the human findings may be due to flagellin-activated TLR5 signaling.
Subject(s)
Intestines/microbiology , Microbiota/physiology , Obesity/genetics , Panniculitis/genetics , Panniculitis/microbiology , Toll-Like Receptor 5/physiology , Adipose Tissue/metabolism , Adipose Tissue/pathology , Adolescent , Adult , Cells, Cultured , Child , Child, Preschool , Clostridium/physiology , Female , Humans , Inflammation/metabolism , Middle Aged , Obesity/metabolism , Obesity/microbiology , Panniculitis/immunology , Panniculitis/pathology , Phenotype , Signal Transduction , Young AdultABSTRACT
Obesity is associated with a systemic chronic low-grade inflammation that contributes to the development of metabolic disorders such as cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. However, the etiology of this obesity-related pro-inflammatory process remains unclear. Most studies have focused on adipose tissue dysfunctions and/or insulin resistance in skeletal muscle cells as well as changes in adipokine profile and macrophage recruitment as potential sources of inflammation. However, low-grade systemic inflammation probably involves a complex network of signals interconnecting several organs. Recent evidences have suggested that disturbances in the composition of the gut microbial flora and alterations in levels of gut peptides following the ingestion of a high-fat diet may be a cause of low-grade systemic inflammation that may even precede and predispose to obesity, metabolic disorders or type 2 diabetes. This hypothesis is appealing because the gastrointestinal system is first exposed to nutrients and may thereby represent the first link in the chain of events leading to the development of obesity-associated systemic inflammation. Therefore, the present review will summarize the latest advances interconnecting intestinal mucosal bacteria-mediated inflammation, adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in a coordinated circuitry favouring the onset of a high-fat diet-related systemic low-grade inflammation preceding obesity and predisposing to metabolic disorders and/or type 2 diabetes. A particular emphasis will be given to high-fat diet-induced alterations of gut homeostasis as an early initiator event of mucosal inflammation and adverse consequences contributing to the promotion of extended systemic inflammation, especially in adipose and muscular tissues.
Subject(s)
Adipose Tissue, White/metabolism , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/etiology , Enteritis/physiopathology , Gastrointestinal Microbiome , Models, Biological , Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism , Obesity/etiology , Adipose Tissue, White/immunology , Animals , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/immunology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/microbiology , Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects , Enteritis/etiology , Enteritis/immunology , Enteritis/microbiology , Gastrointestinal Hormones/metabolism , Humans , Immunity, Mucosal , Intestinal Mucosa/immunology , Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism , Intestinal Mucosa/microbiology , Muscle, Skeletal/immunology , Myositis/etiology , Myositis/immunology , Myositis/microbiology , Myositis/physiopathology , Obesity/immunology , Obesity/metabolism , Obesity/microbiology , Panniculitis/etiology , Panniculitis/immunology , Panniculitis/microbiology , Panniculitis/physiopathology , Systemic Vasculitis/etiology , Systemic Vasculitis/immunology , Systemic Vasculitis/microbiology , Systemic Vasculitis/physiopathologyABSTRACT
Among nontuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM), rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) are the most common causative agents of soft tissue infection. Mycobacterium massiliense, a new species of NTM, was isolated in 2004. Due to the lower virulence of RGM, M. massiliense infection is rare in the general population. Here, we report a case of multiple infective panniculitis, due to M. massiliense, mimicking erythema induratum in a patient with Cushing syndrome. The organism was identified using traditional mycobacterial culturing and staining methods as well as molecular approaches, including erythromycin ribosome transferase gene polymerase chain reaction. The patient was treated with clarithromycin for 9 months, based on antibiotic susceptibility testing.