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1.
Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) ; 49(3): 108-114, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33938195

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Adverse reactions to local anesthetics are relatively common, but proven IgE-mediated allergy is extremely rare. We aimed to determine the frequency of local anesthetic allergy in pediatric patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The medical records of 73 patients who presented to our clinic with a history of suspected allergic reaction to local anesthetics and underwent diagnostic testing between 2012 and 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Diagnoses were based on case histories, skin tests, and subcutaneous challenge tests. RESULTS: A total of 75 test series were carried out on the 73 patients (43 boys; median [IQR] age 9.25 [7.26-14.25] years, range 3-17.8 years). The most commonly tested drugs were lidocaine (n = 38; 50.6%) and prilocaine (n = 15; 20%). Local anesthetic allergy was confirmed in one (1.3%) of the 73 patients by positive subcutaneous challenge test with mepivacaine. CONCLUSION: There are limited data in the current literature regarding local anesthetic allergies and diagnosis test results in pediatric patients. Proven local anesthetic allergy is less common than expected by society and physicians, and therefore diagnostic tests are needed for patients with no contra-indications such as severe or life-threatening reactions.


Subject(s)
Anesthetics, Local/adverse effects , Drug Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Hypersensitivity, Immediate/diagnosis , Adolescent , Anesthetics, Local/immunology , Child , Child, Preschool , Drug Hypersensitivity/etiology , Female , Humans , Hypersensitivity, Immediate/etiology , Immunoglobulin E , Intradermal Tests , Lidocaine/adverse effects , Lidocaine/immunology , Male , Mepivacaine/adverse effects , Mepivacaine/immunology , Prilocaine/adverse effects , Prilocaine/immunology , Retrospective Studies , Skin Tests
2.
Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol ; 50(2): 66-71, 2018 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29384109

ABSTRACT

Summary: Objective. To document the test results of patients referred to our clinic for testing with local anesthetics (LAs) in real life conditions and provide data related to the necessity of these tests. Methods. All consecutive subjects who were referred to be evaluated for LA allergy during a two-year follow up were included in the analysis. All subjects underwent skin prick / intradermal tests followed by a subcutaneous provocation test with the LAs tested. Results. A total of 228 subjects were included. The main referral reason was the presence of a history of drug hypersensitivity reaction (DHR) to drugs other than LAs (n = 128; 56%), whereas a history of LA allergy constituted the second most common referral reason (n = 64, 28.1%). In the majority of cases (n = 39; 60.9%), the culprit LA was not known by the patients. Asthma was the third most common referral reason, presented in 49 cases (21.5%). Ten cases had positivity to the tested LA in skin testing / challenges. Nine out of 10 patients had a history of DHR to drugs other than LA, whereas 5 of them had also a history of DHR to LA. Six of the 10 patients had a history of multiple DHR. None of the asthma patients without any DHR history were positive in the LA tests. Eight out of 10 cases who underwent skin testing / challenge with an alternative LA, tolerated the alternative LA. Conclusion. The most common referral reason for testing with LA was a history of DHR to drugs other than LAs, whereas asthma was the third most common referral reason. Patients with a history of multiple DHR may be considered for testing with LAs. Asthmatics and those with other allergic diseases without a history of drug / LA allergy do not need to be tested with LA.


Subject(s)
Anesthetics, Local/immunology , Drug Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Drug Hypersensitivity/immunology , Hypersensitivity, Immediate/diagnosis , Adolescent , Adult , Anesthetics, Local/adverse effects , Asthma/chemically induced , Asthma/pathology , Female , Humans , Hypersensitivity, Immediate/chemically induced , Hypersensitivity, Immediate/pathology , Lidocaine/immunology , Male , Mepivacaine/immunology , Middle Aged , Prilocaine/immunology , Prospective Studies , Skin Tests , Young Adult
3.
Am J Contact Dermat ; 8(4): 231-5, 1997 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9358117

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Allergic contact dermatitis from local amide anesthetics such as lidocaine (Xylocaine), bupivacaine (Marcaine, Bicain), mepivacaine (Carbocaine), etidocaine (Duranest), and prilocaine (Citanest) is rare. Allergic contact dermatitis from prilocaine has been reported only from EMLA cream. OBJECTIVES: We report on a patient sensitized from prilocaine used as a local infiltration anesthetic. METHODS: Conventional patch testing with various local amide anesthetics as well as intracutaneous tests with amide anesthetics were performed. RESULTS: Patch testing with EMLA cream (as is) (Astra, Sweden), containing prilocaine and lidocaine provoked an allergic patch test reaction, whereas patch testing with lidocaine was negative. Patch testing with Citanest containing 2% prilocaine and adrenaline was positive. Also articaine gave an allergic patch test reaction, whereas mepivacaine, benzocaine, and caine-mix were negative. Intracutaneous tests with prilocaine and articaine were positive. CONCLUSION: Our patient had been sensitized from prilocaine and cross-reacted to articaine, but not to other amide anesthetics. Cross-reactions between prilocaine and amide anesthetics were reviewed. As there seem to be no clear rules regarding cross-reactivity among various amide anesthetics, it is safest to test as many amide type anesthetics as possible in case of a delayed type allergy to any member of this family.


Subject(s)
Anesthetics, Local/adverse effects , Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/etiology , Prilocaine/adverse effects , Anesthetics, Local/immunology , Carticaine/adverse effects , Carticaine/immunology , Cross Reactions/immunology , Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/immunology , Female , Humans , Intradermal Tests , Middle Aged , Patch Tests , Prilocaine/immunology
5.
Arch. argent. alerg. inmunol. clín ; 23(3): 118-23, oct. 1992. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-125919

ABSTRACT

Estudiamos 153 pacientes que consultaron por necesitar aplicarse un anestésico local (AL) para intervenciones médico-quirúrgicas u odontológicas y que referían antecedentes de reacciones alérgicas a anestésicos locales y otros medicamentos. Dividimos a los pacientes en 4 grupos. Grupo 1 (n=20): antecedentes de reacciones alérgicas o pseudoalérgicas definidas a un anestésico local. Grupo 2 (n=2): antecedentes de reacciones alérgicas definidas a más de un anestésico local. Grupo 3 (n=48): antecedentes de reacciones dudosas a uno o más anestésicos locales. Grupo 4 (n=83): antecedentes de reacciones alérgicas o pseudoalérgicas a otros medicamentos. En todos los pacientes efectuamos a Prueba de Provocación Progresiva Controlada (PPPC). En el grupo 1 utilizamos un AL alternativo. En el grupo 2 utilizamos un AL sin conseravadores. En el grupo 3 y en grupo 4 utilizamos indistintamente el mismo AL o uno alternativo. En los 2 pacientes del grupo 2 efectuamos previamente a la PPPC el Test de Degranulación de Basófilos Humanos (RDBH) con anestésicos con y sin conservadores y con metilparabeno. A su vez afectuamos prick test, intradermorreacción y prueba del parche con metilparabeno. Los AL locales utilizados fueron: lidocaína, bupivacaína, carticaína y prilocaína. Los resultados fueron los siguientes: 150 pacientes toleraron el AL mediante la PPPC. Tres pacientes presentaron reacciones adversas. Dos pacientes, uno del grupo 3 y uno del grupo 4 presentaron reacciones alérgicas o pseudosalérgicas que cedieron con antihistamínicos y corticoides. Las pruebas cutáneas fueron negativas en ambos casos. En el paciente del grupo 4 efectuamos TDBH con lidocaína sin conservadores que fue positivo y TDBH con metilparabeno que fue negativo. Un paciente del grupo 3 presentó reacción tóxica por intolerancia a la lidocaína. Los 3 pacientes toleraron un anestésico local alternativo mediante la PPPC. En 2 pacientes demostramos que las reacciones adversas relatadas en los antecedentes se debieron a los parabenos, ya que el TDBH fue positivo para el metilparabeno y negativo para los anestésicos y los pacientes toleraron luego el AL sin conservadores. Las pruebas cutáneas con metilparabeno fueron negativas. En ningún caso observamos reacción cruzada entre AL del grupo amida. Concluímos lo siguiente: 1) La PPPC es un método seguro y efectivo para prevenir las reacciones alérgicas o pseudoalérgicas a AL. 2) Las pruebas cutáneas no tienen valor para el diasgnóstico y la prevención de estas


Subject(s)
Humans , Anesthetics, Local/adverse effects , Drug Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Anesthetics, Local/immunology , Bupivacaine/adverse effects , Bupivacaine/immunology , Carticaine/adverse effects , Carticaine/immunology , Drug Hypersensitivity/etiology , Lidocaine/adverse effects , Parabens/adverse effects , Prilocaine/adverse effects , Prilocaine/immunology , Basophil Degranulation Test/methods
6.
Arch. argent. alerg. inmunol. clín ; 23(3): 118-23, oct. 1992. ilus
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-25347

ABSTRACT

Estudiamos 153 pacientes que consultaron por necesitar aplicarse un anestésico local (AL) para intervenciones médico-quirúrgicas u odontológicas y que referían antecedentes de reacciones alérgicas a anestésicos locales y otros medicamentos. Dividimos a los pacientes en 4 grupos. Grupo 1 (n=20): antecedentes de reacciones alérgicas o pseudoalérgicas definidas a un anestésico local. Grupo 2 (n=2): antecedentes de reacciones alérgicas definidas a más de un anestésico local. Grupo 3 (n=48): antecedentes de reacciones dudosas a uno o más anestésicos locales. Grupo 4 (n=83): antecedentes de reacciones alérgicas o pseudoalérgicas a otros medicamentos. En todos los pacientes efectuamos a Prueba de Provocación Progresiva Controlada (PPPC). En el grupo 1 utilizamos un AL alternativo. En el grupo 2 utilizamos un AL sin conseravadores. En el grupo 3 y en grupo 4 utilizamos indistintamente el mismo AL o uno alternativo. En los 2 pacientes del grupo 2 efectuamos previamente a la PPPC el Test de Degranulación de Basófilos Humanos (RDBH) con anestésicos con y sin conservadores y con metilparabeno. A su vez afectuamos prick test, intradermorreacción y prueba del parche con metilparabeno. Los AL locales utilizados fueron: lidocaína, bupivacaína, carticaína y prilocaína. Los resultados fueron los siguientes: 150 pacientes toleraron el AL mediante la PPPC. Tres pacientes presentaron reacciones adversas. Dos pacientes, uno del grupo 3 y uno del grupo 4 presentaron reacciones alérgicas o pseudosalérgicas que cedieron con antihistamínicos y corticoides. Las pruebas cutáneas fueron negativas en ambos casos. En el paciente del grupo 4 efectuamos TDBH con lidocaína sin conservadores que fue positivo y TDBH con metilparabeno que fue negativo. Un paciente del grupo 3 presentó reacción tóxica por intolerancia a la lidocaína. Los 3 pacientes toleraron un anestésico local alternativo mediante la PPPC. En 2 pacientes demostramos que las reacciones adversas relatadas en los antecedentes se debieron a los parabenos, ya que el TDBH fue positivo para el metilparabeno y negativo para los anestésicos y los pacientes toleraron luego el AL sin conservadores. Las pruebas cutáneas con metilparabeno fueron negativas. En ningún caso observamos reacción cruzada entre AL del grupo amida. Concluímos lo siguiente: 1) La PPPC es un método seguro y efectivo para prevenir las reacciones alérgicas o pseudoalérgicas a AL. 2) Las pruebas cutáneas no tienen valor para el diasgnóstico y la prevención de estas


Subject(s)
Humans , Anesthetics, Local/adverse effects , Drug Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Parabens/adverse effects , Basophil Degranulation Test/methods , Lidocaine/adverse effects , Bupivacaine/adverse effects , Bupivacaine/immunology , Carticaine/adverse effects , Carticaine/immunology , Prilocaine/adverse effects , Prilocaine/immunology , Drug Hypersensitivity/etiology , Anesthetics, Local/immunology
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