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1.
Braz. j. vet. res. anim. sci ; 46(5): 404-411, 2009. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-538434

ABSTRACT

Objetivando descrever a inervação originada a partir dos ramos ventrais lombares e sacrais, fez-se um estudo, mediante a dissecação de dois exemplares de lobos-marinhos (Arctocephalus australis), oriundos do CRAM-FURG, onde chegaram em óbito. As estruturas nervosas constituintes dos plexos lombar e sacral possuem origem dos ramos ventrais dos nervos espinhais que formam-se dos segmentos medulares L1 a S3. Assim, pode-se observar que, os formados dos segmentos L1 a L3 são unissegmentares, sendo respectivamente os nervos Ílio-hipogástrico e Ílio-inguinal e Cutâneo Femoral Lateral. Da união dos segmentos L3-L4 surgem os nervos Genito-femoral, Obturatório e Femoral. Da confluência dos segmentos L4-5-S1 forma-se um tronco nervoso, o plexo isquiático, que emite os nervos: Glúteos Cranial e Caudal, Cutâneo Femoral Caudal e Isquiático. O nervo Isquiático ramifica-se em Cutâneos Surais Lateral e Caudal, Tibial, Fibular Comum. O nervo Pudendo (divide-se nos nervos dorsal do pênis ou clitóris e perineais superficial e profundo) e Retal Caudal têm origem dos segmentos S2-3. Com base nestes dados podemos inferir que a inervação lombar e sacral têm origem similar a outras espécies de mamíferos, contudo sua organização e distribuição refletem as modificações adaptativas aos hábitos destes animais, principalmente a locomoção em meio aquático.


In order to describe the innervation originated from ventral lumbar and sacral branches, a study was made through dissection of two specimens of south american fur seals (Arctocephalus australis), originated from CRAM-FURG, where they arrived deceased. The nervous structures that constitute the lumbar and sacral plexes are originated from ventral branches of spinal nerves which come from medullary segments L1 to S3. Thus, one can observe that the nerves originated form L1 to L3 are monosegmentary, being respectively iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal and lateral femoral cutaneous nerves. From the reunion of L3 and L4 segments arise genitofemoral, obturator and femoral nerves. From the confluence of segments L4-5-S1 arises a nervous trunk – the sciatic plexus, which gives the following nerves: cranial and caudal gluteal, caudal femoral cutaneous and sciatic. Sciatic nerve splits into lateral and caudal sural cutaneous, tibial, common peroneal. Pudendal nerve (which divides into dorsal nerve of the penis or clitoris, deep and superficial perineal) and caudal rectal are formed from the S2-3 segments. With these data, one can conclude that the lumbar and sacral innervation have similar origin to other mammal species, however its organization and distribution reflect the adaptative changes to this animals’ habits, specially its locomotionin water.


Subject(s)
Animals , Fur Seals/anatomy & histology , Lumbosacral Region/innervation , Sacrococcygeal Region/innervation
2.
Rev. argent. coloproctología ; 17(2): 104-109, jun. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-443899

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Presentar la técnica y la primera experiencia realizada en la Argentina con la neuromodulación sacra (NMS) para el tratamiento de la incontinencia anal (IA). Pacientes y métodos: Se trataron 2 pacientes de sexo femenino con incontinencia anal severa (score 16/20 y 17/20). Fueron estudiadas mediante manometría anorrectal, ecografía esfintérica y evaluación neurofisiológica del piso pelviano. Debido a la refractariedad a los tratamientos convencionales y a la indemnidad anatómica muscular se indicó NMS mediante la colocación de un electrodo estimulador cuatripolar en el foramen S3. Se llevó a cabo la prueba de estimulación nerviosa transitoria y posteriormente el implante definitivo. Resultados: Luego de 21 meses de seguimiento la evaluación de la paciente con score inicial 17/20 reveló una disminución del score a 0/20 (continencia perfecta) y a los 17 meses de seguimiento de la paciente restante el score disminuyó a 7/20 (incontinencia a gases solamente). Conclusiones: La NMS es un procedimiento útil para el tratamiento de la IA. Ha demostrado ser efectiva en aquellos pacientes refractarios a los tratamientos convencionales, con la ventaja de poder evaluar su respuesta antes del implante definitivo. Presenta baja morbilidad y corta internación.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Fecal Incontinence/surgery , Fecal Incontinence/diagnosis , Fecal Incontinence/therapy , Electric Stimulation Therapy/methods , Electric Stimulation Therapy/trends , Anal Canal , Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Manometry , Sacrococcygeal Region/innervation
3.
Rev. argent. coloproctología ; 17(2): 104-109, jun. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-119434

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Presentar la técnica y la primera experiencia realizada en la Argentina con la neuromodulación sacra (NMS) para el tratamiento de la incontinencia anal (IA). Pacientes y métodos: Se trataron 2 pacientes de sexo femenino con incontinencia anal severa (score 16/20 y 17/20). Fueron estudiadas mediante manometría anorrectal, ecografía esfintérica y evaluación neurofisiológica del piso pelviano. Debido a la refractariedad a los tratamientos convencionales y a la indemnidad anatómica muscular se indicó NMS mediante la colocación de un electrodo estimulador cuatripolar en el foramen S3. Se llevó a cabo la prueba de estimulación nerviosa transitoria y posteriormente el implante definitivo. Resultados: Luego de 21 meses de seguimiento la evaluación de la paciente con score inicial 17/20 reveló una disminución del score a 0/20 (continencia perfecta) y a los 17 meses de seguimiento de la paciente restante el score disminuyó a 7/20 (incontinencia a gases solamente). Conclusiones: La NMS es un procedimiento útil para el tratamiento de la IA. Ha demostrado ser efectiva en aquellos pacientes refractarios a los tratamientos convencionales, con la ventaja de poder evaluar su respuesta antes del implante definitivo. Presenta baja morbilidad y corta internación. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Fecal Incontinence/diagnosis , Fecal Incontinence/surgery , Fecal Incontinence/therapy , Electric Stimulation Therapy/methods , Electric Stimulation Therapy/trends , Anal Canal/diagnostic imaging , Manometry , Sacrococcygeal Region/innervation , Prosthesis Implantation/methods
4.
Rev. argent. coloproctología ; 17(2): 104-109, jun. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-121863

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Presentar la técnica y la primera experiencia realizada en la Argentina con la neuromodulación sacra (NMS) para el tratamiento de la incontinencia anal (IA). Pacientes y métodos: Se trataron 2 pacientes de sexo femenino con incontinencia anal severa (score 16/20 y 17/20). Fueron estudiadas mediante manometría anorrectal, ecografía esfintérica y evaluación neurofisiológica del piso pelviano. Debido a la refractariedad a los tratamientos convencionales y a la indemnidad anatómica muscular se indicó NMS mediante la colocación de un electrodo estimulador cuatripolar en el foramen S3. Se llevó a cabo la prueba de estimulación nerviosa transitoria y posteriormente el implante definitivo. Resultados: Luego de 21 meses de seguimiento la evaluación de la paciente con score inicial 17/20 reveló una disminución del score a 0/20 (continencia perfecta) y a los 17 meses de seguimiento de la paciente restante el score disminuyó a 7/20 (incontinencia a gases solamente). Conclusiones: La NMS es un procedimiento útil para el tratamiento de la IA. Ha demostrado ser efectiva en aquellos pacientes refractarios a los tratamientos convencionales, con la ventaja de poder evaluar su respuesta antes del implante definitivo. Presenta baja morbilidad y corta internación. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Fecal Incontinence/diagnosis , Fecal Incontinence/surgery , Fecal Incontinence/therapy , Electric Stimulation Therapy/methods , Electric Stimulation Therapy/trends , Anal Canal/diagnostic imaging , Manometry , Sacrococcygeal Region/innervation , Prosthesis Implantation/methods
5.
Nexo rev. Hosp. Ital. B.Aires ; 23(2): 29-32, jun. 2003. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-391889

ABSTRACT

La neuromodulación mediante estimulación eléctrica de las raíces sacras (EERS) es una alternativa terapéutica no destructiva y reversible, indicada en pacientes con disfunción miccional crónica cuando los tratamientos conservadores han resultado ineficaces o mal tolerados. Esta estimulación logra influir sobre el comportamiento de la vejiga, del esfínter uretral externo y de los músculos del suelo pélvico. La estimulación es de tipo eléctrico y se ejerce mediante salvas de pulsos de corriente aplicada a la tercera raíz sacra (S3). El objetivo primordial de esta técnica es restablecer el patrón de micción normal


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Electric Stimulation Therapy , Urinary Incontinence , Urination Disorders , Chronic Disease , Patient Selection , Quality of Life , Sacrococcygeal Region/innervation
6.
Nexo rev. Hosp. Ital. B.Aires ; 23(2): 29-32, jun. 2003. ilus
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-3092

ABSTRACT

La neuromodulación mediante estimulación eléctrica de las raíces sacras (EERS) es una alternativa terapéutica no destructiva y reversible, indicada en pacientes con disfunción miccional crónica cuando los tratamientos conservadores han resultado ineficaces o mal tolerados. Esta estimulación logra influir sobre el comportamiento de la vejiga, del esfínter uretral externo y de los músculos del suelo pélvico. La estimulación es de tipo eléctrico y se ejerce mediante salvas de pulsos de corriente aplicada a la tercera raíz sacra (S3). El objetivo primordial de esta técnica es restablecer el patrón de micción normal


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Urination Disorders/therapy , Electric Stimulation Therapy , Urinary Incontinence/therapy , Sacrococcygeal Region/innervation , Quality of Life , Chronic Disease , Patient Selection
7.
J Auton Nerv Syst ; 76(1): 15-27, 1999 Apr 16.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10323303

ABSTRACT

We examined the effects in male rats of bilateral transection of two nerves previously implicated in erectile function, the viscerocutaneous branch of the pelvic nerve (Vc) and the hypogastric nerve (HgN). In Experiment 1 (conducted in Storrs), males underwent simultaneous or successive section of Vc and HgN and were tested for copulation, reflexive erection, and noncontact erection (NCE), i.e. in response to remote cues from estrous females. NCE is considered to be analogous to 'psychogenic' erection in humans, for which the HgN has been ascribed a significant role. In all three types of test, males had a moderate to severe deficit in erectile function after Vc transection. Section of HgN alone had no apparent pro- or anti-erectile effect in any context, nor did it affect the decrement resulting from Vc surgery. Regardless of treatment, all groups retained some erectile potential in each type of test. The loss of bladder function after Vc surgery and of seminal plug deposition after HgN section gave evidence that the targeted nerves were in fact severed. In Experiment 2 (conducted in Xalapa), males were tested only for NCE, but (a) they were tested every 3 days beginning 3 days after each surgery, (b) the interval between the two surgeries was more than 2 weeks, rather than 1 week as in Experiment 1, to allow more time for recovery from general effects of surgery and for hypothetical plasticity of neural function. In the first test after the first surgery, all groups had a modest reduction in the proportion of males displaying NCE, relative to sham-operated males. However, this deficit did not extend to measures of NCE latency or number, and was absent after the second test. After the second surgery, when all males except those with sham operations had both nerves cut, none of the groups exhibited a significant deficit in NCE, and all groups had at least one test in which at least half the males responded. Thus, (a) HgN section did not significantly impair NCE, reflexive erection, or copulation; (b) Vc section impaired, but did not eliminate, erection in all three contexts, but even those effects may be transient; and (c) transection of both nerves, simultaneously or successively, did not cause a greater impairment in erection than did cutting just the Vc. We infer that the HgN may have no pro-erectile role in erection in rats, even in a model analogous to psychogenic erection. The Vc is probably the most important nerve mediating pro-erectile function in NCE, as in reflexive erection and copulation, but this nerve may not be essential for erection in rats in any context, at least in some males.


Subject(s)
Penile Erection/physiology , Peripheral Nerves/physiology , Animals , Copulation/physiology , Denervation , Female , Male , Pelvis/innervation , Rats , Rats, Long-Evans , Reflex/physiology , Sacrococcygeal Region/innervation , Skin/innervation , Viscera/innervation
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