ABSTRACT
CONTEXT: Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis is a secondary symptom associated with HIV infection appears as levels of CD4 lymphocyte cells and T4 lymphocyte cell. Isotretinoin, an analog of vitamin A (retinoid) alters the DNA transcription mechanism and interferes in the process of DNA formation. It also inhibits the eosinophilic chemotactic factors present in sebaceous lipids and in the stratum corneum of patients suffering from this ailment. OBJECTIVE: The present research was aimed to formulate isotretenoin-loaded invasomal gel to deliver and target the drug to pilosebaceous follicular unit. METHODS: Nine invasomal formulations (F1-F9) were prepared applying 32 factorial designs and characterized. RESULTS: Formulation F9 was selected as optimized formulation due to optimum results and highest %CDP of 85.94 ± 1.86% in 8 h. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) suggested uniformity in vesicles shape and size in F9 and developed as invasomal gel (IG). LIMITATIONS: Clinical phase-I, phase-II, and phase-III studies will be required before using on human patients. CONCLUSION: Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) validates that IG successfully reaches the pilosebaceous follicular unit and further studied on cell line (SZ-95) exhibited IC50 of ≤8 (25 µM of isotretenoin). Cell cycle analysis confirmed IG arrested the cell growth up to 82% with insignificant difference to pure isotretenion.
Subject(s)
CD4 Lymphocyte Count/methods , Cell Cycle/physiology , Eosinophilia/diet therapy , Folliculitis/diet therapy , HIV Infections/pathology , Isotretinoin/therapeutic use , Microscopy, Confocal/methods , Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous/physiopathology , Cell Cycle/drug effects , Eosinophilia/pathology , Folliculitis/pathology , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Humans , Isotretinoin/chemistry , Isotretinoin/pharmacology , Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous/diet therapy , Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous/etiology , Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous/pathologyABSTRACT
Many dermatologic diseases are chronic with no definitive cure. For some diseases, the etiology is not completely understood, with treatment being difficult and associated with side effects. In such cases, patients may try alternative treatments to prevent onset, reduce symptom severity, or prevent reoccurrence of a disease. Dietary modification, through supplementation and exclusion, is an extremely popular treatment modality for patients with dermatologic conditions. It is, therefore, important for dermatologists to be aware of the growing body of literature pertaining to nutrition and skin disease to appropriately inform patients on benefits and harms of specific dietary interventions. We address the role of nutrition in psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, urticaria, and bullous diseases and specific dietary modifications as an adjunct or alternative to conventional therapy.
Subject(s)
Diet , Dietary Supplements , Skin Diseases/diet therapy , Skin Diseases/drug therapy , Trace Elements/therapeutic use , Vitamins/therapeutic use , Acrodermatitis/drug therapy , Acrodermatitis/etiology , Dermatitis, Atopic/diet therapy , Dermatitis, Atopic/drug therapy , Dermatitis, Atopic/etiology , Food Hypersensitivity/complications , Humans , Necrolytic Migratory Erythema/etiology , Pellagra/drug therapy , Porphyrias, Hepatic/diet therapy , Porphyrias, Hepatic/drug therapy , Porphyrias, Hepatic/etiology , Psoriasis/diet therapy , Psoriasis/drug therapy , Psoriasis/etiology , Skin Diseases/etiology , Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous/diet therapy , Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous/drug therapy , Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous/etiology , Urticaria/diet therapy , Urticaria/drug therapy , Urticaria/etiology , Zinc/deficiencyABSTRACT
Autoimmune and nonautoimmune bullous diseases can both be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Although our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of these diseases has increased tremendously, there is still much to learn about the various factors affecting their onset, course, and therapy. In recent years, increasing information has been published about the effect of vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients on bullous skin diseases. Some factors are believed to be inducers (thiol and phenol-containing foods in pemphigus), whereas others are believed to be protective (antioxidants in cutaneous porphyrias). This contribution reviews the evidence in the literature of the role of various dietary factors in bullous diseases, including the nonautoimmune and the deficiency dermatoses. Additional studies and new investigations are needed to provide a better understanding of the specific associations of dietary factors with bullous diseases and better management for patients affected by these conditions.
Subject(s)
Diet , Dietary Supplements , Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous/diet therapy , Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous/etiology , Acrodermatitis/diet therapy , Acrodermatitis/etiology , Dermatitis Herpetiformis/diet therapy , Dermatitis Herpetiformis/etiology , Diet/adverse effects , Diet, Gluten-Free , Epidermolysis Bullosa/diet therapy , Epidermolysis Bullosa/etiology , Humans , Necrolytic Migratory Erythema/diet therapy , Necrolytic Migratory Erythema/etiology , Pellagra/diet therapy , Pellagra/etiology , Pemphigoid, Bullous/diet therapy , Pemphigoid, Bullous/etiology , Protoporphyria, Erythropoietic/diet therapy , Protoporphyria, Erythropoietic/etiology , Zinc/deficiencySubject(s)
Acrodermatitis/pathology , Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous/pathology , Acrodermatitis/complications , Acrodermatitis/diet therapy , Crohn Disease/complications , Crohn Disease/pathology , Dietary Supplements , Humans , Male , Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous/complications , Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous/diet therapy , Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous/drug therapy , Treatment Outcome , Young Adult , Zinc/administration & dosage , Zinc/deficiencyABSTRACT
A study was undertaken to determine whether the skin eruption of linear IgA disease (LAD) was gluten dependent. Six patients with LAD were treated with a gluten free diet (GFD) for an average period of 33 months (range 19-48). Although one patient with LAD had an enteropathy which was clearly gluten sensitive, there was no convincing evidence that the rash of any of the patients responded to a GFD. Four of the six patients showed no significant alteration in their drug requirements. The remaining 2 patients showed a fall in minimum drug requirement but there was no increase after gluten challenge indicating that they were entering spontaneous remission. This contrasts to the situation in dermatitis herpetiformis, where both the rash and the enteropathy are gluten dependent. These data add further to the evidence that LAD and dermatitis herpetiformis are separate entities.