ABSTRACT
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Subject(s)
Humans , Endocarditis, Bacterial/microbiology , Staphylococcus/pathogenicity , Streptococcus/pathogenicity , Enterococcus/pathogenicity , Gastrointestinal Diseases/microbiology , Streptococcus gallolyticus/pathogenicityABSTRACT
Aim: The aim of the study was to examine the prevalence and amount of Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) and Streptococcus gallolyticus (Sg) in the saliva of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and controls. Methods: PCR analyses performed in 71 CRC patients and 77 controls. Results: Saliva samples of patients had higher amounts of Fn (p = 0.001) and Sg (p < 0.001) compared with controls. Amount of Fn and Sg were lower in the microsatellite instability (+) group. Evaluation of salivary Sg amount by receiver operating characteristics analysis found to have diagnostic value for CRC (AUC: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.72-0.96). Conclusion: We found higher amounts of Fn and Sg in the saliva of CRC patients. Salivary Sg could helpful in distinction of CRC.
Subject(s)
Colorectal Neoplasms/microbiology , Fusobacterium nucleatum/isolation & purification , Saliva/microbiology , Streptococcus gallolyticus/isolation & purification , Bacterial Load , Case-Control Studies , Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics , Dysbiosis/complications , Dysbiosis/microbiology , Female , Fusobacterium nucleatum/genetics , Fusobacterium nucleatum/pathogenicity , Gastrointestinal Microbiome/genetics , Humans , Male , Microsatellite Instability , Middle Aged , Porphyromonas gingivalis/genetics , Porphyromonas gingivalis/isolation & purification , Porphyromonas gingivalis/pathogenicity , Streptococcus gallolyticus/genetics , Streptococcus gallolyticus/pathogenicityABSTRACT
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Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Urinary Tract Infections/drug therapy , Streptococcus gallolyticus/drug effects , Streptococcal Infections/drug therapy , Bacteriuria/microbiology , Retrospective Studies , Streptococcus gallolyticus/pathogenicitySubject(s)
Endocarditis, Bacterial/microbiology , Endocarditis/microbiology , Pulmonary Veins/microbiology , Streptococcal Infections/microbiology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Bacteremia , Endocarditis/diagnosis , Endocarditis/drug therapy , Endocarditis, Bacterial/diagnosis , Endocarditis, Bacterial/drug therapy , Gentamicins/pharmacology , Humans , Infant , Male , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Multilocus Sequence Typing , Penicillin G/pharmacology , Streptococcal Infections/diagnosis , Streptococcus gallolyticus/drug effects , Streptococcus gallolyticus/pathogenicity , Vaccines, Conjugate , Vancomycin/therapeutic useABSTRACT
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Colorectal cancer (CRC) development has been associated with increased proportions of Bacteroides fragilis and certain Streptococcus, Fusobacterium, and Peptostreptococcus species in the intestinal microbiota. We investigated associations between bacteremia from specific intestinal microbes and occurrence of CRC. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study after collecting data on 13,096 adult patients (exposed group) in Hong Kong hospitalized with bacteremia (identified by blood culture test) without a previous diagnosis of cancer from January 1, 2006 through December 31, 2015. We collected data on intestinal microbes previously associated with CRC (genera Bacteroides, Clostridium, Filifactor, Fusobacterium, Gemella, Granulicatella, Parvimonas, Peptostreptococcus, Prevotella, Solobacterium, and Streptococcus). Clinical information, including patient demographics, comorbid medical conditions, date of bacteremia, and bacterial species identified, were collected. The incidence of biopsy-proved CRC was compared between the exposed and unexposed (patients without bacteremia matched for age, sex, and comorbidities) groups. RESULTS: The risk of CRC was increased in patients with bacteremia from B fragilis (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.85, 95% CI = 2.62-5.64, P = 5.5 × 10-12) or Streptococcus gallolyticus (HR = 5.73, 95% CI = 2.18-15.1, P = 4.1 × 10-4) compared with the unexposed group. In addition, the risk of CRC was increased in patients with bacteremia from Fusobacterium nucleatum (HR = 6.89, 95% CI = 1.70-27.9, P = .007), Peptostreptococcus species (HR = 3.06, 95% CI = 1.47-6.35, P = .003), Clostridium septicum (HR = 17.1, 95% CI = 1.82-160, P = .013), Clostridium perfringens (HR = 2.29, 95% CI = 1.16-4.52, P = .017), or Gemella morbillorum (HR = 15.2, 95% CI = 1.54-150, P = .020). We observed no increased risk in patients with bacteremia caused by microbes not previously associated with colorectal neoplasms. CONCLUSIONS: In a retrospective analysis of patients hospitalized for bacteremia, we associated later diagnosis of CRC with B fragilis and S gallolyticus and other intestinal microbes. These bacteria might have entered the bloodstream from intestinal dysbiosis and perturbed barrier function. These findings support a model in which specific members of the intestinal microbiota promote colorectal carcinogenesis. Clinicians should evaluate patients with bacteremia from these species for neoplastic lesions in the colorectum.
Subject(s)
Bacteremia/microbiology , Colon/microbiology , Colorectal Neoplasms/blood , Dysbiosis/blood , Gastrointestinal Microbiome , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Bacteroides fragilis/isolation & purification , Bacteroides fragilis/pathogenicity , Biopsy , Carcinogenesis , Colon/pathology , Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Colorectal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Colorectal Neoplasms/microbiology , Dysbiosis/diagnosis , Dysbiosis/epidemiology , Dysbiosis/microbiology , Female , Hong Kong/epidemiology , Humans , Incidence , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Streptococcus gallolyticus/isolation & purification , Streptococcus gallolyticus/pathogenicityABSTRACT
We report nosocomial transmission of Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus among 3 neonates, 1 of whom died. Genome analysis of the strains showed a specific pattern of metabolic and regulatory functions as well as of expressed antigens and antibiotic resistance genes that might have contributed to their specific virulence.