Inserção das lutas na educação física escolar da cidade de Muriaé-MG / Insertion of fights in school physical education in the city of Muriaé-MG / Inserción de las luchas en la educación física escolar de la ciudad de Muriaé-Mg

O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar se os professores de Educação Física escolar utilizam o conteúdo Lutas em suas aulas na cidade de Muriaé - MG. Participaram da pesquisa sete professores de educação física de escolas públicas e privadas. Foi aplicada uma entrevista semiestruturada e os dados foram analisados através da Análise de Conteúdo. Observou-se que apenas dois professores desenvolvem o conteúdo lutas em suas aulas. Falta de preparo e conhecimento foram apontados como os principais motivos para a não abordagem desse conteúdo nas aulas. Concluiu-se que as lutas ainda são pouco utilizadas nas aulas de Educação Física escolar e que a formação de professores é um ponto chave para a solução dessa defasagem (AU).

The objective was to verify if teachers of Physical Education at school use the content Fight in their classes in the city of Muriaé - MG. Seven physical education teachers from public and private schools participated in the research. A semi-structured interview was applied and the data were analyzed through Content Analysis. It was observed that only two teachers develop the content fights in their classes. Lack of preparation and knowledge were pointed out as the main reasons for not addressing this content in class. It was concluded that the struggles are still little used in school Physical Education classes, and that the training of teachers is a key point for the solution of this gap (AU).

El objetivo fue verificar si los profesores de Educación Física en la escuela utilizan el contenido Lucha en sus clases en la ciudad de Muriaé - MG. En la investigación participaron siete profesores de educación física de escuelas públicas y privadas. Se aplicó una entrevista semiestructurada y los datos se analizaron mediante Análisis de Contenido. Se observó que solo dos docentes desarrollan las luchas de contenido en sus clases. La falta de preparación y conocimiento fueron señalados como los principales motivos para no abordar este contenido en clase. Se concluyó que las luchas aún son poco utilizadas en las clases de Educación Física escolar, y que la formación de los docentes es un punto clave para la solución de esta brecha (AU).

Factores que influyen en el proceso de formación de los judokas olímpicos / Factors that influence the process of formation of the olympic judokas

Con el objetivo de analizar los factores que influyen en el proceso de formación deportiva de los judokas españoles olímpicos, se aplicó una entrevista semiestructurada de 52 preguntas agrupadas en 6 dimensiones (Contexto Deportivo, Contexto Social, Proceso de Formación, Psicológica, Técnico-táctica, Condición Física). Los resultados muestran que los judokas olímpicos se iniciaron en la práctica del Judo a los 6,90 ± 3,02 años, concretamente las mujeres a los 6,80 ± 2,88 años y los hombres algo más tarde, a los 7 ± 3,42 años, el 95% (n=19) influenciados, fundamentalmente, por un familiar. Además, destaca que ninguno de los entrevistados consiguió medalla en categorías inferiores. Para el 75% (n=15) de los judokas olímpicos es muy importante llevar una sincronización del entrenamiento técnico-táctico, de la condición física y de los aspectos psicológicos de forma integrada

With the aim of analizing the factors that have an influence on the sports training process of the olympic Spanish judokas, a semistructured interview of 52 questions grouped in 6 aspects was carried out: Sports Context, Social Context, Training Process, Psychological Condition, Technical-Tactical Condition and Physical Conditon). The results show that olympic judokas began practising judo at the age of 6.90 ± 3.02 years. Specifically, women started at the age of 6.80 ± 2.88, and men slightly later, at the age of 7 ± 3.42 years. 95% (n=19) of them were mainly influenced by a relative. Moreover, it is to be highlighted that none of the interviewees won a medal in low categories. For 75% (n=15) of the olympic judokas, it is very important that technical-tactical training, physical condition training and psychological aspects be synchronised in an integrated way

Rendimiento físico y psicológico en lucha olímpica: predictores del éxito en lucha femenina / Physical and psychological wrestling performance: success predictors in female Olympic wrestling

Este estudio se llevó a cabo para determinar los componentes del rendimiento físico, psicológico y antropométrico relacionado con el éxito en lucha olímpica femenina. Treinta y cinco mujeres luchadoras de la especialidad de Libre Olímpica Femenina fueron divididas en dos grupos de acuerdo a su nivel competitivo: Élite (n=13) y Amateur (n=22). Todos los sujetos fueron sometidos a una valoración antropométrica, a una completa batería de test físicos (test de fuerza dinámica e isométrica máxima, potencia muscular, test Wingate de brazos, velocidad de desplazamiento y test de extensibilidad isquiosural) así como una valoración de sus características psicológicas asociadas al rendimiento deportivo mediante el Inventario Psicológico de Ejecución Deportiva. Las luchadoras de élite presentaron niveles superiores en edad, experiencia en el entrenamiento, fuerza dinámica e isométrica máxima, potencia mecánica máxima, potencia y capacidad anaeróbica del test Wingate, así como valores inferiores en masa grasa. Las luchadoras de élite mostraron igualmente autopercepciones significativamente superiores en la escala de autoconfianza en relación a las luchadoras amateur. Estos resultados sugieren que la optimización del metabolismo anaeróbico y neuromuscular, así como determinadas habilidades psicológicas asociadas al rendimiento deportivo son condicionales y por lo tanto predictoras del éxito en lucha olímpica femenina (AU)

This study was undertaken to determine differences in physical, psychological and body composition variables related to success in female Olympic wrestling. Thirty five female freestyle wrestlers were assigned into two groups according to their competitive level: Elite (n=13) and Amateur (n=22). All subjects underwent an anthropometric assessment, a complete physical fitness test battery (maximal dynamic and isometric strength, muscle power output, crank-arm Wingate test, running speed and hamstring extensibility) as well as psychological characteristics assessment associated with sport performance through the Psychological Performance Inventory. Elite wrestlers were older, had more training experience, maximal dynamic and isometric strength, muscle power, mean and peak power during the crank-arm Wingate test, as well as lower percent body fat values. Furthermore, elite wrestlers showed significantly higher self-perceptions in the self-confidence scale. The present results suggest that several neuromuscular, anaerobic and psychological performance markers can be consider such as success predictors in female Olympic wrestling (AU)

Handedness and footedness: relations to differences in sprinting speed and multiple sprints performance in prepubertal boys.

Physical performance and movement skills are differentiated by brain hemispheric dominance. Relations of handedness and footedness to differences in sprint speed and multiple sprints performances were investigated in 362 prepubertal, male, novice wrestlers. Participants with two months of irregular training experience were grouped by hand and foot preferences and matched on age and anthropometry. Mean running speed was associated with the number of sprints and handedness, but not with footedness. The decrease in sprint speed was less for right-handed subjects, who also had better sprinting speed and multiple sprint performance. Symmetrical arm and leg strength development for left-handers should be emphasized.

Chromium picolinate effects on body composition and muscular performance in wrestlers.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of 14 wk of chromium picolinate supplementation during the final 16 wk of a preseason resistance and conditioning program on body composition and neuromuscular performance in NCAA Division I wrestlers. During this phase of training, wrestlers are primarily interested in trying to improve physical performance and wrestling technique and are not engaged in severe, acute weight loss practices commonly employed before competition. METHODS: This double-blinded, randomized placebo-controlled study involved 20 wrestlers from the University of Oklahoma assigned to either a treatment group (Cr+3; N = 7; 20.4 yr +/- 0.1) receiving 200 micrograms chromium picolinate daily, a placebo group (P; N = 7; 19.9 yr +/- 0.2), or a control group (C; N = 6; 20.2 yr +/- 0.1) using a stratified random sampling technique based on weight classification. Body composition, neuromuscular performance, metabolic performance, and serum insulin and glucose were measured before and immediately following the supplementation and training period. RESULTS: Repeated measures ANOVA indicated no significant changes in body composition for any of the groups. Aerobic power increased significantly (P < 0.002) in all groups, independent of supplementation. There were significant trial and group x trial interactions for upper body endurance (P = 0.038) and relative bench press power (P = 0.050). Post-hoc analyses revealed that the C group increased upper body endurance (P = 0.006), but none of the pre- to post-test changes in bench press power were significant. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that chromium picolinate supplementation coupled with a typical preseason training program does not enhance body composition or performance variables beyond improvements seen with training alone.

Health and weight control management among wrestlers. A proposed program for high school athletes.

Weight loss is a part of any competitive sport which matches participants of equal weight or sports where participating at lower weights or with a thinner body habitus is considered an advantage. For some wrestlers, weight loss is excessive and often accomplished by methods that lead to loss of lean body mass and total body water. There is convincing evidence that this excessive weight loss is unhealthy for all individuals who follow these practices. Even greater harm is experienced by high school wrestlers who have not yet completed their growth and development. These health consequences include growth retardation, decreased academic performance, altered endocrine or hormonal function and damage to many vital organs. "cycling" of weight results in decrease in strength, power and endurance which would effect adversely a wrestler's likelihood of success. The VHSL has begun an educational program to inform coaches, wrestlers and parents about the hazards inherent in these weight loss practices. History suggests that education alone will not alter the present practices of weight loss. Therefore a weight management program similar to ones initiated in other states is being pursued by the VHSL. The pilot program this year is scheduled to be followed next year by a more wide-spread voluntary program across the Commonwealth.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)