Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Infections , Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic , Cytokine Release Syndrome , HumansABSTRACT
Resumen de eventos de notificación hasta SE 21/2022. Alertas internacionales, situación epidemiológica de dengue, situación epidemiológica de zika y Chikungunya, infección respiratoria aguda, neumonías, situación mundial del 2019-nCov (OMS), vigilancia centinela de influenza y otros virus respiratorios, vigilancia centinela de rotavirus y enfermedad diarreica aguda
Summary of notification events until SE 21/2022. International alerts, epidemiological situation of dengue, epidemiological situation of Zika and Chikungunya, acute respiratory infection, pneumonia, global situation of 2019-nCov (WHO), sentinel surveillance of influenza and other respiratory viruses, sentinel surveillance of rotavirus and acute diarrheal disease
Subject(s)
Epidemiology , Electronic Publications , Infections , Viruses , Surveillance , NotificationABSTRACT
Resumen de eventos de notificación hasta SE 22/2022. Alertas internacionales, situación epidemiológica de dengue, situación epidemiológica de zika y Chikungunya, infección respiratoria aguda, neumonías, situación mundial del 2019-nCov (OMS), vigilancia centinela de influenza y otros virus respiratorios, vigilancia centinela de rotavirus y enfermedad diarreica aguda
Summary of notification events until SE 22/2022. International alerts, epidemiological situation of dengue, epidemiological situation of Zika and Chikungunya, acute respiratory infection, pneumonia, global situation of 2019-nCov (WHO), sentinel surveillance of influenza and other respiratory viruses, sentinel surveillance of rotavirus and acute diarrheal disease
Subject(s)
Epidemiology , Electronic Publications , Infections , Viruses , Alert , NotificationABSTRACT
Resumen de eventos de notificación hasta SE 20/2022. Alertas internacionales, situación epidemiológica de dengue, situación epidemiológica de zika y Chikungunya, infección respiratoria aguda, neumonías, situación mundial del 2019-nCov (OMS), vigilancia centinela de influenza y otros virus respiratorios, vigilancia centinela de rotavirus y enfermedad diarreica aguda
Summary of notification events until SE 20/2022. International alerts, epidemiological situation of dengue, epidemiological situation of Zika and Chikungunya, acute respiratory infection, pneumonia, global situation of 2019-nCov (WHO), sentinel surveillance of influenza and other respiratory viruses, sentinel surveillance of rotavirus and acute diarrheal disease
Subject(s)
Epidemiology , Electronic Publications , Infections , Surveillance , Notification , El SalvadorABSTRACT
Objetivo. Evaluar y comparar la capacidad del lactato, la procalcitonina (PCT) y de los criterios definitorios de sepsis (síndrome de respuesta inflamatoria sistémica SRIS y del quick Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment qSOFA) para predecir mortalidad a 30 días, o infección con confirmación microbiológica o bacteriemia verdadera (BV) en los pa- cientes que acuden al servicio de urgencias hospitalario (SUH) por un episodio de sospecha de infección. Método. Estudio observacional de cohortes, multicéntrico, prospectivo. Se incluyó por oportunidad a pacientes $ 18 años atendidos por sospecha de infección en 71 SUH españoles desde el 01/10/2019 al 31/03/2020. Se analizó la capacidad predictiva con el área bajo la curva (ABC) de la característica operativa del receptor (COR) y puntos de de- cisión predeterminados. Resultados. Se incluyeron 4.439 pacientes con edad media de 67 (18) años, 2.648 (59,7%) fueron hombres, fallecie- ron a los 30 días 459 (10,3%), se consideraron BV 899 (20,2%) y se consiguió confirmación microbiológica en 2.057 (46,3%). Para la mortalidad a 30 días la mejor ABC-COR fue la obtenida con el modelo qSOFA $ 2 más lactato $ 2 mmol/l con un ABC-COR de 0,738 (0,711-0,765). Para predecir BV y confirmación microbiológica el mejor rendi- miento se obtuvo con el modelo de SRIS $ 2 más PCT $ 0,51 ng/ml, con un ABC-COR de 0,890 (0,880-0,901) y 0,713 (0,698-0,728), respectivamente. Conclusiones. Para la predicción de mortalidad a 30 días, el qSOFA $ 2 es superior al SRIS $ 2 y el mejor rendimien- to lo consigue el modelo qSOFA $ 2 más lactato $ 2 mmol/l. Para predecir BV y confirmación microbiológica, la PCT es superior al lactato y el mejor rendimiento lo obtiene el modelo SRIS $ 2 más PCT $ 0,51 ng/ml.
Objectives. To evaluate lactate, procalcitonin, criteria defining systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and the Quick Sepsis-Related Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) and compare their ability to predict 30-day mortality, infection with microbiologic confirmation, and true bacteremia in patients treated for infection in hospital emergency departments. Methods. Prospective multicenter observational cohort study. We enrolled a convenience sample of patients aged 18 years or older attended in 71 Spanish emergency departments from October 1, 2019, to March 31, 2020. Each models predictive power was analyzed with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), and predetermined decision points were assessed. Results. A total of 4439 patients with a mean (SD) age of 18 years were studied; 2648 (59.7%) were men and 459 (10.3%) died within 30 days. True bacteremia was detected in 899 (20.25%), and microbiologic confirmation was on record for 2057 (46.3%). The model that included the qSOFA score ($ 2) and lactate concentration ($ 0.738 mmol/L; 95% CI, 0.711-0.765 mmol/L) proved to be the best predictor of 30-day mortality, with an AUC of 0.890 (95% CI, 0.880-0.901). The model that included the SIRS score ($ 2) and procalcitonin concentration ($ 0.51 ng/mL) proved to be the best predictor of true bacteremia and microbiologic confirmation, with an AUC of 0.713 (95% CI, 0.698-0.728). Conclusions. A qSOFA score of 2 or more plus lactate concentration ($ 0.738 mmol/L) predict 30-day mortality better than the combination of a SIRS score of 2 or more and procalcitonin concentration. A SIRS score of 2 or more plus procalcitonin concentration ($ 0.51 ng/mL) predict true bacteremia and microbiologic confirmation.
Subject(s)
Humans , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Mortality , Emergency Medical Services , Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome , Lactic Acid , Procalcitonin , Sepsis , Bacteremia , Infections , Prospective Studies , SpainABSTRACT
Babesiosis causes high morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised individuals. An earlier study suggested that lethal Babesia rodhaini infection in murine can be evaded by Babesia microti primary infection via activated macrophage-based immune response during the chronic stage of infection. However, whether the same immune dynamics occur during acute B. microti co-infection is not known. Hence, we used the mouse model to investigate the host immunity during simultaneous acute disease caused by two Babesia species of different pathogenicity. Results showed that B. microti primary infection attenuated parasitemia and conferred immunity in challenge-infected mice as early as day 4 post-primary infection. Likewise, acute Babesia co-infection undermined the splenic immune response, characterized by the significant decrease in splenic B and T cells leading to the reduction in antibody levels and decline in humoral immunity. Interestingly, increased macrophage and natural killer splenic cell populations were observed, depicting their subtle role in the protection. Pro-inflammatory cytokines (i.e. IFN-γ, TNF-α) were downregulated, while the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was upregulated in mouse sera during the acute phase of Babesia co-infection. Herein, the major cytokines implicated in the lethality caused by B. rodhaini infection were IFN- γ and IL-10. Surprisingly, significant differences in the levels of serum IFN- γ and IL-10 between co-infected survival groups (day 4 and 6 challenge) indicated that even a two-day delay in challenge infection was crucial for the resulting pathology. Additionally, oxidative stress in the form of reactive oxygen species contributed to the severity of pathology during acute babesiosis. Histopathological examination of the spleen showed that the erosion of the marginal zone was more pronounced during B. rodhaini infection, while the loss of cellularity of the marginal zone was less evident during co-infection. Future research warrants investigation of the roles of various immune cell subtypes in the mechanism involved in the protection of Babesia co-infected hosts.
Subject(s)
Babesia , Babesiosis , Coinfection , Infections , Animals , Cytokines , Interferon-gamma , Interleukin-10 , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB CABSTRACT
CD47, a transmembrane glycoprotein widely expressed on the cell surface, is one of the important checkpoints through which cells escape innate immune surveillance. The important role of CD47-related signaling pathway and changes in expression level in immune regulation, pathogen infection and anti-tumor immunity has gradually come to be recognized. We reviewed herein the structure and biological characteristics of CD47, the interaction and the downstream signaling of CD47 with integrin, thrombospondin 1, and signal regulatory protein, and the upregulated expression of CD47 induced by the infection of different pathogens and the role of CD47 in different types of immune response to infection. Discussions were made regarding the prospective application of CD47 targeted immunotherapy in pathogenic infection-related cancers, intending to provide guidance for future research.
Subject(s)
CD47 Antigen , Infections , CD47 Antigen/metabolism , Humans , Signal TransductionABSTRACT
Resumen de eventos de notificación hasta SE 19/2022. Alertas internacionales, situación epidemiológica de dengue, situación epidemiológica de zika y Chikungunya, infección respiratoria aguda, neumonías, situación mundial del 2019-nCov (OMS), vigilancia centinela de influenza y otros virus respiratorios, vigilancia centinela de rotavirus y enfermedad diarreica aguda
Summary of notification events until SE 19/2022. International alerts, epidemiological situation of dengue, epidemiological situation of Zika and Chikungunya, acute respiratory infection, pneumonia, global situation of 2019-nCov (WHO), sentinel surveillance of influenza and other respiratory viruses, sentinel surveillance of rotavirus and acute diarrheal disease
Subject(s)
Epidemiology , Electronic Publications , Infections , Surveillance , Notification , El SalvadorABSTRACT
Resumen de eventos de notificación hasta SE 17/2022. Alertas internacionales, situación epidemiológica de dengue, situación epidemiológica de zika y Chikungunya, infección respiratoria aguda, neumonías, situación mundial del 2019-nCov (OMS), vigilancia centinela de influenza y otros virus respiratorios, vigilancia centinela de rotavirus y enfermedad diarreica aguda.
Summary of notification events until SE 17/2022. International alerts, epidemiological situation of dengue, epidemiological situation of Zika and Chikungunya, acute respiratory infection, pneumonia, global situation of 2019-nCov (WHO), sentinel surveillance of influenza and other respiratory viruses, sentinel surveillance of rotavirus and acute diarrheal disease
Subject(s)
Epidemiology , Surveillance , Electronic Publications , Viruses , Notification , InfectionsABSTRACT
Resumen de eventos de notificación hasta SE 18/2022. Alertas internacionales, situación epidemiológica de dengue, situación epidemiológica de zika y Chikungunya, infección respiratoria aguda, neumonías, situación mundial del 2019-nCov (OMS), vigilancia centinela de influenza y otros virus respiratorios, vigilancia centinela de rotavirus y enfermedad diarreica aguda
Summary of notification events until SE 18/2022. International alerts, epidemiological situation of dengue, epidemiological situation of Zika and Chikungunya, acute respiratory infection, pneumonia, global situation of 2019-nCov (WHO), sentinel surveillance of influenza and other respiratory viruses, sentinel surveillance of rotavirus and acute diarrheal disease
Subject(s)
Epidemiology , Electronic Publications , Infections , Viruses , Alert , NotificationABSTRACT
Protothecosis is a rare condition caused by the aclorophylated algae of the genus Prototheca. We described an exuberant case treated as sporotrichosis with prolonged course which evolved to arm deformation. Itraconazole treatment for 8 months was inefective.
Subject(s)
Dermatology , Infections , Prototheca , Skin Diseases, Infectious , Humans , Infections/etiology , Skin Diseases, Infectious/diagnosis , Skin Diseases, Infectious/drug therapyABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Skin disorders are common among children, most especially the infections and infestations as the immunity is not fully developed during childhood. Skin disorders are among common causes of morbidity in developing countries of Sub-Saharan Africa.Skin disorders are major cause of concern among children. This study aimed to document the prevalence of skin diseases among children who attended the paediatric outpatient clinic of the Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH) Kano, Nigeria. METHODS: It was a cross-sectional study. The study population included children aged between 6 weeks and 14years from the study area who attend Paediatric Out Patient Department (POPD) clinics recruited consecutively. Data obtained from the patients included age, gender, clinical features, socio-economic class and diagnosis. RESULT: Two hundred and twenty-three children aged 6weeks to 14years were enrolled into the study. The mean age of the children was 84.42+ 40.12. There were 110 males (49.3%) and 113 females (50.7%) with Male to female ratio 1:1.1. Fifty-five children (24.7%) had skin disorders. There were 14 specific diagnosis made. The leading categories were infections accounting for 18.3% of the skin disorders (p < 0.001). Seborrheic dermatitis was the commonest specific diagnosis found among 3.1% of the children. CONCLUSION: Prevalence of skin disorders among children attending POPD of Aminiu Kano Teaching Hospital is 24.7%. Infections and infestations were the commonest category of skin disorders found.
Subject(s)
Infections , Skin Diseases , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Hospitals, Teaching , Humans , Infant , Male , Nigeria/epidemiology , Prevalence , Skin Diseases/epidemiologySubject(s)
Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis , COVID-19 , Infections , Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis/drug therapy , Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis/epidemiology , Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic , Humans , PandemicsABSTRACT
La norma contiene los criterios técnicos para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de los pacientes pediátricos (menores de 18 años de edad) con infección probable o confirmada por el SARS-CoV-2 causante de COVID-19 y del síndrome inflamatorio multisistémico pediátrico asociado a SARS-CoV-2
Subject(s)
Therapeutics , Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome , Minors , Diagnosis , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19 , InfectionsABSTRACT
The 9th web-based European Conference on Infections in Leukemia (ECIL-9), held September 16-17, 2021, reviewed the risk of infections and febrile neutropenia associated with more recently approved immunotherapeutic agents and molecular targeted drugs for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Novel antibody based treatment approaches (inotuzumab ozogamicin, gemtuzumab ozogamicin, flotetuzumab), isocitrate dehydrogenases inhibitors (ivosidenib, enasidenib, olutasidenib), FLT3 kinase inhibitors (gilteritinib, midostaurin, quizartinib), a hedgehog inhibitor (glasdegib) as well as a BCL2 inhibitor (venetoclax) were reviewed with respect to their mode of action, their immunosuppressive potential, their current approval and the infectious complications and febrile neutropenia reported from clinical studies. Evidence-based recommendations for prevention and management of infectious complications and specific alerts regarding the potential for drug-drug interactions were developed and discussed in a plenary session with the panel of experts until consensus was reached. The set of recommendations was posted on the ECIL website for a month for comments from members of EBMT, EORTC, ICHS and ELN before final approval by the panelists. While a majority of these agents are not associated with a significantly increased risk when used as monotherapy, caution is required with combination therapy such as venetoclax plus hypomethylating agents, gemtuzumab ozogamicin plus cytotoxic drugs or midostaurin added to conventional AML chemotherapy.
Subject(s)
Biological Therapy , Febrile Neutropenia , Infections , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma , Antibodies, Monoclonal/adverse effects , Biological Therapy/adverse effects , Febrile Neutropenia/chemically induced , Humans , Immunocompromised Host , Infections/chemically induced , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/complications , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/complications , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/drug therapyABSTRACT
Resumen de eventos de notificación hasta SE 16/2022. Alertas internacionales, situación epidemiológica de dengue, situación epidemiológica de zika y Chikungunya, infección respiratoria aguda, neumonías, situación mundial del 2019-nCov (OMS), vigilancia centinela de influenza y otros virus respiratorios, vigilancia centinela de rotavirus y enfermedad diarreica aguda
Summary of notification events until SE 16/2022. International alerts, epidemiological situation of dengue, epidemiological situation of Zika and Chikungunya, acute respiratory infection, pneumonia, global situation of 2019-nCov (WHO), sentinel surveillance of influenza and other respiratory viruses, sentinel surveillance of rotavirus and acute diarrheal disease
Subject(s)
Epidemiology , Electronic Publications , Viruses , Surveillance , Notification , InfectionsABSTRACT
Resumen de eventos de notificación hasta SE 12/2022. Alertas internacionales, situación epidemiológica de dengue, situación epidemiológica de zika y Chikungunya, infección respiratoria aguda, neumonías, situación mundial del 2019-nCov (OMS), vigilancia centinela de influenza y otros virus respiratorios, vigilancia centinela de rotavirus y enfermedad diarreica aguda
Summary of notification events until SE 12/2022. International alerts, epidemiological situation of dengue, epidemiological situation of Zika and Chikungunya, acute respiratory infection, pneumonia, global situation of 2019-nCov (WHO), sentinel surveillance of influenza and other respiratory viruses, sentinel surveillance of rotavirus and acute diarrheal disease
Subject(s)
Epidemiology , Surveillance , Electronic Publications , Infections , Alert , Notification , El SalvadorABSTRACT
Informe que presenta la situación epidemiológica El Salvador al 18 de abril de 2022 (Datos preliminares) Principales causas de consulta, acumuladas desde el 11 de abril a la fecha, años 2021 2022 Total consultas, emergencias y referencias, Semana Santa El Salvador 2020 2021 Informe de COVID-19 I. Contexto mundial de COVID -19 II. Contexto Centroamérica y República Dominicana III. Situación Nacional, Programación semanal de tamizajes comunitarios, semana santa 2022 Recursos Humanos a disposición para este periodo del sistema integrado de salud
Report presenting the epidemiological situation of El Salvador as of April 18, 2022 (Preliminary data) Main causes of consultation, accumulated from April 11 to date, years 2021 - 2022 Total queries, emergencies and referrals, Easter El Salvador 2020 2021 COVID-19 Report I. Global Context of COVID -19 II. Context Central America and the Dominican Republic III. National Situation, Weekly programming of community screening, Holy Week 2022 Human resources available for this period of the integrated health system
