Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 82.677
Filtrar
1.
An. psicol ; 40(1): 12-19, Ene-Abri, 2024. tab, graf
Artículo en Inglés | IBECS | ID: ibc-229022

RESUMEN

La pandemia del COVID-19 ha llevado a los países a adoptar severas y prolongadas medidas que —junto con el alto número de contagios y muertes y la continua información negativa— ha afectado la salud mental de las personas. Este estudio analiza el impacto de la crisis sanitaria del COVID-19 en España explorando el rol moderador de la eficacia percibida de las medidas de contención en la relación que establece la percepción del riesgo del COVID-19 con el estrés y la depresión. Un total de 478 adultos residentes en España (un 66.9% mujeres; Medad = 36.30, DT = 15.32) completaron un cuestionario con escalas concebidas para medir el riesgo percibido del COVID-19, la eficacia percibida de las medidas de protección, el estrés y la depresión entre el 16 de mayo y el 6 de junio de 2021. Los resultados confirmaron el rol moderador de la eficacia percibida, la cual actuó como un factor protector del estrés y la depresión al disminuir el impacto negativo que la percepción de riesgo del COVID-19 tiene en ambas variables relacionadas con el distrés mental. La percepción que tienen los individuos sobre la efectividad de las medidas de protección parece ser un factor protector relevante en relación con la salud mental durante una pandemia. Se subraya la relevancia de intervenciones psicológicas y de políticas gubernamentales que mejoren la comunicación positiva del riesgo y la información adecuada sobre la eficacia de las medidas de protección.(AU)


The pandemic situation caused by COVID-19 led countries to adopt harsh and prolonged (over time) measures that—along with the high number of infections and deaths and continuous negative information—have affected the mental health of individuals. In this study, the impact on mental health of the COVID-19 health crisis in Spain was explored through the perceived efficacy of pandemic containment measures as a moderator of the relationship that COVID-19 perceived risk establishes with stress and depression. A questionnaire composed of scales conceived to measure COVID-19 perceived risk, perceived efficacy of COVID-19 prevention measures, stress, and depression was completed by 478 adults living in Spain (66.9% females, Mage= 36.30, SD= 15.32) between May 16, 2021, and June 6, 2021. The results confirmed the moderating role of per-ceived efficacy. Perceived efficacy acted as a protective factor for stress and depression by decreasing the negative impact that perceived risk had on both variables related to mentaldistress. Also, the perception that par-ticipants had about the effectiveness of prevention measures appeared to be a relevant protective factor regarding mental health during the pandem-ic. This study highlights the relevance of psychological interventions and government policies that improve positive risk communication and pro-vide adequate information regarding the effectiveness of health-prevention measures.(AU)


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , /prevención & control , Salud Mental , Estrés Psicológico , Depresión , Medidas de Seguridad , /psicología , España , Psicología , Psicología Social , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
2.
Nefrología (Madrid) ; 44(2): 150-158, Mar-Abr. 2024. tab, ilus
Artículo en Español | IBECS | ID: ibc-231564

RESUMEN

La COVID-19 ha demostrado ser especialmente agresiva con los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica (ERC). La menor tasa de respuesta inmunológica y la mayor facilidad para la progresión a formas graves de enfermedad ha propiciado este hecho, que se ha mantenido en la era posvacunal de la pandemia. Paradójicamente, la ERC ha sido excluida de la mayoría de los ensayos clínicos de las principales herramientas terapéuticas desarrolladas frente a SARS-CoV-2. Sin embargo, se ha ido reuniendo experiencia de uso de estos fármacos en distintos estadios de la ERC que avala su uso con garantías de eficacia y seguridad. El objetivo de esta revisión es reunir todas las indicaciones de tratamiento frente a la COVID-19 en los distintos estadios de la enfermedad adaptadas a la ERC en sus distintas fases, incluyendo el tratamiento sustitutivo renal.(AU)


COVID-19 has proven to be particularly aggressive in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The lower immune response rate and the greater susceptibility to progress to severe forms of the disease have contributed to this phenomenon, which has persisted in the post-vaccination era of the pandemic. Paradoxically, CKD has been excluded from most clinical trials of the main therapeutic tools developed against SARS-CoV-2. However, experience in the use of these drugs has been accumulating in different stages of CKD, supporting their use with guarantees of efficacy and safety. The objective of this review is to gather all treatment indications for COVID-19 in the different phases of the disease, tailored to CKD in its various stages, including renal replacement therapy.(AU)


Asunto(s)
Masculino , Femenino , /prevención & control , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/tratamiento farmacológico , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/prevención & control , /tratamiento farmacológico , /epidemiología , Nefrología , Enfermedades Renales/tratamiento farmacológico , Profilaxis Antibiótica
3.
Health Commun ; : 1-12, 2024 Feb 29.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38425006

RESUMEN

Many countries have implemented strict preventive measures and mandatory policies to curb virus transmission during the COVID-19 pandemic. Some have adopted softer approaches, such as nudge-based intervention, to influence public health behavior. This systematic review, conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines, aims to determine if the nudge-based intervention can effectively influence people's preventive behavior during the early period of the COVID-19 pandemic. The review indicated an overall positive outcome, but results were mixed as nudge-based interventions substantially depended on the situational context. While the review found that the nudging technique that presents and conveys decision-related information was essential to nudging people, a secondary nudge would often applied to deliver the interventions. In addition, there was no indication of an ideal nudge technique that would be effective in most situations. Conversely, our findings indicate that the nudge would likely suffer from habituation after repeated intervention or backfire due to inappropriate use of nudges. Also, the ceiling effect would inhibit any nudge influences regardless of the technique(s) used. In sum, the results and the applicability of nudge-based interventions were mixed, highlighting the need for further research to advance the theory and practical developments.

4.
Health Commun ; : 1-12, 2024 Feb 29.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38425014

RESUMEN

Social norms can be studied at both the individual and societal levels. While the influence of individual perceived norms on health behaviors has been well-documented, the role of societal-level factors in social normative influence remains unclear. We adopted a multilevel approach to investigate the impact of individual-level perceived norms, country-level collective norms, and individualistic culture on mask-wearing behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic. A secondary analysis of cross-sectional data collected from 23 countries (N = 450,223) was conducted. The findings reveal that perceived descriptive norms, perceived injunctive norms, and collective norms conjointly influenced mask-wearing behavior. Positive relationships between perceived descriptive and injunctive norms and mask wearing were stronger in countries with a higher collective norm. Furthermore, positive relationships between norms (i.e., perceived descriptive norms, perceived injunctive norms, and collective norms) and mask wearing were stronger in countries with a more individualistic culture. The study provides evidence for theorizing social normative influence beyond the individual level and underscores the importance of incorporating multilevel factors in social norm research.

6.
Wiad Lek ; 77(1): 94-104, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38431813

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Aim: The research is aimed to study certain aspects and experience of functioning of the Ukrainian Public Healthcare public management mechanisms during an outbreak of the acute respiratory disease COVID19. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: The studied materials include personal observations and accumulated practical material, as well as generalization of the collected data and their empirical treatment, conducted by the scientists, according to the present legislation requirements. The study was held using general scientific methods, including observation, description of results, specification and statistical data generalization. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Generalization, arrangement and analysis of the Ukrainian experience of the Public Healthcare public management during the outbreak of the acute respiratory disease COVID19, provides exchange of experience between all subjects of the process. This helps to produce certain practical decisions, aimed at effective responding of the state healthcare system onto management of the COVID19 outbreak. Such activities are also directed at detection of flaws in the whole system, with their subsequent correction, and elimination or neutralization of possible negative outcomes. To adopt the priority activity directions within public relations, which make the subject of the study, the authors have studied a complex of activities against spread of the COVID19 in 2019-2020. These activities include issues, related to prompt responding onto the infection spread and approving quick professional decisions; fulfilling epidemiological supervision and introducing anti-epidemic activities; providing diagnostics, and accessibility of the safe and high-quality vaccine.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Médicos , Humanos , COVID-19/epidemiología , Ucrania/epidemiología , Atención a la Salud , Brotes de Enfermedades/prevención & control
8.
J Toxicol Sci ; 49(3): 79-94, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38432955

RESUMEN

The development and regulatory review of BNT162b2, a COVID-19 vaccine, and PaxlovidTM (nirmatrelvir tablets/ritonavir tablets), a COVID-19 therapeutic, are benchmarks for accelerated innovation during a global pandemic. Rapid choice of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and main protease (Mpro) as targets for the vaccine and therapeutic, respectively, leveraged the available knowledge of the biology of SARS-CoV-2 and related viruses. The nonclinical immunogenicity and safety of BNT162b2 was rigorously assessed. Likewise, a comprehensive nonclinical safety assessment was conducted for the therapeutic candidates, lufotrelvir (PF-07304814) and nirmatrelvir (PF-07321332). The development and regulatory review of BNT162b2 and Paxlovid was enabled through close collaboration of the pharmaceutical industry with regulatory agencies and public health organizations. This experience highlights approaches that could be adopted for pandemic preparedness including risk-based investment strategies, conduct of activities in parallel that normally are conducted sequentially, quick kill decisions, simultaneous evaluation of multiple candidates, and use of flexible, established vaccine platforms.


Asunto(s)
Vacunas contra la COVID-19 , COVID-19 , Glicoproteína de la Espiga del Coronavirus , Humanos , Vacuna BNT162 , COVID-19/prevención & control , SARS-CoV-2 , Indoles
9.
J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Nurs ; 37(2): e12457, 2024 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38433114

RESUMEN

TOPIC: The COVID-19 pandemic affected adolescents' physical and psychological health. There must be specific services to cater to the needs of adolescents during COVID-19 in Indonesia. Lessons learned from previous pandemics will be beneficial for nurses and other health professionals to prepare services for future pandemics. PURPOSE: This mixed-method study aimed to examine 459 Indonesian adolescents' health, literacy, preventive measures, and preferred health services during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study also examines sociodemographics, respondent characteristics, health information sources, and media choices. RESULTS: A total of 47.5% of adolescents knew about COVID-19, 26.8% experienced physical health changes, and 61.7% considered wearing masks. Adolescent health information came from teachers (26.6%) and the Internet (32.9%). Psychological changes showed 67.8% irritation. Indonesians preferred online counseling (53.8%) and WhatsApp (45.8%) for pandemic health services. COVID-19 literacy did not affect physical or mental health (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Most adolescents reported mental and physical health changes during COVID-19. Our data suggest that adolescents' strong COVID-19 knowledge did not prevent anxiety and other psychological difficulties. The longitudinal studies could be utilized if pandemic demands social and physical distance. The government, as well as nurses, might utilize WhatsApp-based remote online treatment for health services.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Pandemias , Pueblos del Sudeste Asiático , Adolescente , Humanos , Indonesia/epidemiología , Salud del Adolescente , COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/prevención & control , Servicios de Salud
10.
HLA ; 103(3): e15421, 2024 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38433722

RESUMEN

Few data exist on the role of genetic factors involving the HLA system on response to Covid-19 vaccines. Moving from suggestions of a previous study investigating the association of some HLA alleles with humoral response to BNT162b2, we here compared the HLA allele frequencies among weak (n = 111) and strong (n = 123) responders, defined as those healthcare workers with the lowest and the highest anti-Spike antibody levels after vaccination. Individuals with clinical history of Covid-19 or positive anti-nucleocapside antibodies were excluded. We found the common HLA-A*03:01 allele as an independent predictor of strong humoral response (OR = 12.46, 95% CI: 4.41-35.21, p < 0.0001), together with younger age of vaccines (p = 0.004). Correlation between antibody levels and protection from breakthrough infection has been observed, with a 2-year cumulative incidence of 42% and 63% among strong and weak responders, respectively (p = 0.03). Due to the high frequency of HLA-A*03:01 and the need for seasonal vaccinations against SARS-CoV-2 mutants, our findings provide useful information about the inter-individual differences observed in humoral response after Covid-19 vaccine and might support further studies on the next seasonal vaccines.


Asunto(s)
Vacunas contra la COVID-19 , COVID-19 , Humanos , Infección Irruptiva , Alelos , Vacuna BNT162 , COVID-19/prevención & control , SARS-CoV-2 , Vacunación , Antígenos HLA-A
11.
Front Immunol ; 15: 1330549, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38433831

RESUMEN

Background: Vaccination against COVID-19 is highly effective in preventing severe disease and hospitalization, but primary COVID mRNA vaccination schedules often differed from those recommended by the manufacturers due to supply chain issues. We investigated the impact of delaying the second dose on antibody responses to COVID mRNA-vaccines in a prospective cohort of health-care workers in Quebec. Methods: We recruited participants from the McGill University Health Centre who provided serum or participant-collected dried blood samples (DBS) at 28-days, 3 months, and 6 months post-second dose and at 28-days after a third dose. IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV2 spike (S), the receptor-binding domain (RBD), nucleocapsid (N) and neutralizing antibodies to the ancestral strain were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We examined associations between long (≤89 days) versus short (<89 days) between-dose intervals and antibody response through multivariable mixed-effects models adjusted for age, sex, prior covid infection status, time since vaccine dose, and assay batch. Findings: The cohort included 328 participants who received up to three vaccine doses (>80% Pfizer-BioNTech). Weighted averages of the serum (n=744) and DBS (n=216) cohort results from the multivariable models showed that IgG anti-S was 31% higher (95% CI: 12% to 53%) and IgG anti-RBD was 37% higher (95% CI: 14% to 65%) in the long vs. short interval participants, across all time points. Interpretation: Our study indicates that extending the covid primary series between-dose interval beyond 89 days (approximately 3 months) provides stronger antibody responses than intervals less than 89 days. Our demonstration of a more robust antibody response with a longer between dose interval is reassuring as logistical and supply challenges are navigated in low-resource settings.


Asunto(s)
Formación de Anticuerpos , COVID-19 , Humanos , Estudios Prospectivos , Vacunas contra la COVID-19 , ARN Viral , COVID-19/prevención & control , SARS-CoV-2 , Anticuerpos Neutralizantes , Inmunoglobulina G , ARN Mensajero
12.
Br J Biomed Sci ; 81: 12366, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38434675

RESUMEN

The concept of One Health has been developed as the appreciation that human health is intricately connected to those of other animals and the environment that they inhabit. In recent years, the COVID-19 pandemic and noticeable effects of climate change have encouraged national and international cooperation to apply One Health strategies to address key issues of health and welfare. The United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals have established targets for health and wellbeing, clean water and sanitation, climate action, as well as sustainability in marine and terrestrial ecosystems. The One Health Quadripartite comprises the World Health Organization (WHO), the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH-formerly OIE), the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). There are six areas of focus which are Laboratory services, Control of zoonotic diseases, Neglected tropical diseases, Antimicrobial resistance, Food safety and Environmental health. This article discusses the concept of One Health by considering examples of infectious diseases and environmental issues under each of those six headings. Biomedical Scientists, Clinical Scientists and their colleagues working in diagnostic and research laboratories have a key role to play in applying the One Health approach to key areas of healthcare in the 21st Century.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Salud Única , Animales , Humanos , Ecosistema , Pandemias/prevención & control , COVID-19/epidemiología
13.
Front Public Health ; 12: 1327704, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38435297

RESUMEN

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic propelled immunology into global news and social media, resulting in the potential for misinterpreting and misusing complex scientific concepts. Objective: To study the extent to which immunology is discussed in news articles and YouTube videos in English and Italian, and if related scientific concepts are used to support specific political or ideological narratives in the context of COVID-19. Methods: In English and Italian we searched the period 11/09/2019 to 11/09/2022 on YouTube, using the software Mozdeh, for videos mentioning COVID-19 and one of nine immunological concepts: antibody-dependent enhancement, anergy, cytokine storm, herd immunity, hygiene hypothesis, immunity debt, original antigenic sin, oxidative stress and viral interference. We repeated this using MediaCloud for news articles.Four samples of 200 articles/videos were obtained from the randomised data gathered and analysed for mentions of concepts, stance on vaccines, masks, lockdown, social distancing, and political signifiers. Results: Vaccine-negative information was higher in videos than news (8-fold in English, 6-fold in Italian) and higher in Italian than English (4-fold in news, 3-fold in videos). We also observed the existence of information bubbles, where a negative stance towards one intervention was associated with a negative stance to other linked ideas. Some immunological concepts (immunity debt, viral interference, anergy and original antigenic sin) were associated with anti-vaccine or anti-NPI (non-pharmacological intervention) views. Videos in English mentioned politics more frequently than those in Italian and, in all media and languages, politics was more frequently mentioned in anti-guidelines and anti-vaccine media by a factor of 3 in video and of 3-5 in news. Conclusion: There is evidence that some immunological concepts are used to provide credibility to specific narratives and ideological views. The existence of information bubbles supports the concept of the "rabbit hole" effect, where interest in unconventional views/media leads to ever more extreme algorithmic recommendations.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Medios de Comunicación Sociales , Humanos , Control de Enfermedades Transmisibles , Pandemias , Inmunidad Colectiva
14.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci ; 28(4): 1624-1631, 2024 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38436195

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Cancer patients are among the high-risk groups where COVID-19 infection tends to be severe and can lead to increased mortality. Therefore, they are included in the priority groups for COVID-19 vaccination. This study aimed to compare the levels of SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies following two different COVID-19 vaccinations between hematology-oncology patients and healthcare personnel and to identify factors associated with these antibody levels. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective study was conducted with 91 hematology-oncology patients (cancer group) and 75 healthcare personnel (control group) from January 2020 to June 2023. The cancer and control groups comprised adults who had received a booster dose, with either a single dose of BNT162b2 or two doses of CoronaVac™ spaced one month apart, following their primary vaccination with two doses of either CoronaVac™ or BNT162b2. Four weeks after the administration of the booster dose, levels of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies were assessed using an ELISA kit. Antibody levels above 50 AU/mL were accepted as signifying seropositivity. RESULTS: The median SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody level was lower in the cancer group compared to the control group (4,509 vs. 7,268, p = 0.004), while the rate of seroconversion was similar between the groups (97.8% vs. 100%, p = 0.564). In the cancer group, no association was found between SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody levels and age, sex, comorbidity, type of malignancy, stage and duration, or type of vaccine. CONCLUSIONS: In cancer patients, the seroconversion positivity rate was about 98%. However, antibody responses were still lower compared to the control group. No difference was detected in antibody levels among cancer patients based on the type of vaccine.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Neoplasias , Adulto , Humanos , Vacuna BNT162 , Vacunas contra la COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2 , Estudios Prospectivos , COVID-19/prevención & control , Vacunación , Anticuerpos Antivirales , Inmunoglobulina G
15.
J Occup Environ Hyg ; : 1-8, 2024 Mar 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38437682

RESUMEN

The COVID-19 pandemic created an unprecedented increase in the usage of personal protective equipment (PPE) in the healthcare industry, especially in the form of face coverings. Subsequently, guidelines related to breathability and wear comfort were published by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) as an influx of various new materials entered the PPE market. This study evaluated a proprietary, novel, zinc-ion embedded fiber with the ability to deactivate bacteria and viruses, including SARS-COV-2, for its wear comfort in a nonwoven disposable mask in comparison to a commercially available surgical face mask which served as the control. Ten healthy, full-time, career, firefighters participated in this study wearing both masks in a randomized fashion. A medical task simulation (MTS) protocol was developed to replicate nursing task metabolic rates, per the compendium of physical activities, via a graded treadmill walking exercise. Participant ratings including ease of mask fit, overall mask comfort, facial comfort, breathability, and facial temperature sensation were recorded before, during, and after the 50-minute protocol in a controlled environmental chamber. The 100% nylon, zinc ion mask was rated as slightly cooler at the beginning of the trial (at 0.8 vs. 1.3), than the commercially available polypropylene mask. The polypropylene mask also reached a perceived mask facial comfort (MFC) rating of 1.6 just 35 min into the protocol whereas the zinc ion mask did not reach a rating of slight discomfort until the end of the exercise. Findings indicate the novel zinc-ion embedded mask was as comfortable, if not more so, than the commercially available nonwoven mask with more favorable ratings for longer durations. Not only do the zinc properties provide enhanced protection, but they maintain, if not improve, wearer comfort.

16.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38427767

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged as a global pandemic, threatening millions of lives worldwide. Everyone was overwhelmed by the plethora of information from different sources, creating confusion, misconceptions, and panic in the community. AIMS: This study aimed to estimate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) among medical and dental students toward COVID-19 and to identify factors influencing them. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate students enrolled in MBBS and BDS courses, and KAP scores were calculated using a self-administered questionnaire. The statistical analysis was done by unpaired t test and one-way analysis of variance. RESULTS: MBBS students had higher KAP scores when compared with BDS students. Knowledge gaps were discovered in the areas of COVID-19 transmission through blood, World Health Organization (WHO)-designated variants of concern, disinfectant usage, and mandatory vaccination. A majority (91.33%) of the students had a positive attitude toward COVID-19. Better knowledge and practice scores were significantly associated with vaccinated students and those who trusted government website resources. CONCLUSION: Curriculum modifications and creative teaching strategies can fill the lacunae in the KAP scores. Medical and dental students, as torchbearers of the healthcare fraternity, can play a critical role in raising awareness during public health emergencies.

17.
Int J Infect Dis ; : 106990, 2024 Feb 28.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38428480

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The burden of post COVID-19 condition (PCC) is not well studied in patients with advanced kidney disease. METHODS: A large prospective cohort of SARS-CoV-2 vaccinated patients with chronic kidney disease stages G4-G5 (CKD G4/5), on dialysis, and kidney transplant recipients (KTR) were included. Antibody levels were determined after vaccination. Presence of long-lasting symptoms was assessed in patients with and without prior COVID-19 and compared using logistic regression. In patients with prior COVID-19, PCC was defined according to the WHO definition. RESULTS: 216 CKD G4/5 patients, 375 dialysis patients, and 2005 KTR were included. Long-lasting symptoms were reported in 204/853 (24%) patients with prior COVID-19 and in 297/1743 (17%) patients without prior COVID-19 (aOR: 1.45 (1.17-1.78)], p<0.001). PCC was prevalent in 29% of CKD G4/5 patients, 21% of dialysis patients, and 24% of KTR. In addition, 69% of patients with PCC reported (very) high symptom burden. Odds of PCC was lower per ten-fold increase in antibody level after vaccination (aOR 0.82 [0.70-0.96], p=0.01) and higher in case of COVID-19 related hospital admission (aOR 4.64 [2.61-8.25], p=0.003). CONCLUSIONS: CKD G4/5 patients, dialysis patients, and KTR are at risk for PCC with high symptom burden after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, especially if antibody levels are low and in case of hospitalization due to COVID-19.

18.
Acad Pediatr ; 2024 Mar 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38432513

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between family-centered care and its components with delayed or missed preventive care due to the COVID-9 pandemic among US children. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study using nationally representative data from the 2021 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH). Children were eligible if they received healthcare services in the past 12 months (n=42,649; 79.3%). We excluded children with missing data, for a final sample of 40,511 (93.7% of the eligible sample). Children were deemed to have received family-centered care if caregivers responded "always" or "usually" to all five measures of family-centered care. Poisson regression was used to ascertain weighted prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Predisposing, enabling, and need factors of healthcare services use were evaluated as potential confounders. RESULTS: Approximately 86.7% of children received family-centered care during the pandemic, with significant racial and ethnic differences, findings consistent with pre-pandemic data. In multivariable analyses adjusted for the child's race and age, family-centered care was associated with a 30% reduced likelihood of delayed or missed preventive care (95% CI: 0.64-0.78). Individual components of family-centered care were associated with a 26%-43% reduced likelihood of delayed or missed preventive care. CONCLUSIONS: Family-centered care and its components were associated with a reduced likelihood of delayed or missed pediatric preventive care. Our findings highlight the important role of healthcare providers in curbing the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric preventive care utilization and emphasize the need to expand family-centered care among racial and ethnic minority groups. WHAT'S NEW: Consistent with pre-pandemic data, about 86.7% of children received family-centered care during the pandemic, with significant racial and ethnic differences. Family-centered care was associated with a reduced likelihood of delayed or missed pediatric preventive care due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

19.
Ann Ig ; 2024 Mar 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38436081

RESUMEN

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic had a profound impact on vaccines' Research and Development, on vaccines' market, and on immunization programmes and policies. The need to promptly respond to the health emergency boostered resources' allocation and innovation, while new technologies were made available. Regulatory procedures were revised and expedited, and global production and distribution capacities significantly increased. Aim of this review is to outline the trajectory of research in vaccinology and vaccines' pipeline, highlighting major challenges and opportunities, and projecting future perspectives in vaccine preventables diseases' prevention and control. Study Design: Narrative review. Methods: We comprehensively consulted key biomedical databases including "Medline" and "Embase", preprint platforms, including"MedRxiv" and "BioRxiv", clinical trial registries, selected grey literature sources and scientific reports. Further data and insights were collected from experts in the field. We first reflect on the impact that the COVID-19 had on vaccines' Research and Development, regulatory frameworks, and market, we then present updated figures of vaccines pipeline, by different technologies, comparatively highlighting advantages and disadvantages. We conclude summarizing future perspectives in vaccines' development and immunizations strategies, outlining key challenges, knowledge gaps and opportunities for prevention strategies. Results: COVID-19 vaccines' development has been largely supported by public funding. New technologies and expetited authorization and distribution processes allowed to control the pandemic, leading vaccines' market to grow exponentially. In the postpandemic era investments in prevention are projected to decrease but advancements in technology offer great potential to future immunization strategies. As of 2023, the vaccine pipeline include almost 1,000 candidates, at different Research and Development phase, including innovative recombinant protein vaccines, nucleic acid vaccines and viral vector vaccines. Vaccines' technology platforms development varies by disease. Overall, vaccinology is progressing towards increasingly safe and effective products that are easily manufacturable and swiftly convertible. Conclusions: Vaccine research is rapidly evolving, emerging technologies and new immunization models offer public health new tools and large potential to fight vaccines preventables diseases, with promising new platforms and broadened target populations. Real-life data analysis and operational research is needed to evaluate how such potential is exploited in public health practice to improve population health.

20.
J Med Virol ; 96(3): e29479, 2024 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38425270

RESUMEN

Infection with influenza A virus (IAV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) poses a significant risk to human life, health, and the global economy. Vaccination is one of the most effective strategies in the fight against infectious viruses. In this study, we, for the first time, have evaluated the immunogenicity and protective effect of an influenza/SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subunit combined vaccine adjuvanted with MF59 and administered to BALB/c mice. Results showed that the combined vaccine induced high levels of IgG, IgG1 , and IgG2a antibodies, as well as influenza A H1N1/California/2009 virus-specific hemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies in BALB/c mice. Moreover, this subunit combined vaccine induced high titers of neutralization antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineage BA.5 pseudovirus and effectively reduced the viral load of authentic SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineage BA.5.2 in the cell culture supernatants. These results suggested that this subunit combined vaccine achieved protective effect against both H1N1 A/California/07/2009 strain and SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5.2 variant. It is therefore expected that this study will establish the scientific foundation for the next-step development of combined vaccines against other strains or variants of IAV and SARS-CoV-2.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Subtipo H1N1 del Virus de la Influenza A , Virus de la Influenza A , Vacunas contra la Influenza , Gripe Humana , Animales , Ratones , Humanos , SARS-CoV-2 , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , COVID-19/prevención & control , Vacunas Combinadas , Inmunoglobulina G , Anticuerpos Antivirales , Anticuerpos Neutralizantes
SELECCIÓN DE REFERENCIAS
DETALLE DE LA BÚSQUEDA
...