RESUMEN
Resumen: INTRODUCCIÓN: La conducta suicida es un problema de salud pública. Se sugiere que la personalidad impulsiva o predeterminada participa en los actos de agresividad como el suicidio. OBJETIVO: En este estudio se identificaron diferencias sociodemográficas, de intento de suicidio y la presencia de depresión entre individuos con característica de agresividad impulsiva o predeterminada. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio de tipo transversal que incluyó a 200 residentes de Villahermosa, Tab., México, usuarios de los servicios de salud en ese Estado. La agresividad predeterminada o impulsiva se caracterizó usando la Escala de Agresión Impulsiva/Predeterminada (IPAS). Las características sociodemográficas, de intento de suicidio y de depresión fueron divididas de acuerdo al tipo de agresividad. Subsecuentemente fueron comparadas las características entre los dos grupos. RESULTADOS: Los resultados psicológicos revelaron que la agresividad impulsiva está presente en 62.71 % de la población. Estar desempleado y ser mujer fueron asociadas con la agresividad predeterminada. De igual forma, la mayor proporción de personas con depresión se observó en el grupo de personas predeterminadas (x2 = 18.29, gl = 1, p = 0.001). La proporción de personas con por lo menos un intento de suicidio a lo largo de la vida es similar en las impulsivas y las predeterminadas (6.06% y 6.30%, respectivamente). DISCUSIÓN Y CONCLUSIÓN: El presente estudio no muestra relación entre la personalidad y la proporción del intento de suicidio en los usuarios de los servicios de salud en Tabasco. Sin embargo, el estado de ánimo podría estar asociado con la toma de decisiones.
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Suicidal behaviour is a public health problem. It has been suggested that impulsive or premeditated personality interferes with aggressive acts such as suicide. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we identified the socio-demographic differences when attempting suicide, as well as the concomitant depression among individuals characterized by impulsive or premeditated aggression. METHODS: We performed a transversal study that included 200 residents of Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico, who regularly use the city's General Health Services. The premeditated or impulsive aggression was evaluated using the Impulsive/Premeditated Aggression scale (IPAS). The sample was divided in two groups: impulsive and premeditator individuals. Suicidal attempt, presence of depression and socio-demographic characteristics were evaluated after wards and compared between groups. RESULTS: The psychological evaluation revealed that impulsive aggression is present in 62.71% of the population. We observed that being unemployed and/or being a woman were characteristics associated with premeditated aggression. The premeditators group had the higher proportion of concomitant depression (x2 = 18.29, gl = 1, p = 0.001). The proportion of people that had attempted suicide at least once during their lives was similar in both groups (impulsive = 6.06%, premeditators = 6.30%). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: This study does not show any association between the personality (impulsive or premeditative) and the frequency of suicide attempts in the Tabascan General Health Services users. Nevertheless, the frame of mind (depression) could be associated with taking decisions when attempting suicide.
RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: We performed a study to identify differences between patients with impulsive suicide attempt and those with premeditated suicide attempt in a Mexican population. METHOD: We studied 144 patients who recently attempted suicide. Impulsive and premeditated suicide attempts were evaluated with the Suicide Intent Scale. These data were divided according to the type of attempt. Subsequently, the characteristics between the two groups were compared. RESULTS: The rate of patients that made an impulsive attempt was 61.8% and only 9.7% of the patients carried out a premeditated suicide attempt. More years of schooling/education and less severity of the attempt were observed in patients that carried out an impulsive suicide attempt (p < 0.001). Alcohol consumption (0.003) and use of cannabis (0.002) were present in patients who premeditated a suicide attempt. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate that there are clinical differences among the individuals who carried out an impulsive suicide attempt from those who premeditated an attempt in a Mexican population. As a result, when planning interventions and prevention efforts it may be helpful to consider these clinical differences and demographic characteristics.
