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BACKGROUND: Increased oxidative stress play an important role in the risk of cardiovascular disease, mortality, and mortality patients undergoing dialysis. Nasturtium officinale (watercress) contains numerous phytochemical compounds that act as an antioxidant by preventing oxidative damage to biomolecules. Therefore, this research aimed to explore the effect of the ethanolic extract of Nasturtium officinale (EENO) on antioxidant and biochemical markers of hemodialysis patients. METHODS: In this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 46 hemodialysis patients were randomly recruited to consume either 500 mg/day EENO (n = 23) or placebo capsule (n = 23) for 4 weeks, at Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Yasuj, Iran, in 2019. Biomarkers of oxidative stress including glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and total sulfhydryl protein (T-SH) and biochemical parameters such as BUN, Hb, WBC, PLT, Ca, Ph, K, ALB, TChol, TG, LDL, and HDL were evaluated on days 0 and 28. RESULTS: The serum levels of MDA and BUN significantly decreased after taking EENO supplementation (P < 0.001); however, SOD activity increased during the same period (P < 0.001). The serum levels of TAC remained constant in the intervention group, while it significantly declined in the placebo group (P < 0.09). The extract also prevented elevation in the serum levels of LDL and TG compared to the placebo group, although it was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: The data indicated that the consumption of EENO improved some of the antioxidant parameters and minimizes the change in TG and LDL in hemodialysis patients. Therefore, due to the role of these factors in mortality and morbidity of dialysis patients, EENO can improve the condition of dialysis patients. However, more studies with longer intervention times and different doses of EENO are recommended.
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Arterial hypertension is considered a chronic medical problem and also a challenging condition. The present study aimed to compare the effects of motivational interviewing and teach-back on people with hypertension. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this clinical trial conducted in Yasuj in 2018 a total of 81 patients with essential hypertension were selected in terms of the inclusion criteria. Then, they were randomly divided into three groups: teach-back (Group 1), motivational interviewing (Group 2), and control (Group 3). Three teach-back sessions were held for the teach-back group, five sessions of motivational interviewing for the motivational interviewing group, and the routine care was provided for the control group. In addition, data were collected by the demographic form and scale of Adherence to Systemic Hypertension Treatment, which were completed by participants of all three groups at baseline and also two months from the intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 by applying descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test, and Bonferroni test. FINDINGS: Two months from the interventions, in Group 1, the score of adherence to the hypertension treatment regimen significantly increased by 816.38 points compared to the control group, in Group 2 by 1228.9 points compared to the control group, and in Group 2 by 412.6 points compared to Group 1 (p >0.05). CONCLUSION: Both teach-back and motivational interviewing increased the adherence to the hypertension treatment regimen; however, motivational interviewing was more effective compared to teach-back in boosting adherence to the hypertension treatment regimen.
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BACKGROUND: In the past few decades, Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) - a disease with progressive decline in renal function - has become an important problem of global public health, not only in developed countries, but also in developing countries with less economic power. OBJECTIVES: In this study, CKD progression to death or End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) in elderly Iranian patients was compared with younger counterparts. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This retrospective cohort study was conducted on CKD patients with estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min, in a nephrology clinic in Tehran from December of 2006 until December of 2012. eGFR trend, death and need to renal replacement therapy (RRT) were evaluated as outcomes and compared between patients younger and older than 60 years. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 13. RESULTS: Five-hundred and two patients were enrolled and followed up for an average of 37.6 months. Two thirds of the patients were older than 60 years. The incidence density of ESRD in patients younger and older than 60 years were 6.3 and 3.6 for 100 persons per year, respectively. Younger ones showed more rapid decline in their eGFR, while older patients had more stable renal function. CONCLUSIONS: It seems necessary to conduct more researches in order to redefine CKD and identify its prognostic markers in elderly population.