RESUMEN
Nanofiber scaffolds of polyvinyl alcohol, silk fibroin from Bombyx mori cocoons, and silver nanoparticles were developed as a substrate for MG-63 growth. The fiber morphology, mechanical properties, thermal degradation, chemical composition, and water contact angle were investigated. In vitro tests were performed by the cell viability MTS test of MG-63 cells on electrospun PVA scaffolds, mineralization was analyzed by alizarin red, and the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay was evaluated. At higher PVA concentrations, Young's modulus (E) increased. The addition of fibroin and silver nanoparticles improved the thermal stability of PVA scaffolds. FTIR spectra indicated characteristic absorption peaks related to the chemical structures of PVA, fibroin, and Ag-NPs, demonstrating good interactions between them. The contact angle of the PVA scaffolds decreased with the incorporation of fibroin and showed hydrophilic characteristics. In all concentrations, MG-63 cells on PVA/fibroin/Ag-NPs scaffolds had higher cell viability than PVA pristine. On day ten of culture, PVA18/SF/Ag-NPs showed the highest mineralization, observed by the alizarin red test. PVA10/SF/Ag-NPs presented the highest alkaline phosphatase activity after an incubation time of 37 h. The achievements indicate the potential of the nanofibers of PVA18/SF/Ag-NPs as a possible substitute for bone tissue engineering (BTE).
RESUMEN
AIM: To evaluate the buccal bone wall thickness of anterosuperior teeth and the dimension and morphology of the nasopalatine duct in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) of patients treated in two cities at different altitudes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective analytical study, 79 CBCT scans were selected from a total of 347 in Juliaca, Peru (3824 m a.s.l.) and 171 CBCT scans were selected from a total of 622 in Lima, Peru (154 m a.s.l.). The buccal bone wall thickness of anterosuperior teeth was measured at 1 mm, 3 mm, and 5 mm from the alveolar crest. For the nasopalatine duct, its length and diameter were measured, and its anatomical shape was determined in coronal view. Descriptive statistical data such as mean and standard deviation were used, and Mann-Whitney U test was used for bivariate analysis. RESULTS: When comparing the CBCT scans from both cities, significant differences were observed in buccal bone wall thickness at 3 mm and 5 mm from the alveolar crest (P < 0.01 and P < 0.01, respectively); for men, at 1 mm and 3 mm (P = 0.04 and P = 0.04); for the age group from 33 to 47 years, at 3 mm and 5 mm (P < 0.01 and P < 0.01); and for the age group from 48 to 77 years, at 1 mm (P = 0.02). Regarding the nasopalatine duct, significant differences were observed in women in relation to length and nasal opening diameter (P < 0.01 and P < 0.01) and for men, in length (P < 0.01); for the age group from 18 to 32 years, in all three levels (P < 0.01); for the age group from 33 to 47 years, in length and diameter of the oral opening (P < 0.01 and P < 0.01); and for the age group from 48 to 77 years, in length and diameter of the nasal opening (P < 0.01 and P < 0.01). The most frequent nasopalatine duct shape was a single canal with more than 66% of cases, according to sex and age group. CONCLUSION: Patients living at different altitudes presented significant differences in buccal bone wall thickness according to sex and age; however, there were no differences related to dental inclination. Significant differences were found in the length and diameter of the nasopalatine duct at the nasal opening. In addition, the most frequent shape of the nasopalatine duct was the simple canal.
RESUMEN
Las soluciones parenterales de gran volumen (SPGV) son formulaciones líquidas de administración intravenosa, en las cuales la esterilidad y apirogenicidad son requisitos indispensables. De manera semejante, los envases que las contienen deben cumplir estrictas especificaciones de manera de asegurar la integridad y la seguridad de estos productos durante toda su vida útil y, de este modo, disminuir la probabilidad de contaminación que pudiera poner en riesgo la salud de los pacientes. Por este motivo, para verificar el cumplimiento de la normativa vigente y evaluar la calidad, se realizó un estudio horizontal de mercado de productos de SPGV conteniendo metronidazol 500 mg/ 100 ml y ciprofloxacina 200 mg/100 ml en presentaciones de 100 ml. Los ensayos realizados fueron los establecidos por la Disposición ANMAT 1149/97. Los resultados demostraron que, de los cinco laboratorios incluidos en el estudio, uno debe modificar el material de sus envases a fin de evitar la permeabilidad al vapor de agua y los otros cuatro deben rever la capacidad de escurrimiento y colapsabilidad o incluir en su rótulo la leyenda indicada en el inciso E 3.1.4 de la citada norma, en cuanto a la obligación de ser administrados en forma aséptica con filtración del aire de ventilación. El presente trabajo resalta la importancia de las acciones de vigilancia activa llevada a cabo por la ANMAT para asegurar la eficacia, seguridad y calidad de los productos comercializados dentro de su ámbito regulatorio
Large Volume Parenterals (LVP's) are aqueous solutions intended for intravenous use. Sterility and being pyrogen-free are both essential requirements. Similarly, the containers of these solutions must meet strict specifications in order to ensure the integrity and safety of these products throughout their useful life and, thus, reduce the likelihood of contamination that could put at risk the patients' health. For this reason, to verify compliance with current regulations and assess quality, a horizontal market study of SPGV products containing metronidazole 500 mg / 100 ml and ciprofloxacin 200 mg / 100 ml in 100 ml presentations was conducted. The tests carried out were those established by Regulation ANMAT 1149/97. The results showed that, one of the five laboratories included in the study, must modify the material of the containers to avoid water vapor permeability and the other four must review the capacity of runoff and collapsibility or include in the label the legend indicated in the subsection. E 3.1.4 of the aforementioned standard, regarding the obligation to be aseptically administered with ventilation air filtration. This work highlights the importance of active surveillance actions carried out by ANMAT to ensure the effectiveness, safety and quality of products marketed within its regulatory scope
