X-Linked Severe Combined Immunodeficiency and Hepatoblastoma: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Severe combined immunodeficiency is an inherited disease with profoundly defective T cells, B cells, and natural killer cells. X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency is the most common form. In this report, we describe a 4-month-old male infant who was admitted to our hospital with progressive breathlessness and abdominal mass. He was diagnosed with hepatoblastoma and presented a pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia at the beginning of chemotherapy. Definitive diagnosis of X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency was established by DNA analysis of the interleukin 2 receptor gamma chain gene. This case is the first report which describes an X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency patient with hepatoblastoma.

Prognosis of atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors (AT/RT) treated with multimodal therapy protocols. Report of our series / Pronóstico de los tumores teratoides rabdoides atípicos (TT/RA) tratados con protocolos de terapia multimodal. Descripción de nuestra serie

Objective: Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors (AT/RT) of the central nervous system are rare, very aggressive embryological tumors, typically diagnosed in young patients and having a low survival rate after diagnosis. The aim of this study was to emphasize, based on the latest results in the literature, the need for protocols for multidisciplinary treatment in these patients. Material and methods: We report our series of 3 cases treated, diagnosed and followed up between 2009 and 2014. They were treated with multimodal therapy protocols (Rhabdoid SIOP-2007 and European Rhabdoid Registry EU-RHAB-2010). In addition, we carried out a literature review. Results: Two of our 3 cases (supratentorial and spinal tumors) did not show any progression of the disease after long follow-up, in contrast with most of the cases available in the literature. The second patient had a shorter survival. Conclusions: Patient age at the time of diagnosis, supratentorial location of the mass and fewer complications with adjuvant treatments seem to be factors yielding good prognosis for AT/RT tumors. In agreement with the latest international protocols, multidisciplinary treatment is the ideal treatment, consisting of radiotherapy and chemotherapy after complete tumor resection

Objetivo: Los tumores teratoides rabdoides atípicos (TT/RA) del sistema nervioso central son tumores embrionarios muy agresivos, de baja incidencia, típicamente diagnosticados en pacientes jóvenes, con una baja supervivencia tras el diagnóstico. El objetivo de este estudio es resaltar la necesidad del tratamiento multidisciplinar protocolizado de estos pacientes sobre la base de los resultados más actuales de la literatura. Material y métodos: Presentamos nuestra serie de 3 casos de TT/RA diagnosticados, tratados y seguidos entre 2009 y 2014. Nuestros pacientes se trataron siguiendo los protocolos de terapia multimodal (Rhabdoid SIOP-2007, European Rhabdoid Registry EU-RHAB-2010). De forma adicional, se realizó una revisión de la literatura. Resultados: Dos de nuestros pacientes (lesiones supratentorial y espinal) no presentaron progresión de la enfermedad años tras el diagnóstico, en comparación con lo descrito en la literatura. Por otra parte, el segundo paciente presentó una supervivencia menor. Conclusiones: Pueden considerarse factores de buen pronóstico: la edad del paciente en el momento del diagnóstico, las lesiones supratentoriales, y las escasas complicaciones de los tratamientos adyuvantes. El consenso actual en cuanto al tratamiento idóneo consiste en cirugía, seguida de quimioterapia y radioterapia

The clinical phenotype of YWHAE-NUTM2B/E positive pediatric clear cell sarcoma of the kidney.

Clear cell sarcoma of the kidney (CCSK) although uncommon, is the second most frequent renal malignancy of childhood. Until now, the sole recurrent genetic aberration identified in CCSKs is t(10;17)(q22;p13), which gives rise to a fusion transcript of YWHAE and NUTM2B/E. So far, the clinical relevance of this fusion transcript is unknown. The aim of this descriptive study was to determine the clinical phenotype of t(10;17)(q22;p13) positive CCSKs. Snap-frozen tissues, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues or RNA previously extracted from CCSK samples throughout European, North-American and Japanese study groups were screened by RT-PCR for the YWHAE-NUTM2B/E transcript. Clinical characteristics, tumor characteristics, and outcome of patients with and without the fusion transcript were studied. The cohort comprised 51 previously published cases to which were added 139 internationally collected CCSK samples. RNA from 57 of these additionally collected cases was of sufficient quality to be successfully screened for the YWHAE-NUTM2B/E transcript. In total, seven of the 108 cases harbored the fusion transcript. Patients with tumors containing the fusion transcript were relatively young (median age 10 months), had associated low median tumor volumes and stage I disease was not observed in these patients. Two of seven patients relapsed and one of seven patients died of disease. Ranges of values were not overtly different between patients with and without the fusion transcript; however, the number of fusion transcript positive cases turned out to be too small to permit reliable statistical analysis. The current study did not identify an explicit clinical phenotype of CCSK cases harboring the YWHAE-NUTM2B/E fusion transcript.

Prognosis of atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors (AT/RT) treated with multimodal therapy protocols. Report of our series.

OBJECTIVE: Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors (AT/RT) of the central nervous system are rare, very aggressive embryological tumors, typically diagnosed in young patients and having a low survival rate after diagnosis. The aim of this study was to emphasize, based on the latest results in the literature, the need for protocols for multidisciplinary treatment in these patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We report our series of 3 cases treated, diagnosed and followed up between 2009 and 2014. They were treated with multimodal therapy protocols (Rhabdoid SIOP-2007 and European Rhabdoid Registry EU-RHAB-2010). In addition, we carried out a literature review. RESULTS: Two of our 3 cases (supratentorial and spinal tumors) did not show any progression of the disease after long follow-up, in contrast with most of the cases available in the literature. The second patient had a shorter survival. CONCLUSIONS: Patient age at the time of diagnosis, supratentorial location of the mass and fewer complications with adjuvant treatments seem to be factors yielding good prognosis for AT/RT tumors. In agreement with the latest international protocols, multidisciplinary treatment is the ideal treatment, consisting of radiotherapy and chemotherapy after complete tumor resection.

Clearance of methotrexate by means of hemofiltration in a patient with osteosarcoma

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Wilms tumor: what's new?

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Siringometaplasia escamosa ecrina como expresión del fenómeno de evocación / Eccrine squamous syringometaplasia as a manifestation of the recall phenomenon

Presentamos el caso de una niña de tres años y medio diagnosticada de tumor de Wilms estadio IIIB que presentó, con relación a terapia combinada con citostáticos y radioterapia, unas placas eritematovioláceas distribuidas en las zonas de radiación que se identificaron en el estudio histopatológico como siringometaplasia escamosa ecrina (SEE). El fenómeno de evocación es una dermatitis inducida por fármacos que se produce sobre una zona de piel tratada con radioterapia. La radioterapia induce cambios celulares subclínicos que favorecen la aparición de un efecto tóxico, generalmente por agentes antineoplásicos. La SEE es una forma excepcional de expresión del fenómeno de evocación. (AU)