Developments and applications of α-bromonitrostyrenes in organic syntheses.

The presence of the bromo and nitro groups in the structure of α-bromonitrostyrene makes them highly reactive and versatile reagents in organic syntheses. α-Bromonitrostyrenes act as an effective dielectrophile in the reaction with various nucleophiles. In these reactions, the bromo and nitro groups behave as good leaving groups for the assembly of a diverse range of heterocyclic compounds, such as dihydrofurans, dihydropyranes, furans, pyrroles, pyrazoles, isooxazolines, spiropyrrolidines, etc. In the current review, we have focused on the transformations of α-bromonitrostyrenes under organocatalysis, metal catalysis, and base-catalysis systems as well as catalyst-free conditions, since 2010.