Minimally invasive approach to pneumothorax: Single port or two ports?

BACKGROUND: This study aims to compare the effectiveness of single-port and two-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in patients with pneumothorax. METHODS: Between June 2016 and December 2018, a total of 44 patients (39 males, 5 females; mean age 27.0±9.5 years; range, 15 to 60 years) who underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery due to the spontaneous pneumothorax in our center were retrospectively evaluated. The study population was divided into two groups as the single-port (n=29) and two-port (n=15) procedure according to the number of port entries applied during the operation. Age, gender, number of days of drainage, length of hospitalization, number of days of air leak, the indication of operation, pneumothorax side, type of pneumothorax, duration of operation, and complications were compared between the groups. RESULTS: Twenty-two patients (50%) were operated on the right side and 22 patients (50%) on the left side. The mean operation time was 81.1±19.2 min, indicating no significant difference between the groups (p=0.053). No significant difference was observed in the number of days of drainage, the length of hospitalization, and number of days of air leak between the two groups. Complications developed in eight patients (27.6%) in the single-port group and five patients (33.3%) in the two-port group, indicating no significant difference between the groups (p=0.475). CONCLUSION: Our study results show that video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for the treatment of pneumothorax can be successfully performed via a single-port approach.

Effectiveness of Bedside Lung Ultrasound for Clinical Follow-Up of Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax Patients Treated With Tube Thoracostomy.

Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) is a common cause of presentation to emergency departments and subsequent hospitalization. Patients with large PSP are treated with tube thoracostomy (TT) and followed up with x-rays. In this study, we investigated the efficiency of bedside ultrasound and compared it with x-ray imaging for the clinical follow-up of PSP patients treated with TT.This is a prospective observational study. After ethical committee approval and written informed consent were obtained, patients who were treated with TT because of PSP were screened. In the follow-up of these patients, a bedside lung ultrasound (BLUS) was performed before every chest x-ray by an emergency physician experienced in performing BLUSs. The performance of BLUSs in detecting free air in the pleural cavity was compared statistically with that of x-rays.Sixty-two patients were enrolled in the study. In total, 166 BLUSs and x-rays were compared. The sensitivity of BLUS was 95.65% (85.20-99.50), specificity was 100% (79.40-100.00), positive predictive value was 100% (92-100), negative predictive value was 88.90% (65.30-98.60), and the area under the curve was 0.99 (0.974-1.000; P = 0.001) for detecting air in the pleural cavity. These results showed that there was no statistically significant difference between BLUS and x-ray methods for detecting air in the pleural cavity.Our study revealed that BLUS can be safely used for the follow-up of PSP patients treated with TT to determine if air is present in the pleural cavity. Further studies are needed.

The Efficacy of VATS and Intrapleural Fibrinolytic Therapy in Parapneumonic Empyema Treatment.

BACKGROUND: Development of multiloculation-septation is a challenging entity in empyema patients. In this study, it is aimed to investigate the success rates of videothoracoscopic deloculation (VATS-D) and intrapleural fibrinolytic (IPFib) application after tube thoracostomy. METHODS: The study retrospectively examined the patients diagnosed with empyema with multiloculation and septation between January 2005 and December 2014. Among these patients, the study included those who received VATS-D or IPFib therapy. RESULTS: VATS-D (Group 1) was applied to 54 patients and IPFib (Group 2) was applied to 24 patients. The success of both procedures was evaluated considering the need of decortication in the following periods. In the VATS-D group, 4 (7.4%) patients required decortication via thoracotomy where it was 1 (4.1%) patient (p = 0.577) in the IPFib group. The length of hospital stay was 6.81 ± 2.55 (4-15) days in Group 1 compared to 14.25 ± 6.44 (7-27) days in Group 2 (p <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: It was demonstrated that both of the methods applied in the study have high efficacy and are preferable methods based on the general conditions of patients. Additionally, the shorter length of hospital stays in patients received VATS-D was established as a significant parameter.

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) right upper lobectomy for non-small-cell lung cancer with an azygos lobe.

Although it is not a pathologically significant entity, cases of azygos lobe (AL) are interesting due to the difficulty of performing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) procedures in the affected patients and the presence of a congenital malformation. Currently, videothoracoscopic surgery has advanced to such a level that most thoracic procedures can be performed with video assistance. However, some technical difficulties may arise in cases with anatomical anomalies such as AL. This report presents the case of a patient with an azygos lobe who underwent videothoracoscopic lung resection due to the presence of non-small-cell lung carcinoma in the upper lobe of the right lung.

Pneumomediastinum After Difficult Vaginal Delivery.

17-year-old primigravida patient presented with chest pain, dyspnea, sore throat and a sensation of swelling in the neck and throat approximately 3 hours after difficult vaginal delivery at home. Breath sounds were equal bilaterally. Physical examination revealed subcutaneous emphysema that expanded from the anterior thorax to the neck. Posteroanterior (PA) chest X-ray showed air in the neck and thoracic computed tomography showed pneumomediastinum. The patient was admitted to our clinic and was started on ampicillin-sulbactam 3 × 1 grams iv, paracetamol 2 × 1000 mg and 3 L/min of oxygen therapy. C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), which were monitored on a daily basis, showed decline. Repeated chest X-rays did not show any progression. The patient was clinically stable and was discharged from the hospital on the third day. Currently in her third month of follow-up, the patient is stable.

Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery Lobectomy for Pulmonary Malignant Melanoma Metastasis.

Malign melanoma (MM) develops as a result of malign transformation of the melanocytes and constitutes 2-4% of all skin cancers, while being the most common cause of mortality among all skin cancers. In addition to other organs, distant organ metastases also include lung metastasis. A metastasectomy is an acceptable treatment option in cases of malign melanoma with isolated lung metastasis. The current report presents a case with isolated lung metastasis that underwent a right upper VATS (video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery) lobectomy due to tumour localization.